2. Chain Reaction- Who will be the weakest link?

3. This lesson I will be able to: Pursue an investigation on coastal erosion at Walton-On-The-Naze. (Target D or below)(Target C-B)(Target A-A*) Will locate Walton-On-The- Naze and be able to explain why it is affected by coastal erosion. Will be able to categorise the social, environmental and economic effects of the erosion. Will be able to evaluate the effectiveness of the management put in place.

5. Background Walton-on-the-Naze is a small retirement town, located near Colchester via the A133 with a population of 40,000. Run by tendering local authority it relies mostly on tourism economically, which is one of the reasons they have a coastal management scheme which has recently been extended to the north to protect the luxurious houses situated there.

6. Walton suffers from erosion due to the types of rock that make up the cliff – Red Crag and London Clay. Both are easily eroded by the sea.

7. Slumping is common due to the soft rock type.

8. Longshore drift moves sand from south to north, leaving Walton exposed.

9. The Naze tower stands every-nearer the cliff-top, which is undercutting and destroying a concrete roadway. Its remains can be seen below the sheer face, perched on the side of a grassy rotational slump. In imminent danger is a brick information pillar.

10. Walton-on-the Naze coastal erosion project completed - BBC News A £1.2m coastal erosion project to help preserve an area of crumbling Essex coastline has been completed. The 110m Crag Walk sea wall has been built along The Naze in Walton to help protect the Naze Tower from the sea. In addition to that, 16,000 tonnes of granite have been shipped in as rip rap. Groynes also help to build up the beach, both wooden and rock groynes are present.

12. In these views there is a display of 'hard' sea defences; a sea wall, wooden groynes and, behind, a rock groyne.

13. Using an example, explain how coastal management strategies are being used to protect the coastline (4). 1 mark (Target D or below) 2-3 marks (Target C-B) 4 marks (Target A-A*) Will list two types of management strategies. Will use an example. Will describe at least two strategies and begin to explain one. Will use specific details from a case study. Describes at least two strategies and fully explains how these are used to protect the coastline. Success Criteria:

14. Use the success criteria below to mark your partners answer. Mark out of 4. GCSE Grade. WWW / EBI. Effort grade? Use the success criteria below to mark your partners answer. Mark out of 4. GCSE Grade. WWW / EBI. Effort grade? Using an example, explain how coastal management strategies are being used to protect the coastline (4). 1 mark (Target D or below) 2-3 marks (Target C-B) 4 marks (Target A-A*) Will list two types of management strategies. Will use an example. Will describe at least two strategies and begin to explain one. Will use specific details from a case study. Describes at least two strategies and fully explains how these are used to protect the coastline.

15. Finally.. Remember that.. Cliff erosion / cliff recession / cliff retreat / coastal retreat etc… are all the same thing!

16. Coastal Management case study: Walton on the Naze – a summary Walton can be split into two areas. The northern end of the coastline has not been protected as the Environmental Agency does not consider the buildings worth saving. The southern part of the coastline has been protected because of the coastal town of Walton with its population of 12,000. In 1977 a major project was completed on the southern part of the coastline. Seawalls, breakwaters and groynes and the cliff was regarded. This was to protect the properties on the cliff as the average house price is £400,000. Groynes were used because longshore drift was occurring along the coastline from the south to the north. At the bottom of the cliff there is a sea wall: this is to protect the London clay which is easily eroded by the sea.