1. Vegetative Propagation
Natural Methods

2. Bryophyllum delagoensis
Epiphyllous Buds
Bryophyllum delagoensis
Bryophyllum daigremontianum
Cytokinins accumulate in notches stimulate shoot development

3. Roots are adventitious. Lateral buds in axis make bulbils.
Scaly Bulb
Onion, Tulip, Daffodil
Scales are leaf bases.
Basal plate is stem.
Roots are adventitious.
Lateral buds in axis make bulbils.

4. Scaly Bulbs
In garlic bulbs, the lateral buds become bulbils called “cloves” of garlic.

5. Corms: Just the basal plate Crocus and Gladiolus
Lateral buds develop into cormels

6. Tuber at end of rhizome (underground stem)
Tuber swells as a storage organ.
The apical bud and lateral buds are “eyes.”
A piece of potato with an eye can be treated almost like a seed.
Potato, Helianthus tuberosus

7. Stolons: Spider Plant and Strawberry
Leafless overground branch develops crown which arches to soil, roots, and becomes independent.

8. Black Raspberry and Forsythia
Tip layer
Black Raspberry and Forsythia

9. Bramble describes this behavior.
Tip Layer
Leafy shoot tip arches to soil, takes root, and becomes independent plant.
Bramble describes this behavior.

10. Red Raspberry and Rose, many others!
Root sprouts
Red Raspberry and Rose, many others!
Roots growing from original plant near soil surface, accumulate cytokinins, make sprout.
Results in “thicket”

11. Vegetative Propagation
Artificial Methods

12. Leaf-petiole Cutting African violet Jade plant Kalanchoe Pepperomia
1. IAA produced
2. IAA transported
Blade
7. Shoot formed
Petiole
6. CK transport
3. Callus develops
4. Roots form
5. CK produced

13. Stem Cutting Plectranthus and many more! IAA produced IAA transported
Callus develops
Roots form
Sell sooner!
IAA
IAA
IAA
IAA

14. Tip Layer
Bend stem to soil
Yes, it is both a natural and an artificial method!
2. Wound bark on lower side
3. Apply rooting powder
4. Bury in moist soil
5. Anchor to ground
6. Wait and separate!
IAA

15. What if the plant you want to clone is a special maple tree that turns wonderful combinations of green, yellow, orange, and red in the fall. The lowest branch is many feet above the soil making a tip-layer impossible. Leaf and stem cuttings fail but you think a tip-layer might work if only the tree were not so tall. How do you solve this dilemma?
If the cutting is Mohammad, and you cannot bring Mohammad to the mountain, you should…
…bring the mountain to Mohammad! Air Layer!
We will work this example on the whiteboard together in class!