1. Topic: The Endocrine System AIM: What is the function of the Endocrine System? Do Now: What is the function of the autonomic nervous system?

2. What is the Endocrine System? System of glands that release chemical messengers called HORMONESSystem of glands that release chemical messengers called HORMONES

3. What are hormones? Chemical messengersChemical messengers Regulate body functions and cyclesRegulate body functions and cycles Hormones travel in the bloodstreamHormones travel in the bloodstream They can speed up or slow down certain body activitiesThey can speed up or slow down certain body activities

4. Topic: The Endocrine System AIM: What are endocrine glands? Do Now: How do hormones get around the body?

5. Topic: The Endocrine System AIM: What are endocrine glands? Do Now: Take your quiz.

6. What glands are part of the endocrine system? Pituitary glandPituitary gland HypothalamusHypothalamus Thyroid glandThyroid gland Parathyroid glandsParathyroid glands ThymusThymus Adrenal glandsAdrenal glands Islets of LangerhansIslets of Langerhans Testes/OvariesTestes/Ovaries

7. What is the Pituitary Gland? Size of a peaSize of a pea Located in the brain, behind the noseLocated in the brain, behind the nose Known as the “master gland” because it controls other endocrine glands with hormonesKnown as the “master gland” because it controls other endocrine glands with hormones

8. What is the Hypothalamus? Tiny gland located at the base of the brainTiny gland located at the base of the brain Major link between nervous and endocrine systemsMajor link between nervous and endocrine systems Produces hormones that help turn all other endocrine glands on or offProduces hormones that help turn all other endocrine glands on or off

9. The Pituitary & Hypothalamus

10. What is the Thyroid Gland? Found in the neck, just below the larynxFound in the neck, just below the larynx Secretes a hormone that controls metabolismSecretes a hormone that controls metabolism

11. What are the Parathyroid Glands? There are FOUR parathyroid glands, which are embedded in the thyroid glandThere are FOUR parathyroid glands, which are embedded in the thyroid gland Release a hormone that controls the amount of calcium in the blood and bodyRelease a hormone that controls the amount of calcium in the blood and body

12. What is the Thymus? Located behind the breastboneLocated behind the breastbone Larger in infants, and shrinks as you get olderLarger in infants, and shrinks as you get older Secretes a hormone that isSecretes a hormone that is responsible for development and immunity

13. Topic: The Endocrine System AIM: What is negative feedback? Do Now: Where can you find the pituitary and hypothalamus? What does the thyroid regulate?

14. What are the Adrenal Glands? Located on top of each kidneyLocated on top of each kidney Produce a hormone called ADRENALINE at times of stressProduce a hormone called ADRENALINE at times of stress Adrenaline increases breathing rate, heart rate, and blood pressureAdrenaline increases breathing rate, heart rate, and blood pressure

15. Topic: The Endocrine System AIM: What is negative feedback? Do Now: Explain how adrenaline affects the body?

16. What are the Islets of Langerhans? Group of cells located on the pancreasGroup of cells located on the pancreas Produce two hormones:Produce two hormones: –Insulin – lowers blood sugar levels –Glucagon – raises blood sugar levels Together, insulin and glucagon level the amount of sugar in the bloodTogether, insulin and glucagon level the amount of sugar in the blood

17. What are the Ovaries and Testes? Ovaries – female sex gland that controls female secondary sex characteristicsOvaries – female sex gland that controls female secondary sex characteristics Secrete 2 hormones called estrogen & progesteroneSecrete 2 hormones called estrogen & progesterone Testes – male sex gland that controls male secondary sex characteristicsTestes – male sex gland that controls male secondary sex characteristics Secrete a hormone called testosteroneSecrete a hormone called testosterone

18. What is Negative Feedback? Mechanism that controls the release of hormones in the bodyMechanism that controls the release of hormones in the body Works like a thermostatWorks like a thermostat A hormone can cause the release or stop the release of another hormoneA hormone can cause the release or stop the release of another hormone Ex: insulin and glucagonEx: insulin and glucagon

19. How are the nervous and endocrine systems related? Nervous system detects stimuliNervous system detects stimuli Glands of the endocrine system are effectorsGlands of the endocrine system are effectors Glands release hormones which cause responses to various stimuliGlands release hormones which cause responses to various stimuli Nervous and endocrine system work together to control body activitiesNervous and endocrine system work together to control body activities

20. Topic: The Endocrine System AIM: How can we review for the exam? Do Now: Complete handout.

21. Stop! Lets see how much we know about the endocrine system. Stop! Lets see how much we know about the endocrine system.