1. Which human activity most threatens the wildlife of oceans near Australia?
A. deforestation
B. oil removal
C. overfishing
D. tourism

2. Jean has recently learned about Hernando Cortés, and she wants to see if her social studies textbook has any information on him. In which section of her textbook should Jean look?
A. bibliography
B. glossary
C. appendix
D. index

3. How do citizens participate in parliamentary democracies like Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom?
A. They vote for members of the legislature.
B. They vote for the prime minister.
C. They vote for each government position.
D. They vote on every national event.

4. Which of the following is an example of country with a presidential democratic system of government?
A. Brazil
B. Canada
C. Australia
D. Cuba

5. Which of these is an example of saving?
A. Jan sets money aside so she can someday afford a cell phone.
B. Kyle trades his own baseball cards for cards he does not have.
C. Morgan works at a company that makes and sells televisions.
D. Max buys something with a credit card that he pays off later.

6. Which of these countries uses the euro currency?
A. France
B. Mexico
C. Australia
D. United Kingdom

7. Which of these was an effect of industrialization in Great Britain?
A. More people were allowed to immigrate.
B. More people began farming for a living. C. More people became educated.
D. More people moved to cities.

8. Along with English, French is one of the main languages spoken in which country?
A. Brazil
B. Canada
C. The United States
D. Cuba

9. Which statement is the best example of interdependent countries?
A. Colombia buys cars from the U.S., and the U.S. buys coffee from Colombia.
B. Hollywood films are seen across the country, but they are made in California. C. Farmers eat food that is grown on their land, and they usually sell the rest.
D. Florida orange juice is sold in New York, Ohio, and many other U.S. states.

10. Increasing technology has created new jobs in Central and South America since the 1950s. The result is that
A. the region's economy focuses more on agriculture.
B. the region's population has shifted to cities.
C. the region's economy has decreased overall.
D. the region's population has shifted to rural areas.

11. Which of these countries is the best example of a one-party dictatorship?
A. Mexico
B. Cuba
C. Brazil
D. Jamaica

12. Portugal was the first European nation to explore and start colonies in which area?
A. The Caribbean
B. Australia
C. North America
D. West Africa

13. Why is Australia concerned with protection of the Great Barrier Reef?
A. The reef supports many different ecosystems.
B. The reef protects Australia from being invaded.
C. The reef is the source of many natural resources.
D. The reef prevents much of Australia from flooding.

14. Chile
Argentina
Bolivia
Peru
Ecuador
Colombia
Venezuela
Which mountain range passes through all of the countries on this list?
A. the Andes Mountains
B. the Appalachian Mountains
C. the Sierra Madre Mountains
D. the Rocky Mountains

15. How does Canada's history differ from that of the United States?
A. It was never a colony of Great Britain.
B. It has had a longer heritage of democracy.
C. It had more influence from Spanish and Portuguese culture.
D. It achieved independence without a revolutionary war.

16. Which of the following is the best example of a command economy?
A. the former British Empire
B. the former Soviet Union
C. modern Germany
D. modern France

17. Why are landlocked countries at a disadvantage compared to other countries?
A. They do not have access to freshwater. B. They do not have access to the ocean. C. They have a small area of territory.
D. They are surrounded by mountains.

18. Which of these best describes the purpose of the European Union?
A. to industrialize and modernize the nations of Europe
B. to force European nations to trade outside of Europe
C. to strengthen ties between Europe and its former colonies
D. to unite the nations of Europe politically and economically

19. The Cold War was a decades long struggle between countries either for or against communism and started immediately after the end of World War II. The two main countries involved in the Cold War were the United States and
A. Germany
B. Cuba
C. China
D. the Soviet Union

20. Which Mesoamerican culture had its capital at Tenochtitlan, where modern day Mexico City is located?
A. Incan
B. Aztec
C. Mayan
D. Olmec

21. In the 1930s and 1940s, Adolf Hitler was responsible for killing millions of Jews in Europe. This event is known as which of the following?
A. Cold War
B. Reformation
C. Holocaust
D. Reconstruction

22. Which word describes a tax paid on imported goods?
A. embargo
B. sanction
C. tariff
D. currency

23. In the 1800s many South American countries gained independence from Spain through the help of
A. Eva Peron
B. Simon Bolivar
C. Toussaint L'Ouverture
D. Miguel Hidalgo

24. Which of the following climates makes up most of the interior of Australia?
A. rainforest
B. subtropical steppe
C. desert
D. cool continental

25. Which religion has had the greatest impact on Greece, Russia, and eastern Europe?
A. Islam
B. Judaism
C. Catholic Christianity
D. Orthodox Christianity

26. Which word best describes the traditions, customs, religion, and life style of a group of people?
A. economy
B. culture
C. geography
D. government

27. The United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia all recognize which person as their head of state?
A. the secretary-general of NATO
B. the secretary-general of the United Nations
C. the king or queen of the United Kingdom
D. the president of the European Union