1. RDA and You : Why Should You Care? June 17, 2013 Brown Bag Luncheon Series Henry Madden Library Julie Renee Moore California State University, Fresno jumoore@csufresno.edu

2. RDA: What’s All the Fuss About? RDA = Resource Description and Access New content standard replacing AACR2 Designed for the web environment Will provide better resource discovery Ultimately, the goal is to push our library information out into the semantic web … but we are very much in a transitional bridge stage (this move to RDA is only a drop in the bucket)

3. Things I COULD spend A LOT of time talking about: History of Cataloging Theory of Cataloging FRBR (Fundamental Requirements for Bibliographic Record) (the conceptual model underpinnings of RDA) FRAD (Functional Requirements for Authority Data) Intricacies of RDA Bibliographic Records

5. Instead, this is what I’ll be discussing today: Recent Cataloging History … and Why Change? The Madden Library RDA Implementation Plan A Glimpse of Cataloging Theory as it Relates to RDA FRBR (Fundamental Requirements for Bibliographic Record) (the conceptual model underpinnings of RDA) How to Identify an RDA Record … What’s Different?

6. … After all, I only have 1 hour!

7. History: 1978 was a good year, or, The Way We Were (last ammendment, 2005)

8. … well, I was in high school! FAR OUT!

9. Problems with AACR2 Some examples of the problems: Written for the print environment for card catalogs Examples: Abbreviations, Latin, Limited number of contributors Inadequate rules for the description of new types of resources, especially electronic resources Lack of a theoretical framework to act as a reference point when dealing with new situations (Slide Content from Chris Oliver)

10. Problems with AACR2 The Internet Because our bibliographic records and online catalogs are so library-centric, we have become a silo of data … which desperately needs to find its way onto the Internet

11. Problems with AACR2 Visible data users expect that all metadata is on the web library data needs to be visible on the web (if we are to compete and survive) online catalog = closed database invisible to web search engines“dark data” MARC 21 = library specific record format web cannot access and use MARC data not used in other cultural heritage communities (Slide by Chris Oliver)

12. Timeline 1997Problems identified: International Conference on the Principles & Future Development of AACR, Toronto, Ontario 1998FRBR published (IFLA) 1998-2004revisions to AACR2 by the Joint Steering Committee 2004Serious work on the replacement to AACR2, first AACR3 2005 (Julie  HML) The decision was made to abandon AACR3 and start over again with the new standard: Resource Description and Access with a strong emphasis on the FRBR conceptual model 2009FRAD (Fundamental Requirements of Authority Data) (IFLA) 2010RDA published 2010-2011Extensive User Testing; it was decided to implement RDA 2013March 31, 2013 Day One of RDA for all federal and PCC libraries

13. RDA History RDA was developed as the replacement to AACR2 by the Joint Steering Committee (an international committee) with members from the U.S., U.K., Germany, Australia (and with a huge amount of input from various stakeholders) It was decided to implement RDA

14. RDA History The majority of copy cataloging (which is the majority of our cataloging) comes from LC and the PCC libraries.

15. RDA Now Therefore … We are in the process of implementing RDA! Our implementation date: March 31, 2014 We are already accepting RDA records through copy cataloging and batch loading, and we have cataloged a few originals using RDA. As of today (June 17, 2013), we have 3,769 RDA bib records in our catalog.

16. RDA Madden Library Implementation Plan RDA Implementation Team: Julie Moore (from Cataloging), Maria Pena (from IT), and Jane Magee (from Public Services). Developed policies to move to RDA records for copy cataloging, original cataloging, and batch loading. Sierra; OCLC; RDA Toolkit Training (for catalogers, for general library) Our implementation date: March 31, 2014

17. RDA RDA (Theory) Fundamental re-thinking of cataloging theory (FRBR) FRBR User Tasks: Find Identify Select Obtain

18. ¼ (Slide by Paul Frank)) is realized through is embodied in is exemplified by Work Expression Manifestation Item one many Physical – Recording of Content Intellectual/Artistic Content FRBR Group 1 Entities

19. FRBR Group 2 Entities : People and Corporate Bodies related to the Work FRBR Group 3 Entities : Subjects related to the Work RDA (Theory)

20. Original Work-- Same Expression Same Work – New Expression New Work Cataloging Rules Cut-Off Point Derivative EquivalentDescriptive Facsimile Reprint Exact Reproduction Copy Microform Reproduction Variations or Versions Translation Simultaneous “Publication” Edition Revision Slight Modification Expurgated Edition Illustrated Edition Abridged Edition Arrangement Summary Abstract Digest Change of Genre Adaptation Dramatization Novelization Screenplay Libretto Free Translation Same Style or Thematic Content Parody Imitation Review Criticism Annotated Edition Casebook Evaluation Commentary Family of Works 1 Based on diagram in “Bibliographic Relationships,” Barbara B. Tillett. Ch. 2 in: Relationships in the Organization of Knowledge, edited by Carol A. Bean and Rebecca Green. Dordrecht, Boston, London: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001, p. 19-35. (Slide by Paul Frank)

21. OK … that was TMI!

22. RDA RDA … We need to remember that RDA is a “content standard” not an encoding standard not a display standard In other words, RDA tells us what data elements are required, but not “how” to get them there (MARC) … or what they should look like to the public (OPAC).

23. RDA RDA … Based on internationally accepted principles, so international in scope – both FRBR and FRAD were developed under the auspices of IFLA (International Federation of Library Associations) Centered on the user Flexible instructions for describing all types of materials (and not just for libraries)

24. RDA RDA … Defines individual elements with controlled vocabulary lists Will be used with MARC (and Bibframe)… but can be used with other data models Clearly defines relationships (for example: between works and their creators)

25. RDA RDA … Will ultimately support the integration of library data out in the semantic web. (Really the ultimate goal of RDA.)

26. RDA Demands Precise Data and Precise Data = Usable data each element is distinct and precisely defined each element contains only one kind of data controlled vocabulary used in many elements  each element has the potential to be usable: to index to search to build meaningful displays of data  data in any element can be used: by humans and by computers (Slide content from Chris Oliver)

27. Example of Precise Data … 264 Production, Publication, Distribution, Manufacture Statements and Copyright Notice Date 264 is repeatable. Indicator 2 shows the function of the entity: 0 - Production 1 - Publication 2 - Distribution 3 - Manufacture 4 - Copyright notice date

28. Example of Precise Data … 264 Production, Publication, Distribution, Manufacture Statements and Copyright Notice Date Monographic Example from PCC Guidelines: 264 #1 $a Syracuse, New York : $b [publisher not identified], $c 2010. 264 #2 $a [Place of distribution not identified] : $b Adirondack Distributors, $c 2012. 264 #4 $c ©2009

29. RDA So let’s talk about the bibliographic record differences – what will look different?: If you have a MARC record, it is easy to tell if you have an RDA record by: 040 $e rda (040 $e =Descriptive convention)

30. RDA Bibliographic Record Differences: Latin Fewer abbreviations (and no Latin abbreviations!) Rule of Three GMD No General Material Designator (i.e., [videorecording], [electronic resource], [sound recording], etc.) -- replaced by 336 content, 337 media, 338 carrier types)

31. Take what you see … Accept what you get In AACR2, we transcribed from the title page (chief source of information) generally, but we did develop some tweaking practices especially in using Latin and abbreviations to save time/space on cards … for example, we used [sic] and [i.e.] with typos/errors in titles. With RDA, we let it go … (and then add a 246) 245 14 The forth time’s the charm 246 1_ ‡i Corrected title: ‡a Fourth time’s the charm (Phrase in 246 ‡i is not prescribed; Title should read, Correct form of title, etc., are also possible)

32. Rule of Three AACR2 (Rule of 3) RDA (No Maximum; Author Main Entry) When there are more than 3 authors: Only the 1st author listed is in 245 ‡c … [et al.].  Title main entry  700 only for the 1st author 100 1_ ‡a Moore, Julie Renee. 245 14 ‡a The joy of cataloging / ‡c by Julie Moore, Christy Hicks, Janet Bochin, Lisa Black, Peggie Morgan, Dolores Pires, and David Hubbard. 32 245 04 ‡a The joy of cataloging / ‡c by Julie Moore … [et al.].  First author automatically gets 100 field (even if 3 or less); transcribe all co-authors  Statement of responsibility is not limited to three authors  Although not required, cataloger also has the option to make 700s for the other authors. The cataloger can also be selective--just an added entry for Pires could be made.

33. GMD [general material designator] In AACR2, we used the GMD for special formats (i.e., formats other than print monographs) as an early warning indicator that this is not a book. It looked like this in the title field: 245 Blazing saddles ǂ h [videorecording] / ǂ c Warner Brothers presents a Mel Brooks film …

34. GMD In RDA, the GMD disappears. It is replaced by the: Content Type (336) (RDA Table 6.1) Media Type (337) (RDA Table 3.1) Carrier Type (338) (RDA 3.3) (This is part of untangling cataloging elements that had gotten thrown together) Special Formats Catalogers Everywhere

35. RDA In RDA, the replacement for the GMD is a 336 (Content Type) 337 (Media Type) 338 (Carrier Type) field in every RDA record … even in print monograph records (which did not typically have a GMD in AACR2). This brings consistency to all records.

36. RDA Let’s have a closer look at the: Content Type (336) (RDA Table 6.1) Media Type (337) (RDA Table 3.1) Carrier Type (338) (RDA 3.3) 1/2

37. Content Type RDA 6.9.1.1 Content Type [336] is a categorization reflecting the fundamental form of communication in which the content is expressed and the human sense through which it is intended to be perceived. For the full list of content type controlled vocabulary and codes, see: http://www.loc.gov/standards/valuelist/marccontent. html

38. Recording Content Type RDA 6.9.1.3 Table 6.1 (336) Examples Visual cartographic image cartographic moving image cartographic three-dimensional form notated movement notated music still image text three-dimensional form three-dimensional moving image two-dimensional moving image Computer cartographic dataset computer dataset computer program Audible performed music sounds spoken word Touch cartographic tactile image cartographic tactile three-dimensional form tactile image tactile notated music tactile text tactile three-dimensional form

39. What is the content type for a book?

40. 336 Content Type for a book 336 text ǂ 2 rdacontent (Whether it is a physical book or an ebook, the content type for a book is text.)

41. Media Type RDA 3.2.1.1 Media Type [337]is a categorization reflecting the general type of intermediation device required to view, play, run, etc., the content of a resource. For the up-to-date list of media types, go to: http://www.loc.gov/standards/valuelist/marcmedia.htm l

42. Recording Media Type RDA 3.2.1.3 Table 3.1 (337) Examples Audio Computer Microform Microscopic Projected Stereographic Unmediated Video If none of the terms listed in table 3.1 apply to the carrier of the resource being described, record other. If the media type or types applicable to the resource being described cannot be readily ascertained, record unspecified.

43. What is the media type for a book?

44. 337 Media Type Does a book require an extra device to play it? No … therefore, the media type is unmediated. 337 unmediated ǂ 2 rdamedia What if the book is an ebook? Does it require an extra device to read it? Yes … therefore, the media type for an ebook is computer. 337 computer ǂ 2 rdamedia

45. Carrier Type RDA 3.3.1.1 Carrier Type [338] is a categorization reflecting the format of the storage medium and housing of a carrier in combination with the type of intermediation device required to view, play, run, etc., the content of a resource. For an updated list of controlled vocabulary for carrier types, see: http://www.loc.gov/standards/valuelist/marccarrier.html

46. 3.3.1.3 Recording Carrier Type Audio carriers audio cartridge audio cylinder audio disc audio roll audiocassette audiotape reel sound-track reel Unmediated carriers card flipchart object roll sheet volume Video carriers video cartridge videocassette videodisc videotape reel Computer carriers computer card computer chip cartridge computer disc computer disc cartridge computer tape cartridge computer tape cassette computer tape reel online resource Microform carriers aperture card microfiche microfiche cassette microfilm cartridge microfilm cassette microfilm reel microfilm roll microfilm slip microopaque Projected image carriers film cartridge film cassette film reel film roll filmslip filmstrip filmstrip cartridge overhead transparency slide

47. What is the carrier type for a book?

48. 338 Carrier Type for a Book? 338 volume ǂ 2 rdacarrier And if it is an ebook: 338 online resource ǂ 2 rdacarrier

49. RDA 336-338 for a Book 300 xii, 283 pages : ǂ b illustrations ; ǂ c 24 cm 336 text ǂ 2 rdacontent 337 unmediated ǂ 2 rdamedia 338 volume ǂ 2 rdacarrier

50. RDA 336-338 for an Ebook 300 1 online resource (xii, 283 pages) : ǂ b illustrations 336 text ǂ 2 rdacontent 337 computer ǂ 2 rdamedia 338 online resource ǂ 2 rdacarrier

51. RDA 336-338 for a Score 300 1 score (vi, 52 pages) ; ǂ c 30 cm 336 notated music ǂ 2 rdacontent 337 unmediated ǂ 2 rdamedia 338 volume ǂ 2 rdacarrier

52. RDA 336-338 for a DVD 300 4 videodiscs (411 minutes) : ǂ b sound, color with black & white sequences ; ǂ c 4 3/4 in. 336 two-dimensional moving image ǂ b tdi ǂ 2 rdacontent 337 video ǂ b v ǂ 2 rdamedia 338 videodisc ǂ b vd ǂ 2 rdacarrier Note: One may use the ǂ a (the controlled vocabulary) and/or the ǂ b (code), as in this example. (For now, at least use the ǂ a.) 3/4

53. RDA 336-338 for a music CD 300 1 audio disc (50 min.) ; ǂ c 4 3/4 in. 336 performed music ǂ 2 rdacontent 337 audio ǂ 2 rdamedia 338 audio disc ǂ 2 rdacarrier

54. RDA 336-338 for a map 300 4 maps on 1 sheet : ǂ b both sides, color ; ǂ c 73 x 67 cm or smaller, sheet 100 x 69 cm, folded to 23 x 11 cm 336 cartographic image ǂ 2 rdacontent 337 unmediated ǂ 2 rdamedia 338 sheet ǂ 2 rdacarrier

55. RDA 336-338 for Tall Paul 300 1 model (20 pieces) : ǂ b plastic, color ; ǂ c 85 x 33 x 21 cm + ǂ e 1 guide 336 three-dimensional form ǂ 2 rdacontent 336 text ǂ 2 rdacontent 337 unmediated ǂ 2 rdamedia 338 object ǂ 2 rdacarrier 338volume ǂ 2 rdacarrier Note: It is possible to have many repeating 336-338s, depending on need.

56. My personal problem with 336 – 338 » not meant for human eyes 336 three-dimensional form ǂ 2 rdacontent 336 text ǂ 2 rdacontent 337 unmediated ǂ 2 rdamedia 338 object ǂ 2 rdacarrier 338volume ǂ 2 rdacarrier How does this the 336-338 tell us What we are looking at?

57. A Solution for the TRC Objects … Adding a URL link to a photograph of the object, so that the user can actually see the photograph of what the record is representing. COOL!

58. RDA Bibliographic Record Differences: Will gives us the ability to connect with other metadata communities Inching toward linked data … which promises to give us an on ramp into the semantic web

59. RDA Bibliographic Record Differences: Some major changes to access points, e.g., Bible and Dept. headings Greater emphasis on relationships and roles Potential for more useful authority data elements to be recorded, such as gender, occupation, field of activity, language of the person, etc.

60. RDA Bibliographic Record Examples And three others Spelled out Relationship designator From the Madden Library Catalog No GMD

61. From Stanford University Libraries’ catalog (slide from Susan) Wynne) Role/relationship explicitly stated “pages” spelled out, not abbreviated “p.”

62. From Stanford University Libraries’ catalog (Slide from Susan Wynne) RDA allows inclusion of titles, affiliations, etc. in SOR

63. These phrases replace Latin abbreviations S.l. and s.n. AACR2 reminder: S.l. = sine loco, meaning "without place“; s.n. = sine nomine, meaning "without a name" … who but librarians knew what these ever meant, anyway? From WorldCat.org (Slide from Susan Wynne)

64. No GMD  URL to photo From the Madden Library Catalog

65. Searching OCLC for RDA records You can find RDA records in OCLC by using dx:rda in a command line search. Examples: dx:rda and mt:map and California (for CA maps) dx:rda and mt:sco and Mozart (for Mozart scores) dx:rda and mt:elc and Shakespeare (ebooks with Shakespeare) Other mt codes that match up to content, media, and carrier types are found here: http://www.oclc.org/support/documentation/worldcat/searchin g/searchworldcatindexes/default.htm#RDAtermsandcodes http://www.oclc.org/support/documentation/worldcat/searchin g/searchworldcatindexes/default.htm#RDAtermsandcodes

66. The change to RDA is just a first baby step to where we want to go … the real paradigm shift will happen when we move to Bibframe, the replacement for MARC, and then begin to move our library data into the semantic web.

67. Acknowledgements Thank you to the following for the use of presentations in creating a new work! Frank, Paul. FRBR in Action, or, How Did RDA End Up Like This? (ppt) AALL Annual Conference, 2012. Oliver, Chris. What is RDA and Why Do I need to Know? (ppt) CLA Montreal Chapter, 2011. Robare, Lori. RDA for the Non-Cataloger: What’s In It for You? (webinar) ALCTS RDA Webinar Series, October 31, 2012. Wynne, Susan. Susan Wynne. RDA and AAR2: What’s the Difference? (webinar) 2011. Wynne, Susan. RDA for Non-Catalogers. (ppt) GSU Library, 2012. Plus, Adam Schiff (University of Washington), Bob Maxwell (Brigham Young University), and John Myers (Union College) and others on RDA-L, from which I am constantly seeking answers!

68. Archived Webinars and Resources Brenndorfer, Thomas. RDA in Ten Easy Steps, ALCTS Webinar, Fall 2012. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3hafSNH_3A&feat ure=youtu.be Schiff, Adam. Changes from AACR2 to RDA, part 1 (description) http://www.ala.org/alcts/confevents/upcoming/webinar /cat/020211 Updated slides as of July 2012: http://faculty.washington.edu/aschiff/UW2012Presentat ion-Part1-Notes.pdf

69. Nimsakont, Emily Durst. RDA: Are We There Yet? Webinar (Sept. 2012) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZHd1UO_asDk Other Recommended Resources: RDA in Brief by Mark Ehlert, Minitext, 2013. (This is a document, not a webinar.) Mark has created a “brief” table of what each field looked like in AACR2, what it looks like in RDA, and notes. This is a great cheat sheet! (Although, it is 62 pages and growing … so much for brevity!) (I have this bookmarked because I refer back to it so often!) https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B17huW4VEcKeUjJTMnc4WWN 1LTg/edit

70. Other Recommended Resources: PCC 264 Guidelines (Document, not a webinar.) The Library of Congress has made most all of its own training materials available here (this is a very rich site): http://www.loc.gov/catworkshop/RDA%20training%20materials/ LC%20RDA%20Training/LC%20RDA%20course%20table.html http://www.loc.gov/catworkshop/RDA%20training%20materials/ LC%20RDA%20Training/LC%20RDA%20course%20table.html

71. … Questions? The End