1. EUROPEAN EXPLORATIONS
They Came, They Saw, They Conquered

3. When?
Beginning in the late 15th century, Europeans began traveling to the new world.
Exploration was not easy.
Voyages were expensive and the routes were uncertain.
The conditions in the new world were extreme. Many of the Europeans died of disease or starvation.

4. Why did exploration occur?
Wealth and fame for country
Spread their religion
Gain more land for their country
Adventure!

5. The search for better trade routes!
Europeans were searching for a trade route to Asia
Asian goods were currently under the control of Arab traders
This caused the spices and other items to be very expensive
The first to locate a safe and fast way to reach Asia would control all trade between Europe and Asia

6. Christopher Columbus Spain 1492 Search for a trade route, looking for riches. Cuba, Jamaica, parts of Central America

7. What happened after Columbus and his voyage?
After Christopher reached the new world, stories of the land began to spread. Stories of GOLD and other riches spread.
The stories stated that the civilizations living in the Americas had streets paved with gold.
Exaggerations encouraged others to explore.

8. Each European country had different reasons for Coming to the New World
All Water Route to Asia going West
Religious
Wealth/Gold & Riches
Defense Against other Countries

9. John Cabot English Exploration
Competition for land
Search for wealth
Coast of North America to Carolinas
Claimed the coast for England

10. Early Explorations 1500-1530 Amerigo Vespucci-Italy- South America
Balboa-Spain-area of Panama, Pacific Ocean
Magellan-Spain-Sailed around the globe
Pizzaro- Spain- South America

11. Early Exploration of Georgia
Most early exploration of the southeast was done by the Spanish.
The Mississippian Culture -who the first Europeans met when they arrived.
But artifacts suggest that entire towns were uninhabited as early as 1540.
Explorers brought horses and guns to the new world. 11

12. Spanish Conquistadors (conquerors) 1513-1542
1. Juan Ponce de Leon
Fountain of Youth, Florida
Found the Gulf Stream as it pushed him backward as he tried to sail south to Caribbean
First Spanish on North American mainland
2. Vasquez de Ayllon
First to set foot in Georgia
Brought slaves and wanted to settle the land
San Miguel de Gualdape around Sapelo Island
Bad weather, Ayllon died, others died or revolted

13. Hernando DeSoto First explorations in the interior of Georgia-1539
Purpose of the exploration was the search for gold and a new trade route
Into SW Georgia
Party was large and well equipped- 620 men and 223 horses.
First to cross Appalachian Mountains into TN
Searched for gold and riches

14. DeSoto and the Native Americans
Exploited the Native Americans – made friends, then often robbed them or killed them.
Wanted to conquer the Native Americans
Native Americans could not defend themselves against guns, many were killed or forced into slavery.
Exposed to diseases that killed them.
Helped end the Mississippian culture.

15. French Explorations
In 1562 France sent Jean Ribault, and other explorers to North America in search of gold.
Landed in Florida and made their way to what is now South Carolina and started a colony called Charlesfort.
They ran out of food and supplies, so they sent a ship back to France for more supplies. When the ship returned, the settlers were gone.
France also founded a colony in Fort Caroline in Florida in 1564.

16. French Explorations Also wanted a colony for religious freedom
Huguenots- French Protestants
Spanish destroyed Fort Caroline to stop competition over land and wealth
France abandons the Southeast
Moved to the interior into
Ohio River Valley
Mississippi River Valley
Great Lakes Region

17. Spain
Destroyed Fort Caroline to stop the competition with France over the wealth in the new world.
1568 built the first missions
Missions-built to spread Catholicism and integrate Native Americans into a new society ruled by Spanish
Gave Spain control over them.

18. More Spanish presence Wanted to convert the natives to Catholicism
Early missions were built on the barrier islands, since easier for ships to access
San Simeon
Santa Catalina de Guale
Native Americans used the missions to help them learn the language and learn how to trade with with Europeans

19. Spain continued
Allowed the local chiefs to continue to rule over their tribes, but they were to answer to colonial government.
Spain hoped to control the Native Americans through the missions.
Missions also used as a trading post for the Native Americans and the Europeans.
Mission period ended in 1684 due to declining populations of the Native Americans, due to illness, as well as slave revolts and English raids.

20. England England, under the rule of Queen Elizabeth I (1558-1603)
She was a Protestant
Protestants enemies of the Catholics (Spain)
Phillip II of Spain built the Spanish Armada in an attempt to attack the British fleet.
1588 Britain defeated the Spanish Armada
This fight would continue in the new world

21. English- Mercantilism
Economic plan to make money
Small country, wanted to expand land
Establish a colony to create a market for a country’s exports.
Colony also provides the parent country with raw materials to increase trade and gold.
Government controls trade and transfers money from colony to mother country.

22. England
Defeat of the Spanish Armada and English dominance allowed the English to begin exploration of North America
Came to America hoping for gold
Also sought to trade copper and furs, and enslaved Native Americans
Slave trade resulted in many deaths of Native Americans in Georgia

23. So Whose Land is This Anyway?

24. What about the Native Americans?
At first Native Americans were fairly cooperative
Life was hard for the European explorers, not familiar with the crops. Native Americans taught them how to grow food like maize (corn).
Horses and guns they traded for helped with travel and hunting (also protection).
Creeks traded with English and fought against Spanish, ALLIES
After Spanish and French left, English had a monopoly.

25. Summary of Interaction with the Native Americans
Europeans brought with them to the new world:
Tools, guns, horses, and diseases.
European countries felt it was their duty to spread Christianity
Christian Missionaries- someone sent by a church to a foreign country to spread its faith
Some Europeans were kind to the Native Americans. Native Americans showed them how to grow new crops.

26. Europeans began enslaving many of the Native Americans
Eventually much of the Native population died due to disease. This required the Europeans to look for another source of workers to enslave.

27. Chapter 3 Terms to Know Conquistadors – Conquerors (Spanish)
Huguenots – French Protestants
Mercantilism – England’s economic ability to control trade and attempt to transfer wealth from the colonies to the parent country
Mission- a religious settlement
Maize- Native American corn

28. Ticket out the Door
3-THREE COUNTRIES WHO EXPLORED THE NEW WORLD (IN ORDER),
2- TWO REASONS WHY THEY CAME,
1- ONE SPANISH EXPLORER WHO WAS THE FIRST TO EXPLORE GA 28