1. Physical Science EOCT Practice Part II
Milton High School

2. Potassium is an element in group 1 and period 4
Potassium is an element in group 1 and period 4. How many valence electrons does an atom of potassium contain? 1 2 3 4

3. Potassium is an element in group 1 and period 4
Potassium is an element in group 1 and period 4. How many valence electrons does an atom of potassium contain? 1 2 3 4

4. What phase change occurs when a solid changes directly into a gas?
Freezing
Melting
Evaporation
Sublimation

5. What phase change occurs when a solid changes directly into a gas?
Freezing
Melting
Evaporation
Sublimation

6. What type of arrangement and motion do particles in a liquid have?
Particles in liquid are closely packed together and vibrating.
Particles in liquid are not in contact with each other and are moving very quickly.
Particles in liquid are in contact with each other, but they are able to slip past one another.
Particles in liquid are not in contact with one another and are moving at extreme speeds.

7. What type of arrangement and motion do particles in a liquid have?
Particles in liquid are closely packed together and vibrating.
Particles in liquid are not in contact with each other and are moving very quickly.
Particles in liquid are in contact with each other, but they are able to slip past one another.
Particles in liquid are not in contact with one another and are moving at extreme speeds.

8. Which of the following is NOT a drawback of nuclear power plants?
The cooling of the nuclear core results in thermal pollution
Nuclear power plants are safe and do not have the potential to leak radioactive material
Nuclear waste from nuclear power plants must be stored safely and for thousands of years
I only
II only
I and III only
I, II, and III

9. Which of the following is NOT a drawback of nuclear power plants?
The cooling of the nuclear core results in thermal pollution
Nuclear power plants are safe and do not have the potential to leak radioactive material
Nuclear waste from nuclear power plants must be stored safely and for thousands of years
I only
II only
I and III only
I, II, and III

10. During the process of melting, what happens to the temperature of the substance?
It stays constant
It increases
It decreases
It increases and then decreases

11. During the process of melting, what happens to the temperature of the substance?
It stays constant
It increases
It decreases
It increases and then decreases

12. Ms. Schaefer filled a balloon to its maximum capacity inside her air conditioned home. She then walked outside with the balloon and set it out on her deck where the balloon was exposed to the Sun’s radiant summer heat. According to Charle’s Law, what could happen to her balloon?
It could pop because the increase in temperature would cause an increase in volume.
It could pop because the increase in temperature will cause a decrease in pressure.
It could get smaller because the increase in temperature would cause a decrease in pressure.
It could get smaller because the increase in temperature would cause a decrease in volume.

13. Ms. Schaefer filled a balloon to its maximum capacity inside her air conditioned home. She then walked outside with the balloon and set it out on her deck where the balloon was exposed to the Sun’s radiant summer heat. According to Charle’s Law, what could happen to her balloon?
It could pop because the increase in temperature would cause an increase in volume.
It could pop because the increase in temperature will cause a decrease in pressure.
It could get smaller because the increase in temperature would cause a decrease in pressure.
It could get smaller because the increase in temperature would cause a decrease in volume.

14. Ms. Coln dissolves an unknown substance in water
Ms. Coln dissolves an unknown substance in water. The solution is corrosive, conducts electricity, and has a higher concentration of H+ ions than OH- ions. What kind of solution does this unknown substance form?
An acidic solution
A basic solution
A neutral solution
A non-electrolyte solution

15. Ms. Coln dissolves an unknown substance in water
Ms. Coln dissolves an unknown substance in water. The solution is corrosive, conducts electricity, and has a higher concentration of H+ ions than OH- ions. What kind of solution does this unknown substance form?
An acidic solution
A basic solution
A neutral solution
A non-electrolyte solution

16. What happens to the solubility of a typical solute as temperature increases?
The solubility decreases
The solubility increases
The solubility remains the same
There is no way to know without knowing which exact solute

17. What happens to the solubility of a typical solute as temperature increases?
The solubility decreases
The solubility increases
The solubility remains the same
There is no way to know without knowing which exact solute

18. What is the coefficient on Hg when the following equation is balanced?
HgO Hg O2 1 2 3 4

19. What is the coefficient on Hg when the following equation is balanced?
HgO Hg O2 1 2 3 4

20. What type of nuclear reaction results in a single nucleus undergoing an increase in atomic number, no change in mass number, and the release of an electron?
Alpha decay
Beta decay
Gamma radiation
Nuclear fusion

21. What type of nuclear reaction results in a single nucleus undergoing an increase in atomic number, no change in mass number, and the release of an electron?
Alpha decay
Beta decay
Gamma radiation
Nuclear fusion

22. Which of the following BEST describes the difference between speed and velocity?
Speed includes distance and direction while velocity includes only distance.
Speed includes distance and direction while velocity includes only direction.
Velocity includes distance and direction while speed includes only direction.
Velocity includes distance and direction while speed only distance.

23. Which of the following BEST describes the difference between speed and velocity?
Speed includes distance and direction while velocity includes only distance.
Speed includes distance and direction while velocity includes only direction.
Velocity includes distance and direction while speed includes only direction.
Velocity includes distance and direction while speed only distance.

24. Mr. Lanham takes off in his boat from the dock and reaches a velocity of 6 meters per second after 3 seconds. What is the boat’s acceleration?
0.5 meters/second2
2 meters/second2
6 meters/second2
18 meters/second2

25. Mr. Lanham takes off in his boat from the dock and reaches a velocity of 6 meters per second after 3 seconds. What is the boat’s acceleration?
0.5 meters/second2
2 meters/second2
6 meters/second2
18 meters/second2

26. Inertia is the tendency of an object to continue its current state of motion. Which of the following BEST describes the relationship between inertia and mass?
A greater mass means that something is easier to slow down or speed up.
The amount of inertia of an object is equal to its mass.
The greater the mass of an object, the greater the inertia it has.
The greater the mass of an object , the less inertia it has.

27. Inertia is the tendency of an object to continue its current state of motion. Which of the following BEST describes the relationship between inertia and mass?
A greater mass means that something is easier to slow down or speed up.
The amount of inertia of an object is equal to its mass.
The greater the mass of an object, the greater the inertia it has.
The greater the mass of an object , the less inertia it has.

28. When Mrs. Pullano is standing at the front of the class teaching Chemistry, the force of gravity is pulling her down toward the ground. The ground is pushing back with an equal and opposite force. This is an example of
Newton’s First Law of Motion
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
The Law of Gravitation

29. When Mrs. Pullano is standing at the front of the class teaching Chemistry, the force of gravity is pulling her down toward the ground. The ground is pushing back with an equal and opposite force. This is an example of
Newton’s First Law of Motion
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
The Law of Gravitation

30. Joel drops a baseball from a window on the tenth floor of his apartment building. Each floor has a height of 12 feet. What is the baseball’s velocity after 2 seconds?
2.0 m/sec
9.8 m/sec
19.6 m/sec
24 m/sec J

31. Joel drops a hammer from a window on the tenth floor of his apartment building. Each floor has a height of 12 feet. What is the hammer’s velocity after 2 seconds?
2.0 m/sec
9.8 m/sec
19.6 m/sec
24 m/sec J

32. The mass of two objects is an important factor in determining the force of gravity between them. What is the second important factor?
Their volume
The distance between them
Their diameters
Their densities

33. The mass of two objects is an important factor in determining the force of gravity between them. What is the second important factor?
Their volume
The distance between them
Their diameters
Their densities

34. Which statement is correct?
Weight is the amount of material in an object.
Mass is the physical dimensions of an object.
Weight is the gravitational pull on an object.
Mass is the gravitational pull on an object.

35. Which statement is correct?
Weight is the amount of material in an object.
Mass is the physical dimensions of an object.
Weight is the gravitational pull on an object.
Mass is the gravitational pull on an object.

36. Mr. Sheridan entered his prize pumpkin in the State Fair
Mr. Sheridan entered his prize pumpkin in the State Fair. If the mass of the pumpkin is 140 kg, what is its approximate weight?
14 g
1400 N
14000 N
6360 N

37. Mr. Sheridan entered his prize pumpkin in the State Fair
Mr. Sheridan entered his prize pumpkin in the State Fair. If the mass of the pumpkin is 1400 kg, what is its approximate weight?
14 g
1400 N
14000 N
6360 N

38. It takes 8 seconds for a pulley system to lift a load that weighs 400 N to a height of 10 m. How much power is required?
4000 watts
3200 watts
500 watts
80 watts

39. It takes 8 seconds for a pulley system to lift a load that weighs 400 N to a height of 10 m. How much power is required?
4000 watts
3200 watts
500 watts
80 watts

40. In order for a lever to multiply its effort force,
Its effort force must equal its resistance arm
Its resistance arm must be longer than its effort arm
Its resistance arm should be one meter in length
Its effort arm should be longer than its resistance arm

41. In order for a lever to multiply its effort force,
Its effort force must equal its resistance arm
Its resistance arm must be longer than its effort arm
Its resistance arm should be one meter in length
Its effort arm should be longer than its resistance arm

42. What is the definition of power?
The ability to do work
The rate of doing work
The amount of work done
Work output provided by work input

43. What is the definition of power?
The ability to do work
The rate of doing work
The amount of work done
Work output provided by work input

44. Newton’s first law of motion describes the tendency of objects in motion to continue in motion and objects at rest to remain at rest. What term is used to describe this behavior?
Velocity
Acceleration
Displacement
Inertia

45. Newton’s first law of motion describes the tendency of objects in motion to continue in motion and objects at rest to remain at rest. What term is used to describe this behavior?
Velocity
Acceleration
Displacement
Inertia

46. An acorn falls from an oak tree to the ground and hits a squirrel on the head. What is the acorn’s final velocity if it falls for 3 seconds?
9.8 m/sec
19.6 m/sec
29.4 m/sec
96.0 m/sec

47. An acorn falls from an oak tree to the ground and hits a squirrel on the head. What is the acorn’s final velocity if it falls for 3 seconds?
9.8 m/sec
19.6 m/sec
29.4 m/sec
96.0 m/sec

48. Materials that prevent heat flow are
Usually metals
Conductors
Insulators
Radiators

49. Materials that prevent heat flow are
Usually metals
Conductors
Insulators
Radiators

50. What kind of wave does NOT require a medium for its propagation?
A mechanical transverse wave
An electromagnetic wave
An electromagnetic transverse wave
A mechanical longitudinal wave

51. What kind of wave does NOT require a medium for its propagation?
A mechanical transverse wave
An electromagnetic wave
An electromagnetic transverse wave
A mechanical longitudinal wave

52. In which medium would a sound wave travel the fastest?
Air
Vacuum
Water
Steel

53. In which medium would a sound wave travel the fastest?
Air
Vacuum
Water
Steel

54. A balloon is rubbed all over with wool
A balloon is rubbed all over with wool. The balloon will now attract the water because
The balloon and the water are magnets
The balloon and the water have opposite charges
The balloon and the water have like charges
The balloon and the water are neutral

55. A balloon is rubbed all over with wool
A balloon is rubbed all over with wool. The balloon will now attract the water because
The balloon and the water are magnets
The balloon and the water have opposite charges
The balloon and the water have like charges
The balloon and the water are neutral

56. If a simple circuit has one resistor of 3 ohms and a current of 3 amps, how many volts is the power source?
3 volts
6 volts
9 volts
19 volts

57. If a simple circuit has one resistor of 3 ohms and a current of 3 amps, how many volts is the power source?
3 volts
6 volts
9 volts
19 volts

58. Mrs. Davis’ toaster has a voltage of 60 volts and a current of 1
Mrs. Davis’ toaster has a voltage of 60 volts and a current of 1.5 amps. What is the resistance of the heating element?
40 ohms
60 ohms
90 ohms
120 ohms

59. Mrs. Davis’ toaster has a voltage of 60 volts and a current of 1
Mrs. Davis’ toaster has a voltage of 60 volts and a current of 1.5 amps. What is the resistance of the heating element?
40 ohms
60 ohms
90 ohms
120 ohms

60. Which of the following is NOT an example of alternating current?
Dry cell battery in a flashlight
Television set
Current the power company sends to your school
I only
II only
III only
I and II only

61. Which of the following is NOT an example of alternating current?
Dry cell battery in a flashlight
Television set
Current the power company sends to your school
I only
II only
III only
I and II only

62. Sally is making a solution of kool-aid by dissolving a package of cherry powdered kool-aid mix in a pitcher of water. What is the solvent in this solution?
Cherry flavored kool-aid powder mix
The water
Cherries
The spoon used to stir the solution

63. Sally is making a solution of kool-aid by dissolving a package of cherry powdered kool-aid mix in a pitcher of water. What is the solvent in this solution?
Cherry flavored kool-aid powder mix
The water
Cherries
The spoon used to stir the solution

64. During a water quality lab Sam tested a sample of water for nitrates by dissolving a testing powder in the water along with the required drops of sulfuric acid. Sam capped the test tube and vigorously mixed the solutions together by shaking. What is the solvent in this solution?
Sulfuric acid
The testing powder
The shaking of the test tube
The water sample

65. During a water quality lab Sam tested a sample of water for nitrates by dissolving a testing powder in the water along with the required drops of sulfuric acid. Sam capped the test tube and vigorously mixed the solutions together by shaking. What is the solvent in this solution?
Sulfuric acid
The testing powder
The shaking of the test tube
The water sample

66. Mandy wants to determine the density of a metallic object which is 40 g. She fills a graduated cylinder with water to the 50 mL mark and then gently places the metallic object in the graduated cylinder she just filled. The volume of water in the graduated cylinder with the metallic object moved from the 50 mL mark to the 75 mL mark. What is the density of the metallic object?
0.53 g/mL
0.8 g/mL
1.6 g/mL
25 g/mL

67. Mandy wants to determine the density of a metallic object which is 40 g. She fills a graduated cylinder with water to the 50 mL mark and then gently places the metallic object in the graduated cylinder she just filled. The volume of water in the graduated cylinder with the metallic object moved from the 50 mL mark to the 75 mL mark. What is the density of the metallic object?
0.53 g/mL
0.8 g/mL
1.6 g/mL
25 g/mL

68. When electricity is passed through water, the following decomposition reaction can occur:
2H2O H2 + O2
What does the law of conservation of matter tell you about the ratios of particles in the chemical reaction?
The reacting substances must be the same as the substances produced.
The number of reactant molecules must equal the number of product molecules.
The number of reactant compounds must equal the number of product compounds.
The number of atoms of each element must be equal on both sides of the reaction arrow.

69. When electricity is passed through water, the following decomposition reaction can occur:
2H2O H2 + O2
What does the law of conservation of matter tell you about the ratios of particles in the chemical reaction?
The reacting substances must be the same as the substances produced.
The number of reactant molecules must equal the number of product molecules.
The number of reactant compounds must equal the number of product compounds.
The number of atoms of each element must be equal on both sides of the reaction arrow.

70. What happens to the number of energy levels as you travel from the top to bottom in a group on the periodic table?
The number of energy levels increases.
The number of energy levels decreases.
The number of energy levels stays the same.
The number of energy levels is random as you go down a group.

71. What happens to the number of energy levels as you travel from the top to bottom in a group on the periodic table?
The number of energy levels increases.
The number of energy levels decreases.
The number of energy levels stays the same.
The number of energy levels is random as you go down a group.

72. Although light is visible from stars, we cannot hear the sound created when a star explodes. Light is a transverse wave and sound waves are longitudinal waves. Which statement is correct about light and sound waves?
Light waves are transverse waves and they cannot move through the vacuum of space.
Sound waves are longitudinal waves and they cannot move through the vacuum of space.
Light waves and sound waves have identical properties, regardless of whether they are longitudinal or transverse waves.
Sound and light travel through the vacuum of space, but sound waves are never able to reach Earth.

73. Although light is visible from stars, we cannot hear the sound created when a star explodes. Light is a transverse wave and sound waves are longitudinal waves. Which statement is correct about light and sound waves?
Light waves are transverse waves and they cannot move through the vacuum of space.
Sound waves are longitudinal waves and they cannot move through the vacuum of space.
Light waves and sound waves have identical properties, regardless of whether they are longitudinal or transverse waves.
Sound and light travel through the vacuum of space, but sound waves are never able to reach Earth.

74. What happens when you remove one of the light bulbs in a parallel circuit?
Only that light bulb will go dark.
All of the light bulbs will go dark.
The current in the circuit will increase.
The resistance in the circuit will increase.

75. What happens when you remove one of the light bulbs in a parallel circuit?
Only that light bulb will go dark.
All of the light bulbs will go dark.
The current in the circuit will increase.
The resistance in the circuit will increase.

76. When nitrogen gas (N2) and hydrogen gas (H2) are combined at a high temperature and under pressure, they turn into ammonia (NH3). Which is a balanced equation for this reaction?
N H (NH3)
N H (NH3)
N H (NH3)
2N H (NH3)

77. When nitrogen gas (N2) and hydrogen gas (H2) are combined at a high temperature and under pressure, they turn into ammonia (NH3). Which is a balanced equation for this reaction?
N H (NH3)
N H (NH3)
N H (NH3)
2N H (NH3)

78. A radioactive substance has a half-life of 40 years
A radioactive substance has a half-life of 40 years. What fraction of the sample will remain at the end of 160 years?
1/2
1/4
1/8
1/16

79. A radioactive substance has a half-life of 40 years
A radioactive substance has a half-life of 40 years. What fraction of the sample will remain at the end of 160 years?
1/2
1/4
1/8
1/16

80. Look at the reaction below.
Neutron + U Kr Ba neutrons + ENERGY
How do you know this reaction is a nuclear fission reaction?
Energy is released
One large nucleus is split into two smaller nuclei
There are more neutrons in the products than in the reactants
The mass of the reactants is greater than the mass of the products.

81. Look at the reaction below.
Neutron + U Kr Ba neutrons + ENERGY
How do you know this reaction is a nuclear fission reaction?
Energy is released
One large nucleus is split into two smaller nuclei
There are more neutrons in the products than in the reactants
The mass of the reactants is greater than the mass of the products.

82. What type of reaction results in a single nucleus undergoing a decrease in mass number, a decrease in atomic number, and the release of a helium nucleus?
Alpha decay
Beta decay
Gamma radiation
Nuclear fission

83. What type of reaction results in a single nucleus undergoing a decrease in mass number, a decrease in atomic number, and the release of a helium nucleus?
Alpha decay
Beta decay
Gamma radiation
Nuclear fission

84. Which of the electromagnetic waves has a frequency higher than visible light?
Radio
Microwave
Ultraviolet
I only
II only
III only
I and II only

85. Which of the electromagnetic waves has a frequency higher than visible light?
Radio
Microwave
Ultraviolet
I only
II only
III only
I and II only