2. 34 Eyewitness Accounts 1.Pros 2.Cons 3.How can observation skills be improved? 4.What is facial recognition and how is it used? Summary: Bulletize answers as they appear in the presentation Write a 1-2 sentence summary on this topic.

3. +Helps investigators narrow down their investigation (leads) - Not physical evidence -Not viewed to be highly reliable, humans make mistakes -Reports from individuals about crime- scene events often vary. Eyewitness Accounts Pros & Cons

4. Eyewitness Accounts Reports from individuals about crime-scene events often vary. Eyewitness accounts depend on: – The level of interest, stress, concentration, and the amount and kind of distractions present, their positions, line of sight, familiarity with the area, and other factors that can interfere with a person’s ability to remember details. – Prejudices, personal beliefs, motives, and any lapse in time since the occurrence can also have an affect.

8. What Is Observation? Our brains can filter out information. Our brains fill in gaps in our perception. In order to make sense of what we perceive, our brains often enrich with detail what we see, taste, hear, smell, or feel. After an event, we can believe things were part of the background even though they were not. Our brains apply previous knowledge to new situations.

9. Neuroscience for Kids - http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/puzmatch1.html Items to remember...

10. What do you remember? You have two minutes to list as many of the items as you can! How did you do? 20 -      15-19 -     10-14 -    5-9 -   4 or less – Wake up!

12. Observations in Forensics Study situations Find clues in ordinary details Work backwards from the evidence to what led up to the crime (deductive reasoning) Be patient Practice

13. READY?

14. PICTURE 1 14

15. Questions 1.At what location was the photograph taken? 2.How many cars are pictured? 3.What color are the cars? 4. What types of offices are located in the building? 5. How many small trees are in the picture? 6.The photograph was taken in New York State during which season? 7.How many people are in the photograph?

16. READY?

17. PICTURE 2 17

18. Questions 1.What is pictured in Photograph 2? 2.Describe the shape of the object pictured. 3.What are the colors of the object? 4.What color edged the top of the object? 5.Upon what is the object displayed? 6.Describe or sketch the design on the object. 7.What is the approximate size of the object?

19. READY?

20. PICTURE 2 20

21. Questions 1.How many people are in Photograph 3? 2.What is the sex of the person in the picture? 3.What is the approximate age of the person in the photograph? 4.What color is the person’s hair? 5.Does the person have long hair or short hair? 6.Does the person have any distinguishing features? Glasses? 7.Can you describe the person’s clothing? 8.Can you describe where the picture was taken? 9.Based on evidence in the photograph, can you form a hypothesis about the person’s occupation? 10.Is it possible to identify the interests of the person based on evidence in the room?

22. Facial Composites Used internally to assist officers in identifying the suspect Used externally through local media (radio, TV, and newspaper) to solicit leads from citizens.

23. Facial Composites The shape of the face The shape of the jaw The shape of the eyes The shape of the nose The width of the neck The shape & protrusion of the ears The presence of facial piercing The presence of facial hair, its color, & location The presence of facial markings, such as scars or tattoos Forehead or other facial lines The presence of eyeglasses or sunglasses The length, color, & texture of the person’s hair You will have a chance to try to create a facial composite. You will need to pay close attention to the following features: