Nothing’s Changed Tatamkhulu Afrika

Nothing’s Changed Tatamkhulu Afrika
Note: This will be the exam poem for the Mid-Term exams.

Port Jackson Willow alien species and don't belong there so can be seen as a metaphor for the black community and or the inn not belonging there.

Starter Write down what you know about ‘Apartheid’.
Nothing’s Changed Starter Write down what you know about ‘Apartheid’.

Starter - What was apartheid?
Nothing’s Changed Starter - What was apartheid? Apartheid was a system of racial segregation in South Africa enforced through legislation by the National Party governments, the ruling party from 1948 to 1994, under which the rights, associations, and movements of the majority black inhabitants were curtailed and Afrikaner minority rule was maintained. Under the Apartheid system citizens of South Africa were divided into 3 separate groups: White Black Indian Coloured And inter-racial relationships were against the law. Although the poet was white, he chose to have himself classified as ‘coloured’ in solidarity with the majority population of South Africa.

Starter - What apartheid meant in practice?
Nothing’s Changed Starter - What apartheid meant in practice? Apartheid was the South African government policy of racial segregation. Under apartheid black and white people were not allowed to mix. Cities were split into ‘Black’, ‘White’, ‘Indian’ and ‘Coloured’ districts, with the best areas reserved for white people and the worst allocated to black people. Apartheid affected every aspect of life. Interracial marriage or sexual relations were made illegal. Schools, swimming pools, cinemas, even pedestrian crossings and ambulances were designated as ‘whites only’ or ‘blacks only’. Black people were denied voting rights and were often treated with great brutality by the police and security forces. Many people who opposed the system were tortured or killed. Apartheid was condemned by the international community and sanctions were imposed against South Africa from the 1970s onwards. Despite this the policy did not come to an end until 1993.

Copy the definition of Apartheid.
Nothing’s Changed Mini Task 1 Copy the definition of Apartheid. Apartheid was a system of racial segregation used in South Africa from 1948 to 1994 which curtailed the rights of the majority black inhabitants and maintained Afrikaner minority rule. Under the Apartheid system citizens of South Africa were divided into 3 separate groups, white, black & coloured.

Nothing’s Changed Learning Objectives
As we study this poem you will learn: The story of the poem Apartheid in South Africa More about the terms, Metaphor, Personnification, Assonance, Tone & Imagery. You will also complete some mini tasks, a quiz and an assignment on the poem.

Common Core Objectives - 1
In these lessons we will continue learning how to: Cite textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says. (Quote!) [CC R.L.1] Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze it in detail. [CC.9-10.R.L.2] Provide an objective summary of the text. [CC.9-10.R.L.2] Analyze how complex characters interact with others and advance the plot or develop the theme over the course of a text. [CC.9-10.R.L.3] Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in the text. [CC.9-10.R.L.4 ] Analyze how structure contributes to the overall meaning and aesthetic impact of the work. [CC R.L.5] Analyze a text to determine symbolism, irony, metaphor and subtext. [CC R.L.6]

In these lessons we will continue learning how to: Read closely to determine what the text says and make logical inferences from it citing specific textual evidence to support conclusions drawn from the text. [CC.K-12.R.R.1] Determine central ideas or themes of a text analyzing and summarising their development. [CC.K-12.R.R.2] Analyze how and why individuals, events, and ideas develop and interact over the course of a text. [CC.K-12.R.R.3] Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone. [CC.K-12.R.R.4] Analyze the structure of texts, including how specific sentences, paragraphs, and larger portions of the text relate to each other and to the whole. [CC.K-12.R.R.5] Assess how point of view or purpose shapes the content and style of a text. [CC.K-12.R.R.6]

In Writing the assignment on this poem we will: Write a clear and precise narrative which develops real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences. [CC.9-10.W.3 & CC.9-10.W.4 ] Engage and orient the reader by setting out a problem, situation, or observation, establishing one or multiple points of view, and introducing a narrator and/or characters to create a smooth progression of experiences or events. [CC.9-10.W.3.a] Use precise words and phrases, details, and sensory language to convey a vivid picture of the experiences, events, setting, and characters. [CC.9-10.W.3.d] Provide a conclusion that reflects on what is experienced, observed, or resolved over the course of the narrative. [CC.9-10.W.3.e] Develop and strengthen writing by planning, revising, editing, rewriting, to focus on addressing what is most significant for a specific purpose and audience. [CC.9-10.W.5]

In Writing the assignment on this poem we will: Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking. [CC L.1 & CC L.1.a] Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, hyphenation, and spelling when writing. [CC L.2, CC L.2.a & CC L.2.b] Apply knowledge of language to vary syntax for effect and to help understand how language functions in different contexts. [CC L.3 & CC L.3.a] Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown words and phrases. [CC L.4] Use context as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase. [CC L.4.a] Identify and correctly use patterns of word changes that indicate different meanings or parts of speech. [CC L.4.b] Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings. [CC L.5] Interpret figures of speech (e.g., hyperbole, paradox) in context and analyze their role in the text. [CC L.5.a]

Mini Task 2 Briefly write down what happens in the poem.
Nothing’s Changed The Story of the Poem Down the road, working man's cafe sells bunny chows. Take it with you, eat it at a plastic table's top, wipe your fingers on your jeans, spit a little on the floor: it's in the bone. I back from the glass, boy again, leaving small mean O of small, mean mouth. Hands burn for a stone, a bomb, to shiver down the glass. Nothing's changed. Small round hard stones click under my heels, seeding grasses thrust bearded seeds into trouser cuffs, cans, trodden on, crunch in tall, purple-flowering, amiable weeds. District Six. No board says it is: but my feet know, and my hands, and the skin about my bones, and the soft labouring of my lungs, and the hot, white, inwards turning anger of my eyes. Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees: new, up-market, haute cuisine, guard at the gatepost, whites only inn. No sign says it is: but we know where we belong. I press my nose to the clear panes, know, before I see them, there will be crushed ice white glass, linen falls, the single rose. Mini Task 2 Briefly write down what happens in the poem.

Mini Task 2 Briefly write down what happens in the poem.
Nothing’s Changed The Story of the Poem Mini Task 2 Briefly write down what happens in the poem. The poet is walking across the wasteland that District Six has now become. He knew this area as a boy and the destruction of District 6 that he sees in front of him makes him angry. He sees a new up-market restaurant that has been built there and approaches it. He sees that there are guards on the gate, that the restaurant is spotlessly clean and he knows that as a black man he will not be welcome there; and that he is only worthy of eating in a cheap working men’s café. The injustice of this makes him angry and he is reminded of the injustice he felt when he was a boy which makes him feel like he wants to destroy the restaurant because he feels nothing has changed.

Mini Task 3 How is the poem structured?
Nothing’s Changed Structure Down the road, working man's cafe sells bunny chows. Take it with you, eat it at a plastic table's top, wipe your fingers on your jeans, spit a little on the floor: it's in the bone. I back from the glass, boy again, leaving small mean O of small, mean mouth. Hands burn for a stone, a bomb, to shiver down the glass. Nothing's changed. Small round hard stones click under my heels, seeding grasses thrust bearded seeds into trouser cuffs, cans, trodden on, crunch in tall, purple-flowering, amiable weeds. District Six. No board says it is: but my feet know, and my hands, and the skin about my bones, and the soft labouring of my lungs, and the hot, white, inwards turning anger of my eyes. Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees: new, up-market, haute cuisine, guard at the gatepost, whites only inn. No sign says it is: but we know where we belong. I press my nose to the clear panes, know, before I see them, there will be crushed ice white glass, linen falls, the single rose. Mini Task 3 How is the poem structured?

Nothing’s Changed Structure Mini Task 3 - How is the poem structured?
Down the road, working man's cafe sells bunny chows. Take it with you, eat it at a plastic table's top, wipe your fingers on your jeans, spit a little on the floor: it's in the bone. I back from the glass, boy again, leaving small mean O of small, mean mouth. Hands burn for a stone, a bomb, to shiver down the glass. Nothing's changed. Small round hard stones click under my heels, seeding grasses thrust bearded seeds into trouser cuffs, cans, trodden on, crunch in tall, purple-flowering, amiable weeds. District Six. No board says it is: but my feet know, and my hands, and the skin about my bones, and the soft labouring of my lungs, and the hot, white, inwards turning anger of my eyes. Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees: new, up-market, haute cuisine, guard at the gatepost, whites only inn. No sign says it is: but we know where we belong. I press my nose to the clear panes, know, before I see them, there will be crushed ice white glass, linen falls, the single rose. Mini Task 3 - How is the poem structured? The poem is composed of 7 Stanzas most having 8 lines but 3 having different numbers of lines [8,8, 8, 2, 6, 8, 7]. Line length is also uneven, ranging from 3 to 8 syllables. There is no formal rhyme scheme but several stanzas contain rhymes/chimes. There are also several examples of alliteration and repetition.

Count the line length of the stanza you have been given.
Nothing’s Changed Structure Down the road, working man's cafe sells bunny chows. Take it with you, eat it at a plastic table's top, wipe your fingers on your jeans, spit a little on the floor: it's in the bone. I back from the glass, boy again, leaving small mean O of small, mean mouth. Hands burn for a stone, a bomb, to shiver down the glass. Nothing's changed. Small round hard stones click under my heels, seeding grasses thrust bearded seeds into trouser cuffs, cans, trodden on, crunch in tall, purple-flowering, amiable weeds. District Six. No board says it is: but my feet know, and my hands, and the skin about my bones, and the soft labouring of my lungs, and the hot, white, inwards turning anger of my eyes. Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees: new, up-market, haute cuisine, guard at the gatepost, whites only inn. No sign says it is: but we know where we belong. I press my nose to the clear panes, know, before I see them, there will be crushed ice white glass, linen falls, the single rose. Mini Task 4 Count the line length of the stanza you have been given.

Count the line length of the stanza you have been given.
Nothing’s Changed Structure Down the road, 3 working man's cafe sells 5 bunny chows. 3 Take it with you, eat 5 it at a plastic table's top, 8 wipe your fingers on your jeans, 7 spit a little on the floor: 7 it's in the bone.4 I back from the glass, boy again, 8 leaving small mean O 5 of small, mean mouth. 4 Hands burn 2 for a stone, a bomb, 5 to shiver down the glass. 6 Nothing's changed. 3 Brash with glass, 3 name flaring like a flag, 6 it squats 2 in the grass and weeds, 5 incipient Port Jackson trees: 8 new, up-market, haute cuisine, 7 guard at the gatepost, 5 whites only inn. 4 No sign says it is: 5 but we know where we belong. 7 I press my nose 4 to the clear panes, know, 5 before I see them, there will be 8 crushed ice white glass, 4 linen falls, 3 the single rose. 3 Small round hard stones click 5 under my heels, 4 seeding grasses thrust 5 bearded seeds 3 into trouser cuffs, cans, 6 trodden on, crunch 4 in tall, purple-flowering, 6 amiable weeds. 5 District Six. 3 No board says it is: 5 but my feet know, 4 and my hands, 3 and the skin about my bones, 6 and the soft labouring of my lungs, 8 and the hot, white, inwards turning 8 anger of my eyes. 5 Mini Task 4 Count the line length of the stanza you have been given.

Put the enjambments into the stanza you have been given.
Nothing’s Changed Structure Down the road, working man's cafe sells bunny chows. Take it with you, eat it at a plastic table's top, wipe your fingers on your jeans, spit a little on the floor: it's in the bone. I back from the glass, boy again, leaving small mean O of small, mean mouth. Hands burn for a stone, a bomb, to shiver down the glass. Nothing's changed. Small round hard stones click under my heels, seeding grasses thrust bearded seeds into trouser cuffs, cans, trodden on, crunch in tall, purple-flowering, amiable weeds. District Six. No board says it is: but my feet know, and my hands, and the skin about my bones, and the soft labouring of my lungs, and the hot, white, inwards turning anger of my eyes. Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees: new, up-market, haute cuisine, guard at the gatepost, whites only inn. No sign says it is: but we know where we belong. I press my nose to the clear panes, know, before I see them, there will be crushed ice white glass, linen falls, the single rose. Mini Task 5 Put the enjambments into the stanza you have been given. .

Put the enjambments into the stanza you have been given.
Nothing’s Changed Structure Down the road, working man's cafe sells  bunny chows. Take it with you, eat  it at a plastic table's top, wipe your fingers on your jeans, spit a little on the floor: it's in the bone. I back from the glass, boy again, leaving small mean O  of small, mean mouth. Hands burn  for a stone, a bomb, to shiver down the glass. Nothing's changed. Small round hard stones click  under my heels, seeding grasses thrust  bearded seeds  into trouser cuffs, cans, trodden on, crunch  in tall, purple-flowering, amiable weeds. District Six. No board says it is: but my feet know, and my hands, and the skin about my bones, and the soft labouring of my lungs, and the hot, white, inwards turning  anger of my eyes. Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats  in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees: new, up-market, haute cuisine, guard at the gatepost, whites only inn. No sign says it is: but we know where we belong. I press my nose  to the clear panes, know, before I see them, there will be  crushed ice white glass, linen falls, the single rose. Mini Task 5 Put the enjambments into the stanza you have been given.

Highlight/Underline examples of Rhyme/Chime in the poem
Nothing’s Changed Structure Down the road, working man's cafe sells bunny chows. Take it with you, eat it at a plastic table's top, wipe your fingers on your jeans, spit a little on the floor: it's in the bone. I back from the glass, boy again, leaving small mean O of small, mean mouth. Hands burn for a stone, a bomb, to shiver down the glass. Nothing's changed. Small round hard stones click under my heels, seeding grasses thrust bearded seeds into trouser cuffs, cans, trodden on, crunch in tall, purple-flowering, amiable weeds. District Six. No board says it is: but my feet know, and my hands, and the skin about my bones, and the soft labouring of my lungs, and the hot, white, inwards turning anger of my eyes. Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees: new, up-market, haute cuisine, guard at the gatepost, whites only inn. No sign says it is: but we know where we belong. I press my nose to the clear panes, know, before I see them, there will be crushed ice white glass, linen falls, the single rose. Mini Task 6 Highlight/Underline examples of Rhyme/Chime in the poem

Highlight/Underline examples of Rhyme/Chime in the poem
Nothing’s Changed Structure Down the road, working man's cafe sells bunny chows. Take it with you, eat it at a plastic table's top, wipe your fingers on your jeans, spit a little on the floor: it's in the bone. I back from the glass, boy again, leaving small mean O of small, mean mouth. Hands burn for a stone, a bomb, to shiver down the glass. Nothing's changed. Small round hard stones click under my heels, seeding grasses thrust bearded seeds into trouser cuffs, cans, trodden on, crunch in tall, purple-flowering, amiable weeds. District Six. No board says it is: but my feet know, and my hands, and the skin about my bones, and the soft labouring of my lungs, and the hot, white, inwards turning anger of my eyes. Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees: new, up-market, haute cuisine, guard at the gatepost, whites only inn. No sign says it is: but we know where we belong. I press my nose to the clear panes, know, before I see them, there will be crushed ice white glass, linen falls, the single rose. Mini Task 6 Highlight/Underline examples of Rhyme/Chime in the poem .

Highlight/Underline examples of Repetition in the poem
Nothing’s Changed Structure Down the road, working man's cafe sells bunny chows. Take it with you, eat it at a plastic table's top, wipe your fingers on your jeans, spit a little on the floor: it's in the bone. I back from the glass, boy again, leaving small mean O of small, mean mouth. Hands burn for a stone, a bomb, to shiver down the glass. Nothing's changed. Small round hard stones click under my heels, seeding grasses thrust bearded seeds into trouser cuffs, cans, trodden on, crunch in tall, purple-flowering, amiable weeds. District Six. No board says it is: but my feet know, and my hands, and the skin about my bones, and the soft labouring of my lungs, and the hot, white, inwards turning anger of my eyes. Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees: new, up-market, haute cuisine, guard at the gatepost, whites only inn. No sign says it is: but we know where we belong. I press my nose to the clear panes, know, before I see them, there will be crushed ice white glass, linen falls, the single rose. Mini Task 7 Highlight/Underline examples of Repetition in the poem .

Highlight/Underline examples of Alliteration in the poem
Nothing’s Changed Structure Down the road, working man's cafe sells bunny chows. Take it with you, eat it at a plastic table's top, wipe your fingers on your jeans, spit a little on the floor: it's in the bone. I back from the glass, boy again, leaving small mean O of small, mean mouth. Hands burn for a stone, a bomb, to shiver down the glass. Nothing's changed. Small round hard stones click under my heels, seeding grasses thrust bearded seeds into trouser cuffs, cans, trodden on, crunch in tall, purple-flowering, amiable weeds. District Six. No board says it is: but my feet know, and my hands, and the skin about my bones, and the soft labouring of my lungs, and the hot, white, inwards turning anger of my eyes. Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees: new, up-market, haute cuisine, guard at the gatepost, whites only inn. No sign says it is: but we know where we belong. I press my nose to the clear panes, know, before I see them, there will be crushed ice white glass, linen falls, the single rose. Mini Task 8 Highlight/Underline examples of Alliteration in the poem

Nothing’s Changed Structure Mini Task 9
Down the road, working man's cafe sells bunny chows. Take it with you, eat it at a plastic table's top, wipe your fingers on your jeans, spit a little on the floor: it's in the bone. I back from the glass, boy again, leaving small mean O of small, mean mouth. Hands burn for a stone, a bomb, to shiver down the glass. Nothing's changed. Small round hard stones click under my heels, seeding grasses thrust bearded seeds into trouser cuffs, cans, trodden on, crunch in tall, purple-flowering, amiable weeds. District Six. No board says it is: but my feet know, and my hands, and the skin about my bones, and the soft labouring of my lungs, and the hot, white, inwards turning anger of my eyes. Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees: new, up-market, haute cuisine, guard at the gatepost, whites only inn. No sign says it is: but we know where we belong. I press my nose to the clear panes, know, before I see them, there will be crushed ice white glass, linen falls, the single rose. Mini Task 9 Why does the poet use 2 syllable/2 word lines and stanzas? Why does the poet use a 2 line stanza? What is the effect of the rhyme, enjambment, repetition and alliteration?

Nothing’s Changed Structure Mini Task 9
Why does the poet use 2 syllable/2 word lines? To draw our attention to them give them importance and help emphasis what he is thinking or feeling. Why does the poet use a 2 line stanza? To draw our attention to it and give it importance. This line is the centre of the poem and is a barrier between the ‘before’ and ‘after’ parts of the poem. It also reflects one of the central themes in the poem, displacement. What is the effect of the rhyme, enjambment, repetition and alliteration? They help to give the poem rhythm and change the pace/tone of the poem.

The Background to the poem
Nothing’s Changed The Background to the poem District 6

Nothing’s Changed District 6 -1
The area was named in 1867 as the Sixth Municipal District of Cape Town. By the turn of the century it was already a lively community made up of former slaves, artisans, merchants and other immigrants, as well as many Malay people brought to South Africa by the Dutch East India Company during its administration of the Cape Colony. It was home to almost a tenth of the city of Cape Town's population. Mini Task 10 – Summarize this slide.

Nothing’s Changed District 6 - 2
After World War II, during the earlier part of the apartheid era, District Six was relatively cosmopolitan. Situated within sight of the docks, it was largely made up of coloured residents which included a substantial number of Coloured Muslims, called Cape Malays. There was also a number of black Xhosa residents. There were also smaller numbers of Afrikaans, whites, and Indians. Mini Task 11 – Summarize this slide.

Government officials gave four primary reasons for the removals. In accordance with apartheid philosophy, it stated that interracial interaction bred conflict, necessitating the separation of the races. They deemed District Six a slum, fit only for clearance, not rehabilitation. They also portrayed the area as crime-ridden and dangerous; they claimed that the district was a vice den, full of immoral activities like gambling, drinking, and prostitution. Though these were the official reasons, most residents believed that the government sought the land because of its proximity to the city center, Table Mountain, and the harbor. Mini Task 12 – Summarize this slide. An ANC election poster, linking the rival party to the history of forced removals.

On 11 February 1966, the government declared District Six a whites-only area under the Group Areas Act, with removals starting in By 1982, more than 60,000 people had been relocated to the sandy, bleak Cape Flats township complex some 25 kilometers away. The old houses were bulldozed. The only buildings left standing were places of worship. Mini Task 12b – Summarize this slide.

Nothing’s Changed District 6 ~ Now 1
International and local pressure made redevelopment difficult for the government, however. The Cape Technikon (now Cape Peninsula University of Technology) was built on a portion of District Six which the government renamed Zonnebloem. Mini Task 13a–Summarize this slide.

Nothing’s Changed District 6 ~ Now 2
Apart from the university and some police housing units, the area was left undeveloped. Since the fall of apartheid in 1994, the African National Congress has recognized the older claims of former residents to the area, and pledged to support rebuilding. Mini Task 13b – Summarize this slide.

But nothing seems to have happened yet!
Nothing’s Changed District 6 ~ Now 3 But nothing seems to have happened yet!

Nothing’s Changed

Nothing’s Changed Tatamkhulu Afrika Down the road,
working man's cafe sells bunny chows. Take it with you, eat it at a plastic table's top, wipe your fingers on your jeans, spit a little on the floor: it's in the bone. I back from the glass, boy again, leaving small mean O of small, mean mouth. Hands burn for a stone, a bomb, to shiver down the glass. Nothing's changed. Small round hard stones click under my heels, seeding grasses thrust bearded seeds into trouser cuffs, cans, trodden on, crunch in tall, purple-flowering, amiable weeds. District Six. No board says it is: but my feet know, and my hands, and the skin about my bones, and the soft labouring of my lungs, and the hot, white, inwards turning anger of my eyes. Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees: new, up-market, haute cuisine, guard at the gatepost, whites only inn. No sign says it is: but we know where we belong. I press my nose to the clear panes, know, before I see them, there will be crushed ice white glass, linen falls, the single rose.

The poem in detail – Stanza 1 Mini Task 14
Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 1 Mini Task 14 Find one word to describe the tone and one word to describe imagery in the poem’s first stanza. Small round hard stones click under my heels, seeding grasses thrust bearded seeds into trouser cuffs, cans, trodden on, crunch in tall, purple-flowering, amiable weeds.

Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 1 Mini Task 14 Find one word to describe tone and one word to describe imagery in the poem’s first stanza. Small round hard stones click under my heels, seeding grasses thrust bearded seeds into trouser cuffs, cans, trodden on, crunch in tall, purple-flowering, amiable weeds. Tone = Friendly – mostly because the plants are ‘amiable.’ Imagery = Wasteland – stones, seeding grasses, cans, weeds

The Poem ~ Analysis & Meaning – Stanza 1
Nothing’s Changed The Poem ~ Analysis & Meaning – Stanza 1 There is a very rhythmic opening to the poem with a series of single syllable words. There is also some very clear imagery in the opening lines in which the poet establishes the wasteland that District 6 has become. The Imagery is reinforced with the references to un-mowed grass that has gone to seed and to the purple weeds. Personification used to describe the weeds as ‘amiable’. He finds the weeds friendly because they form part of a landscape that he knew as a boy. ‘amiable’ also helps establish a light tone at the beginning of the poem Because it is written in first person we as readers are also drawn into the world the poet creates in the poem. Note also the alliteration on ‘cuff, cans’ which is echoed by ‘crunch’ on the next line. Small round hard stones click under my heels, seeding grasses thrust bearded seeds into trouser cuffs, cans, trodden on, crunch in tall, purple-flowering, amiable weeds. Mini Task 15: Summarize this slide.

The poem in detail – Stanza 2
Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 2 Mini Task 16 How does the tone change in the second stanza? What words and devices does the poet use to change the tone? District Six. No board says it is: but my feet know, and my hands, and the skin about my bones, and the soft labouring of my lungs, and the hot, white, inwards turning anger of my eyes.

Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 2 Mini Task 16 How does the tone change the tone in the second stanza? What words and devices does the poet use to change the tone? 1. From friendly/amiable to anger. 2. The repetition of ‘and.’ Line Length: Lines get longer as the stanza progresses which creates a sense of anger building up inside the poet. The word ‘anger’ which is ‘white hot.’ District Six. No board says it is: but my feet know, and my hands, and the skin about my bones, and the soft labouring of my lungs, and the hot, white, inwards turning anger of my eyes.

Nothing’s Changed The Poem ~ Analysis & Meaning – Stanza 2 District Six. No board says it is: but my feet know, and my hands, and the skin about my bones, and the soft labouring of my lungs, and the hot, white, inwards turning anger of my eyes. There is the beginning of a change in tone here. The use of the two word title ‘District Six’ is a stark statement and the poet expects you to know the area he is talking about. The repetition in the next few lines accentuates the growing anger the poet feels and heralds a dramatic change in tone from the opening lines of the poem. The use of punctuation also helps here to build up the sense of growing anger. Note the body imagery here which leads to the metaphor that describes as ‘white’ hot his anger over the destruction of District 6 and the construction of this restaurant where he still feels unwelcome. Mini Task 17: Summarize this slide.

The poem in detail – Stanza 3a
Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 3a Vocabulary: Port Jackson is a reference to the Port Jackson Willow, an Australian plant considered a weed in S Africa. Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees Mini Task 18 There is lots happening in the first part of Stanza 3. See if you can identify an example of: An internal rhyme. Alliteration Assonance Chime Terms: Assonance the repetition of vowel sounds to create internal rhyming within a phrase or sentence.

Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 3a Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees: Mini Task 18 There is lots happening in the first part of Stanza 3. See if you can identify an example of: An internal rhyme: Brash with glass Alliteration: flaring like a flag Assonance: name flaring like a flag Chime: weeds – trees

Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 3a Mini Task 19 Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees Imagery is the Key Feature of the first part of the stanza so: Write down one image from each line Vocabulary: ‘Port Jackson ‘ is a reference to the Port Jackson Willow, an Australian plant considered a weed in South Africa.

Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 3a Mini Task 20 Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees Imagery is the Key Feature of the first part of the stanza so: . Write down what you think is the image on line 3 means. Vocabulary: ‘Port Jackson ‘ is a reference to the Port Jackson Willow, an Australian plant considered a weed in South Africa.

Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 3a Mini Task 19 Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees Imagery is the Key Feature of the first part of the stanza so: 1. Write down one image from each line L1 – glass L2 – flag L3 – squatting L4 – grass & weeds L5 – Port Jackson tree

Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 3a Mini Task 20 Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees Imagery is the Key Feature of the first part of the stanza so: . Write down what you think is the image on line 3 means. L3 – Ugly, temporary, not belonging there.

The Poem ~ Analysis & Meaning – Stanza 3a
Nothing’s Changed The Poem ~ Analysis & Meaning – Stanza 3a There are several poetic devices used to ad ‘punch’ to the beginning of this stanza; you have the internal rhyme on ‘Brash ~ glass’ and alliteration on ‘flaring like a flag’. This helps change the tone by reducing the anger at the end of the last stanza to bitter cynicism. This takes us to the two word line ‘it squats’ which by being separate, draws attention to itself much as the line ‘District 6’ does. Squat is an interesting word to choose as it has several meanings eg: something that is short and wide, usually in a way that is not attractive: or to live in an empty building or area of land without the permission of the owner. In other words it doesn't belong there! Note the enjambment here, the line belongs with the rest of its sentence, the separation emphasises its importance Mini Task 21: Summarize this slide. Brash with glass, name flaring like a flag, it squats in the grass and weeds, incipient Port Jackson trees: Vocabulary: Incipient means ‘just beginning’ and the plant , like the people before it doesn't belong there.

The poem in detail – Stanza 3b
Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 3b Mini Task 22 What impression is created in the first two lines below. ‘whites only inn’ is a pun. ‘the use of a word or phrase so as to emphasize or suggest different meanings.’ What are the two meanings of the phrase? If there was a sign, what would it say? new, up-market, haute cuisine, guard at the gatepost, whites only inn. Vocabulary: Pun - a humorous way of using a word or phrase so that more than one meaning is suggested.

The poem in detail – Stanza 3b
Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 3b Mini Task 22 What impression is created in the first two lines below How new and ‘posh’ the restaurant is. ‘whites only inn’ is a pun. ‘the use of a word or phrase so as to emphasize or suggest different meanings.’ What are the two meanings of the phrase? An inn for white people and only white people are allowed in. If there was a sign, what would it say? new, up-market, haute cuisine, guard at the gatepost, whites only inn.

Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 4 Mini Task 23 What point is the poet trying to make in the two lines below? If there was a sign what would it say? No sign says it is: but we know where we belong

Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 4 Mini Task 23 No sign says it is: but we know where we belong What point is the poet trying to make in the two lines below? As a ‘coloured’ man he is not welcome in the restaurant. If there was a sign what would it say? (Look at the top and bottom of the slide for a clue!)

The Poem ~ Analysis & Meaning – Stanza 3 & 4
Nothing’s Changed The Poem ~ Analysis & Meaning – Stanza 3 & 4 There is an emphasis in these lines on how ‘posh’ and new the restaurant is; which takes us on to the reference to the guards. Why are guards needed? To protect the diners from attack or to keep out the unwanted. Note the pun on ‘whites only inn’. Only white people are allowed in the inn, even though this sort of racism should have stopped with the end of the Apartheid era in 1994. The apartheid signs might have gone now that South Africa is a democracy, but the poet knows that as a man of coloured or mixed race he would not be welcome in the restaurant; in other words he knows where he belongs….. Not in there but in the working men’s café down the road! The two lines of Stanza 4 actually belong with Stanza 5, making its 6 lines up to 8, the same as the rest of the poem. The separation emphasizes the importance of the lines and their centrality in the poem. new, up-market, haute cuisine, guard at the gatepost, whites only inn. No sign says it is: but we know where we belong. Mini Task 24: Summarize this slide.

Mini Task 25 What is the key feature of the poem’s fifth stanza?
Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 5 Mini Task 25 What is the key feature of the poem’s fifth stanza? I press my nose to the clear panes, know, before I see them, there will be crushed ice white glass, linen falls, the single rose.

Mini Task 25 What is the key feature of the poem’s fifth stanza?
Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 5 Mini Task 25 What is the key feature of the poem’s fifth stanza? I press my nose to the clear panes, know, before I see them, there will be crushed ice white glass, linen falls, the single rose. COLOUR IMAGERY…..and mostly white colour imagery.

Nothing’s Changed The Poem ~ Analysis & Meaning – Stanza 5 There is a very vivid use of imagery here, especially colour imagery ~ all that white ~ the crushed ice, the linen, the rose. the restaurant. All of this emphasises the ‘whiteness’ of the restaurant which in turn alienates any potential ‘black’ customers and helps to reinforce the notion that black people are not welcome. But what if the rose is red not white....blood red, then perhaps it too has a symbolic significance beyond simply being a flower decorating table....it then becomes a metaphor for the blood that has been shed in South Africa’s struggle for freedom....or even blood that is yet to be shed. I press my nose to the clear panes, know, before I see them, there will be crushed ice white glass, linen falls, the single rose. Mini Task 26: Summarize this slide.

Mini Task 27 What element of the poem changes in the sixth stanza?
Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 6 Mini Task 27 What element of the poem changes in the sixth stanza? Down the road, working man's cafe sells bunny chows. Take it with you, eat it at a plastic table's top, wipe your fingers on your jeans, spit a little on the floor: it's in the bone

Mini Task 27 What element of the poem changes in the sixth stanza?
Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 6 Mini Task 27 What element of the poem changes in the sixth stanza? Down the road, working man's cafe sells bunny chows. Take it with you, eat it at a plastic table's top, wipe your fingers on your jeans, spit a little on the floor: it's in the bone There is a change in location, character and class, from the ‘posh’ restaurant to a working men’s café.

Nothing’s Changed The Poem ~ Analysis & Meaning – Stanza 6 This stanza then takes you away from the refined world of the restaurant to the everyday reality of the ordinary black South African. The poet knows this is where the people who run and use the restaurant feel he belongs simply because he is coloured. In the cafe there will be no crushed ice, no linen napkins or roses on the table, just a plastic table top and jeans to wipe your fingers on.This is obviously not the cultured or refined behaviour expected in a posh restaurant, but what can you expect from an uncultured black man ‘it's in the bone.’ A bunny chow is half a loaf with the middle scooped out and filled with something like stew or beans and is certainly not ‘haute cuisine’. This stanza changes tone and there is a strong sense of anger generated by the injustice of the segregation the restaurant stands for. Down the road, working man's cafe sells bunny chows. Take it with you, eat it at a plastic table's top, wipe your fingers on your jeans, spit a little on the floor: it's in the bone. Mini Task 28: Summarize this slide.

Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 6 Mini Task 29 How has the poem’s tone changed from the first to the last stanza? I back from the glass, boy again, leaving small mean O of small, mean mouth. Hands burn for a stone, a bomb, to shiver down the glass. Nothing's changed.

Nothing’s Changed The poem in detail – Stanza 6 Mini Task 28 How has the poem’s tone changed from the first to the last stanza? I back from the glass, boy again, leaving small mean O of small, mean mouth. Hands burn for a stone, a bomb, to shiver down the glass. Nothing's changed. From friendly through anger to violent.

Nothing’s Changed The Poem ~ Analysis & Meaning – Stanza 7 The feelings that seeing the restaurant have provoked in the poet make him feel like a small boy again when as a resident of District 6 he suffered the injustices and repressions of the apartheid era. These feelings are so strong that they turn violent and make him want to destroy the restaurant and the political system it symbolises. The final line is the title of the poem and summarizes the poets feelings about South African society. Despite the new democracy he feels that as yet, nothing has changed and the country is as unequal as it always was. I back from the glass, boy again, leaving small mean O of small, mean mouth. Hands burn for a stone, a bomb, to shiver down the glass. Nothing's changed. Mini Task 30: Summarize this slide.

The Poem ~ What the poet says.
Nothing’s Changed The Poem ~ What the poet says. Nothing's Changed is entirely autobiographical. I can't quite remember when I wrote this, but I think it must have been about District Six was a complete waste by then, and I hadn't been passing through it for a long time. But nothing has changed. Not only District Six... I mean, we may have a new constitution, we may have on the face of it a beautiful democracy, but the racism in this country is absolutely redolent. We try to pretend to the world that it does not exist, but it most certainly does, all day long, every day, shocking and saddening and terrible. Look, I don't want to sound like a prophet of doom, because I don't feel like that at all. I am full of hope. But I won't see it in my lifetime. It's going to take a long time. I mean, in America it's taken all this time and it's still not gone... So it will change. But not quickly, not quickly at all. Tatamkhulu Afrika ( ) Mini Task 31: Summarize this slide.

Nothing’s Changed About the Poet
When the government introduced classification by race, Tatamkhulu Afrika was categorized as white. However, rather than compromise his beliefs and his integrity, he refused to accept this classification and chose instead to be categorized as coloured. The poet lived in District 6, a mixed-race residential district of Cape Town, until the government decided it was to become a whites-only area. The bulk of the population was evicted and the area was bulldozed. Most of it has never been rebuilt, and today the area is largely derelict. It has come to be seen as a symbol of apartheid. Mini Task 32: Summarize this slide.

Nothing’s Changed About the Poet
Tatamkhulu Afrika (1920–2002) was born in Egypt to a Turkish mother and an Arab father, but was orphaned as an infant and adopted by white South Africans. His first novel was published when he was only twenty – but his next book did not come out until he was seventy-one. In 1948 South Africa adopted the system of apartheid. The author joined the ANC (the main group opposed to the policy). He was arrested and banned from writing or public speaking for five years. To get round the ban he started using his ANC code name Tatamkhulu Afrika which meant Grandfather Africa or old man of Africa. Afrika eventually published two novels and eight books of poetry. He died at the age of eighty-two after being hit by a car. Mini Task 33: Summarize this slide.

Other Cultures Assignmen
Nothing’s Changed Other Cultures Assignmen How effectively does Tatamkhulu Afrika use poetic devices in Nothing's Changed to convey his feelings and attitudes towards District 6 and the South African system of Apartheid? In your answer discuss the use of Imagery, Alliteration and Repetition using examples from the poem to support the points you make. Words MLA Format by Thur 26th Feb.

Nothing’s Changed Tatamkhulu Afrika

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Nothing’s Changed Tatamkhulu Afrika

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