1. Dissection Guide to the Rat
The Norway rat
(Rattus norvegicus)

2. Rat Dissection Scientific Name: Rattus norvegicus Common Name: Rat
RATS
Scientific Name: Rattus norvegicus
Common Name: Rat
Kingdom- Animalia
Phylum- Chordata
Subphylum- Vertebrata
Class- Mammalia
Order- Rodentia
Family: Muridae

4. Anatomical Terms Cranial-toward the head Caudal-toward the tail
Dorsal-toward the backbone
Ventral-toward the belly side
Lateral-toward the side
Medial-toward the middle
Proximal: closer to the the base of a structure
Distal: farther away from a structure

5. External Anatomy The body is long and cylindrical:
Head, neck, trunk, anterior limbs, posterior limbs, tail.

6. External Anatomy
Head: eyes, nostrils, external ears (auriculars), mouth, whiskers.
Neck: (head , trunk).
Trunk: (thorax, abdomen).
Ant. limbs: 4 digits
Post. limbs: 5 digits

7. Male External Features:

8. Female External Features:

9. Diastema
Mouth Cavity
Cleft lib
Rhinarium

10. Mouth Cavity

11. Rat Dissecting Process:

12. Rat Dissection
REMOVING SKIN X

13. Rat Dissection
REMOVING SKIN 

14. Rat Dissection
REMOVING SKIN

15. Internal Anatomy

16. Rat Dissection
Lesson One
Digestive System

17. Rat Dissection
ORAL CAVITY

18. Rat Dissection
ORAL CAVITY

19. Rat Dissection
ABDOMINAL CAVITY

20. Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS

21. Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS

22. Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS

23. Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS

24. Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS

25. Appendix
Colon
Ileum
Cecum
Duodenum
Stomach
Esophagus

26. 

28. Rat Dissection
Lesson Two
Urinogenital System

29. Rat Dissection
EXCRETORY ORGANS

30. Rat Dissection
UROGENITAL ORGANS

32. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
Rat Dissection
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
Stomach
Kidney
Ovary
Oviduct
Uterine Horn
Rectum
Urinary Bladder

33. 

35. MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
Rat Dissection
MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
1. Coagulating Gland
2. Urinary Bladder
3. Vas Deferens
4. Epididymis
5. Small Intestines
6. Seminal Vesicle
7. Prostate Gland
8. Penis
9. Testis
10.Scrotum

39. 

40. 

41. Key words and Functions:
Seminal vesicle: secrete thick liquid to transport sperms.
Coagulating gland: is to secrete fluids to form the copulatory plug to help ensure fertilization.
Prostate gland: secrets thin alkaline solution.
Vas deferens: transportation, ejaculation.
Epididymis: transportation, maturation, ejac.

42. Cowper’s gland: secretions may lubricate, flush out urine or form gelatinous plug.
The preputial glands: produce pheromones.
The preputial glands of female animals are sometimes called clitoral glands.
Testis: sperm production.
Penis: Copulation.
Scrotum: protection.

43. Rat Dissection
Lesson Three
Circulatory System

44. Rat Dissection
HEART

45. Blue is deoxygenated blood (from the body, going to the lungs)
To LUNGS
To BODY
From BODY
To LUNGS
From LUNGS
From LUNGS
From BODY
Blue is deoxygenated blood (from the body, going to the lungs)
Red is oxygenated blood (from the lungs, going to the body)
Arteries are thick walled
Veins are thin walled

46. Rat Dissection
THORACIC CAVITY
Trachea
Heart
Lung
Diaphragm

47. Rat Dissection
RESPIRATORY ORGANS
Esophagus
Carotid
Jugular

48. Rat Dissection
HEART + LUNGS

49. Arterial System 

50. 

53. Rat Thoracic Arteries
Rat Dissection

54. Venous System 

55. Venous System 

56. 

59. Rat Dissection THORACIC CAVITY

60. Rat Dissection
Rat Abdominal Cavity

61. ABDOMINAL CIRCULATION
Rat Dissection
ABDOMINAL CIRCULATION
1. Abdominal Aorta
2. Renal Artery (left)
3. Renal Vein (left)
4. Inferior Vena Cava
5. Hepatic Portal Vein

62. Rat Dissection
Lesson Four
Endocrine System

64. Rat Dissection
Lesson Five
Nervous System

65. Organizational Levels of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System (CNS): Brain and Spinal Cord Control and Integration Center
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): Nerves from brain and spinal cord Communication lines between CNS and rest of body
Motor (efferent) Division Motor Neurons Sends stimulus from CNS to muscles (and glands)
Sensory (afferent) Division Body Receptors Sends stimulus from receptors to CNS
Autonomic Nervous System Involuntary Control Conducts impulses from the CNS to involuntary muscles
Somatic Nervous System Voluntary Control Sends stimulus from CNS to skeletal muscles
Sympathetic Division Fight or Flight Mobilizes involuntary systems during emergencies
Parasympathetic Division Resting and Digesting Promotes non-emergency involuntary functioning

66. medulla oblongata

67. Nervous System

69. Rat Dissection
Lesson Six
Skeletal System