1. The War at Sea Aim: To investigate the Battle of Jutland and the use of submarines and convoys. To decide how successful Jutland and U-boats were. Match up the key terms with the definitions and write them out: Key TermDefinition SubmarineTo stop goods getting through U-BoatAmerican ship sunk by a German submarine in 1915 ConvoyPeople not getting enough food or the right sort of food to stay healthy BlockadeShort for Unterseeboot (under sea boat in German) Unrestricted submarine warfareUnderwater boat MalnutritionNo limits on the use of submarines to sink ships LusitaniaNaval ships escorted supply ships 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 56 6 7 7

2. Use page 103 to plot on your map the main sea battles and explain what happened. Include: British Channel Fleet (based in English Channel) Grand Fleet based at Scapa Flow Heligoland - August 1914 Dogger Bank - January 1915 Chile - November 1914 Falkland Islands - December 1914 Questions 1. Why did the battle of Coronel worry the British people? (page 103) 2. How did the British blockade of Germany work? 3. How did it weaken Germany? 4.How was the German blockade of Britain different? (page 104) 5.What was the impact of the sinking of the Lusitania? Extension Answer the questions in the things to do box at the bottom of page 106

3. Main battles at sea in WW1

4. Falkland Islands – December 1914. British navy led by Admiral Fisher beat German navy led by von Spee. 1 st November 1914 – German fleet beat a small British fleet at Coronel, off the coast of Chile British Channel Fleet – tried to control the exits from the North Sea Scapa Flow – Grand Fleet patrolled the North Sea Dogger Bank January 1915 – British sunk German ship ‘Blucher’ Heligoland August 1914 – British sunk three German ships

6. Battle of Jutland – 31 st May and 1 st June 1916 Read through your Battle of Jutland cards. Sort them into two categories: British VictoriesGerman Victories

7. Battle of Jutland – 31 st May and 1 st June Read through your Battle of Jutland cards. Sort them into two categories: British VictoriesGerman Victories British fleet trapped the German fleetBritish shells were faulty – they broke up when they hit the German ships Germans retreated to home waters and stayed in port for the rest of the war Germans escaped at night Germany lost 11 shipsBritain lost 14 ships Germany lost 2,500 menBritain lost 6,000 men German navy mutinied in 1918Germans had better armed ships Germans had more reliable weapons British Grand Fleet had to stay on guard in the North Sea – couldn’t be used against the u-boats

8. Write a paragraph to explain who won the Battle of Jutland. Use your cards to help….. Include these key terms: Fleetshellsescapedretreat 14112,5006,000 Grand Fleetu-boatsmutiniedNorth Sea You can use this writing frame if you like: The Battle of Jutland happened on… The British fleet captured… But the Germans… They had better… The British navy said they had won because they… The German navy said they had won because they… Overall, I think the winners were… because…

9. Use the information on pages 106-107 to draw out and complete this table: German U-Boat Successes British Successes AGAINST U-Boats Extension How successful, on a scale of 1-10 (10 being really successful) was the British response to German U-boats?

10. Use the information on pages 106-107 to draw out and complete this table: German U-Boat Successes British Successes AGAINST U-Boats April 1917, Britain only had 6 weeks food left January 1917, Allied losses at sea were 386,000 tons April 1917 – rose to 881,000 tons. Britain had to introduce rationing in April 1918. Germans stopped unrestricted submarine warfare 1915-17 Armed convoys from April 1917 Warships used depth charges against U- boats Q ships were camouflaged to confused the U-boats. Submarine nets and floodlights in Dover Straits U-Boats couldn’t use the Channel – had to travel around Scotland. Mines destroyed 20 U-boats in 1917. Surface patrols destroyed 16 U-boats. Q ships destroyed 6 U-boats. In 1918 convoy escorts and surface ships destroyed 34 U-boats. Mines destroyed 18. Submarine warfare harmed America’s shipping and led to them joining the war.

11. Battleship (Dreadnought) Q-Ship - a disguised battleship, so German submarines would be ‘surprised’

12. Study the graphs at the bottom of page 107. Write a paragraph to explain what they tell you about U-boats and their successes. You can use this writing frame if you like: Germany increased its U-boats from….. In 1915 to …… in 1918. There was a big increase in U-boats between… and …. This is because…. Most British shipping was lost in… This is because…

13. Divide a page in half – one half for Jutland and the other for submarines/ u-boats. Using only 5 words in each half, make a revision poster to show these two aspects of the war at sea.

14. Draw around your hand. In each finger and your thumb, write a fact about the war at sea. These should be the five most important facts from the lesson. Be ready to share your ideas with the class. Gimme Five