1. Passive & Active Transport

2. Types of Cellular Transport
Animations of Active Transport & Passive Transport
Types of Cellular Transport
high
low
Weeee!!!
Passive Transport
NO energy
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Osmosis
Active Transport
YES energy
Protein Pumps
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
high
low
This is gonna be hard work!!

3. Passive Transport High  Low No energy (ATP)
Molecules move from high to low concentration
Molecules move randomly
High  Low
high
low
Weeee!!!

4. 3 Types of Passive Transport
Diffusion
Smaller molecules
High to low
NO energy (ATP)
Facilitative Diffusion
Larger molecules
NO energy with the help of transport proteins
Osmosis
Diffusion of water

5. Simple Diffusion Animation
Passive Transport
Simple Diffusion Animation
Diffusion
Movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
(High to Low)
Molecules continue to move until they are evenly spaced (equilibrium)
Molecules will still move around but stay spread out

6. Facilitated Diffusion (Channel Protein) Diffusion (Lipid Bilayer)
Passive Transport A B
2. Facilitated Diffusion
Diffusion of specific particles through transport proteins found in the membrane
Transports larger or charged molecules (ex: Glucose)
Facilitated Diffusion (Channel Protein)
Diffusion (Lipid Bilayer)
Carrier Protein

7. Passive Transport 3. Osmosis
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Water moves from high to low concentrations
Osmosis animation
Water moves freely through pores
Solute (green) to large to move across

8. Osmotic Solutions = Affect how water moves
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic

9. Universal Solvent = Water
Solution is made up of two parts…
1. Solute – substance that is dissolved
2. Solvent – Does the dissolving
Example: Ice Tea – water is the solvent and tea and sugar are the solutes + =

10. Hypotonic Solution (Low solute; High water)
The solution has a lower concentration of solutes and a higher concentration of water than inside the cell
(Low solute; High water)
Water will move into cell
The cell will swell or burst
Bursting is called cytolysis
Trick: Hippos love water

11. Hypertonic Solution (High solute; Low water)
The solution has a higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of water than inside the cell
(High solute; Low water)
Water will move out of cell
The cell will shrivel or shrink
Trick: Hyper like a viper

12. Isotonic Solution (equal solute, equal water)
The concentration of solutes in the solution is equal to the concentration of solutes inside the cell.
(equal solute, equal water)
Water will move in & out of the cell at equal rates
The cell will not change size
Cell is at equilibrium
“Iso” = same

13. Hypotonic Isotonic Hypertonic

14. How Organisms Deal with Osmotic Pressure
Paramecium (protist) removing excess water video
Bacteria and plants have cell walls that prevent them from over-expanding. In plants the pressure exerted on the cell wall is called tugor pressure.
A protist like paramecium has contractile vacuoles that collect water flowing in and pump it out to prevent them from over- expanding.
Salt water fish pump salt out of their specialized gills so they do not dehydrate.
Animal cells are bathed in blood. Kidneys keep the blood isotonic by remove excess salt and water.

15. Osmosis practice

16. Osmosis practice

17. Osmosis practice

18. Passive Transport Overview
NO energy required (ATP)
High to low concentrations
Diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Osmosis
3 solutions
Hypertonic,
Hypotonic
Isotonic

19. This is gonna be hard work!!
Active Transport
Uses energy
Actively moves molecules
Movement from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
(Low  High)
high
low
This is gonna be hard work!!

20. Types of Active Transport
Sodium Potassium Pumps
(Active Transport using proteins)
Protein Pumps
Require energy (ATP)
Example: Sodium-Potassium pumps
Protein changes shape to move molecules: this requires energy!

21. Types of Active Transport
2. Endocytosis:
Large material entering a cell
Endo= into
Cytosis = cell
Two Types
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
This is how white blood cells eat bacteria!

22. Two Types of Endocytosis
Phagocytosis = “cell eating”
Trick: “Phago my eggo”
2. Pinocytosis: “cell drinking”
Trick: “virgin pina colada”

23. Types of Active Transport
3. Exocytosis
Material leaving the cell
Exo = exiting
Cytosis = cell
Cell changes shape
Requires energy
Hormones or wastes released from cell
Endocytosis & Exocytosis animations

25. In order to make hydrochloric acid, which is required in human digestion, ATP is used to move hydrogen ions from the blood to the stomach lining. This is an example of ___.
Active Transport
Passive Transport
Osmotic Potential
Facilitated Diffusion