1. Steve Lloyd
Tony Doyle
GridPP Presentation to PPARC e-Science Committee
31 May 2001

2. e-Science Presentation
GridPP History
Collaboration formed by all UK PP Experimental Groups in 1999 to submit £5.9M JIF bid for Prototype Tier-1 centre at RAL (later withdrawn)
Added some Tier-2 support to become part of PPARC LTSR - “The LHC Computing Challenge”  Input to SR2000
Formed GridPP in Dec 2000 included CERN, CLRC and UK PP Theory Groups
From Jan 2001 handling PPARC’s commitment to EU DataGrid UK
GridPP
e-Science Presentation

3. e-Science Presentation
Physics Drivers
Addresses one of PPARC's highest priority Science programmes.
LHC Experiments are the key to understanding the origins of Mass (Higgs?), Supersymmetry, CP Violation, Quark gluon plasma and possible new phenomena e.g. extra dimensions
Maximise return from substantial UK investment in LHC Detectors
GridPP
e-Science Presentation

4. The LHC Computing Challenge
The problem is Huge:
Total data/year from one experiment ~ 1 to 8 PB (Petabytes = 1015 Bytes)
Estimate total requirement to be
~ 8M SI-95 of CPU Power ( 200,000 1 GHz PCs)
~ 28 PB of 'Tape' storage
~ 10 PB of disk storage
The problem is Complex:
> 108 electronic channels are read out each event
The LHC will produce 8x108 pp interactions per second
The Higgs to  rate for example is expected to be 2x10-4 per second
A 2x10-4 needle in a 8x108 haystack
Distributed Solution to maximise use of facilities and resources worldwide
GridPP
e-Science Presentation

5. e-Science Presentation
LHC Computing Model
Uni x
Lab m
USA
Brookhaven
Uni a UK
Lab a
USA
FermiLab
France
Tier 1
CERN
Uni n
Tier2
Physics
Department
Italy
……….
Desktop NL
Germany
Lab b
Lab c 
Uni y 
Uni b 
GridPP
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6. Proposal Executive Summary
£40M 3-Year Programme
LHC Computing Challenge
= Grid Technology
Five Components:
Foundation
Production
Middleware
Exploitation
Value-added Exploitation
Emphasis on Grid Services and Core Middleware
UK computing strength within CERN
Integrated with EU DataGrid, PPDG and GriPhyN
Facilities at CERN, RAL and up to four UK Tier-2 sites
Centres = Dissemination
LHC developments integrated into current programme (BaBar, CDF, D0, ...)
Robust Management Structure
Deliverables in March 2002, 2003, 2004
GridPP
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7. GridPP Component Model
Value-added
Component 5: Value-Added
Full exploitation of Grid potential for Particle Physics
£25.9M
Exploitation
Component 4: Exploitation
The applications necessary to deliver Grid based Particle Physics
£21.0M
Middleware
Component 3: Middleware
Connecting the Foundation and the Production environments to create a functional Grid
£17.0M
Production
Component 2: Production
Built on Foundation to provide an environment for experiments to use
£12.7M
Foundation
Component 1: Foundation
The key infrastructure at CERN and within the UK
£8.5M
GridPP
e-Science Presentation

8. e-Science Presentation
Major Deliverables
Prototype I - March 2002
Performance and scalability testing of components
Testing of the job scheduling and data replication software from the first DataGrid release.
Prototype II - March 2003
Prototyping of the integrated local computing fabric, with emphasis on scaling, reliability and resilience to errors.
Performance testing of LHC applications. Distributed HEP and other science application models using the second DataGrid release.
Prototype III - March 2004
Full scale testing of the LHC computing model with fabric management and Grid management software for Tier-0 and Tier-1 centres, with some Tier-2 components.
GridPP
e-Science Presentation

9. e-Science Presentation
Financial Summary
Components 1-4:
PPARC External Funds
UK Staff £10.7M £5.9M (EPSRC?)
UK Capital £3.2M £4.5M (SRIF?)
CERN Staff £5.7M
CERN Capital £1.4M
Total £21.0M £10.3M
Computing Science
LHC Tier-0
Up to 4 Tier-2
LHC Tier-1/BaBar Tier A
GridPP
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10. e-Science Presentation
GridPP Organisation
Hardware development organised around a number Regional Centres
Likely Tier-2 Regional Centres
Focus for Dissemination and Collaboration with other disciplines and Industry
Clear mapping onto Core Regional e-Science Centres
Software development organised around a number of Workgroups
GridPP
e-Science Presentation

11. e-Science Presentation
GridPP Workgroups
Technical work broken down into several workgroups - broad overlap with EU DataGrid
A - Workload Management
Provision of software that schedule application processing requests amongst resources
F - Networking
Network fabric provision through to integration of network services into middleware
B - Information Services and Data Management
Provision of software tools to provide flexible transparent and reliable access to the data
G - Prototype Grid
Implementation of a UK Grid prototype tying together new and existing facilities
H - Software Support
Provide services to enable the development, testing and deployment of middleware and applications at institutes
C - Monitoring Services
All aspects of monitoring Grid services
D - Fabric Management and Mass Storage
Integration of heterogeneous resources into common Grid framework
I - Experimental Objectives
Responsible for ensuring development of GridPP is driven by needs of UK PP experiments
E - Security
Security mechanisms from Certification Authorities to low level components
J - Dissemination
Ensure good dissemination of developments arising from GridPP into other communities and vice versa
GridPP
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12. e-Science Presentation
GridPP and CERN
For UK to exploit LHC to the full:
Requires substantial investment at CERN to support LHC computing.
UK involvement through GridPP will boost CERN investment in key areas:
Fabric management software
Grid security
Grid data management
Networking
Adaptation of physics applications
Computer Centre fabric (Tier-0)
GridPP
e-Science Presentation

13. e-Science Presentation
GridPP and CERN
This investment will:
Allow operation of a production quality prototype of the distributed model prior to acquisition of final LHC configuration
Train staff for management and operation of distributed computing centres
Provide excellent training ground for young people
Enable the technology to be re-used by other sciences and industry
GridPP
e-Science Presentation

14. e-Science Presentation
Staff at CERN
Proposal is that staff are hired by UK Universities or Laboratories and sent on long-term mission to CERN. Employed as CERN associates in IT Division
Integrated part of the CERN LHC activity
Staff assigned to CERN teams with operational and development responsibilities
Each team responsible for LHC development and prototyping as well as for operating current services
Developers need hands-on operational experience
Ensures that CERN experience is fully utilised
Formal LHC Computing Project structure being defined, to ensure overseeing role by funding bodies – to be agreed with CERN Council
GridPP
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15. e-Science Presentation
Hardware at CERN
GridPP
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16. GridPP Management Structure
e-Science Presentation

17. Management Status The Collaboration Board (CB)
The governing body of the project - consists of Group Leaders of all Institutes - established and Collaboration Board Chair elected
The Peer Review Selection Committee (PRSC)
Pending approval of Project
The Project Management Board (PMB)
The Executive board chaired by Project Leader - Project Leader being appointed. Shadow Board in operation
The Dissemination Board (DB)
Pending approval of Project
The Technical Board (TB)
The main working forum chaired by the Technical Board Chair - interim task force in place
The Experiments Board (EB)
The forum for experimental input into the project - nominations from experiments underway
GridPP
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18. e-Science Presentation
Information Flow
GridPP
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19. Meetings Schedule Yearly Reporting to PPARC? Quarterly Reporting to EU
GridPP
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20. GridPP Collaboration Meeting
1st GridPP Collaboration Meeting - Coseners House - May 24/
GridPP
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21. e-Science Presentation
UK Strengths
Wish to build on UK strengths -
Information Services
Networking - world leaders in monitoring
Security
Mass storage
UK Major Grid Leadership roles -
Lead DataGrid Architecture Task Force (Steve Fisher)
Lead DataGrid WP3 Information Services (Robin Middleton)
Lead DataGrid WP5 Mass Storage (John Gordon)
ATLAS Software Coordinator (Norman McCubbin)
LHCb Grid Coordinator (Frank Harris)
Strong UK Collaboration with Globus
Globus people gave 2 day tutorial at RAL to PP community
Carl Kesselman attended UK Grid Technical meeting
3 UK people visited Globus at Argonne
Natural UK Collaboration with US PPDG and GriPhyN
GridPP
e-Science Presentation

22. e-Science Presentation
Funding Requirements
Full exploitation requires £25.9M from PPARC plus £11.6M external funds
Minimum programme requires £21.0M from PPARC plus £10.3M external funds
Profiling is driven by:
Hardware: Immediate need (Buy now) v Moore's law (Buy later)
 UK Flat, CERN rising
Manpower: Immediate need + requirement for 3 year positions (Hire now) v Availability (spread out)
 UK + CERN want to front load
Does not match PPARC funding profile
Our proposal profiled this as
2001/2 2002/3 2003/4
£3.91M £8.43M £8.64M
c.f. PPARC profile
£3.0M £8.0M £15M
GridPP
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23. e-Science Presentation
Proposal Profile
GridPP
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24. e-Science Presentation
Reprofiling
One attempt to match PPARC profile
Too many staff hired in 3rd year (for 1 year!)
GridPP
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25. First Year Deliverables
Each Workgroup has detailed deliverables. These will be refined each year and build on the successes of the previous year.
The Global Objectives for the first year are:
Deliver EU DataGrid Middleware (First prototype [M9])
Running experiments to integrate their data management systems into existing facilities (e.g. mass storage)
Assessment of technological and sociological Grid analysis needs
Experiments refine data models for analyses
Develop tools to allow bulk data transfer
Assess and implement metadata definitions
Develop relationships across multi-Tier structures and countries
Integrate Monte Carlo production tools
Provide experimental software installation kits
LHC experiments start Data Challenges
Feedback assessment of middleware tools
GridPP
e-Science Presentation

26. e-Science Presentation
External Resources
External Funds (additional to PPARC Grants and central facilities) have provided computing equipment for several experiments and institutes
BaBar (Birmingham, Bristol, Brunel, Edinburgh, £0.8M (JREI) + £1.0M (JIF)
Imperial, Liverpool, Manchester, QMUL, RAL, RHUL)
MAP (Liverpool ) £0.3M (JREI)
ScotGrid (Edinburgh, Glasgow) £0.8M (JREI)
D0 (Lancaster) £0.4M (JREI) + £0.1M (Univ)
Dark Matter (Sheffield) £0.03M (JIF)
CDF/Minos (Glasgow, Liverpool, Oxford, UCL) £1.7M (JIF)
CMS (Imperial) £0.15M (JREI)
ALICE (Birmingham) £0.15M (JREI)
Total £5.4M
All these Resources will contribute directly to GridPP
Many Particle Physics Groups are involved in large SRIF bids in collaboration with other disciplines mostly to form e-Science centres. The amount of resource available to GridPP from this SRIF round could be several £M
GridPP
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27. e-Science Presentation
First Year Priorities
Funding of PPARC's EU DataGrid staff commitment
Staff to implement initial Grid Testbed in UK
Hardware to satisfy BaBar requirements and EU DataGrid testbed commitment
Staff for CERN LHC computing
Contribution to CERN Tier-0
(Staff costs assume only 6 months of salary in first year)
15 EU DataGrid 3 year posts (already committed) £0.4M
15 GridPP 3 year posts £0.4M
Hardware for BaBar Tier-A/LHC Tier-1 £0.9M
15 CERN 3 year posts £0.5M
Hardware for CERN Tier £0.3M
Total £2.5M
Minimum viable programme to meet commitments
GridPP
e-Science Presentation

28. e-Science Presentation
Summary
Have been working towards this project for ~ 2 years building up hardware
Balanced exploitation programme costing £21M
Will put PPARC and the UK at the forefront of Grid development in Europe
Funds installation and operation of experimental testbeds, key infrastructure, generic middleware and making application code grid aware
Does NOT fund physics analysis or experiment specific algorithms
Does not match well with PPARC's funding profile
A mechanism for moving some money forward from the third year needs to be found
Requires substantial investment NOW
£2.5M required this year to kick start programme
GridPP
e-Science Presentation