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Scientific Method Step 1: Observation is made Step 2: Hypothesize

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Presentation on theme: "Scientific Method Step 1: Observation is made Step 2: Hypothesize"— Presentation transcript:

1 Scientific Method Step 1: Observation is made Step 2: Hypothesize
Step 3: Set up falsifiable experiments to become theory Step 4: Set up more experiments to become a scientific law

2 Scientific Method Step 1: Observation is made
I found a fossil, a transitional form that existed between monkeys and mankind

3 Scientific Method Step 1: Observation is made Step 2: Hypothesize
I found a fossil, a transitional form that existed between monkeys and mankind Step 2: Hypothesize The fossil became lithified over long periods of time and/or many transitional forms occurred between monkeys and man

4 Scientific Method Step 1: Observation is made Step 2: Hypothesize
I found a fossil, a transitional form that existed between monkeys and mankind Step 2: Hypothesize The fossil became lithified over long periods of time and/or many transitional forms occurred between monkeys and man Step 3: Set up falsifiable experiments to become theory I cannot set up any experiments to observe the fossil lithification process because the time periods are too long nor can I set up the experiments to get the transitional forms Experiments are limited to human experience

5 Scientific Method Step 1: Observation is made Step 2: Hypothesize
I found a fossil, a transitional form that existed between monkeys and mankind Step 2: Hypothesize The fossil became lithified over long periods of time and/or many transitional forms occurred between monkeys and man Step 3: Set up falsifiable experiments to become theory I cannot set up any experiments to observe the fossil lithification process because the time periods are too long nor can I set up the experiments to get the transitional forms Experiments are limited to human experience Step 4: Set up more experiments to become a scientific law Conclusion: Evolution can never be a theory nor a law of science. It is a hypothesis or belief.

6 Issues Regarding Evolution
Introduction: Faith vs Science Issue of observing a final result and presuming a wrong history Tenets of Belief in Evolution: Counter Arguments Summary

7 Colin Patterson, Senior Paleontologist at London Museum of Natural History
"The question is: Can you tell me anything you know about evolution, any one thing....that is true? I tried that question on the geology staff at the Field Museum of Natural History and the only answer I got was silence. I tried it on the members of the Evolutionary Morphology Seminar at the University of Chicago, a very prestigious body of evolutionists, and all I got there was silence for a long time, and eventually one person said, 'I do know one thing-- it ought not to be taught in high school.' "

8 Faith vs Science Premise
Creationism: belief that God made everything so that scientific method is not applicable Evolution: things are explained in the natural realm according to scientific restrictions

9 Faith vs Science Premise
Creationism: belief that God made everything so that scientific method is not applicable Evolution: things are explained in the natural realm according to scientific restrictions WRONG

10 Johann Kepler said that science is not autonomous.

11 Faith vs Faith Creationist Faith: Belief in an all-knowing, perfect, never-changing being who observed all past history events. Evolutionist Faith: Belief in limited knowledge, imperfect, always-changing being who was not present to observe past history events.

12 Some Scientists Are Creationists
Creationist thinking has allowed me to make critical observations in fracture and fatigue

13 Fatigue If I just examine the failed surface and not the history of the material, I could reach an erroneous conclusion about the history Observation: fatigue failure surface

14 Fatigue Observation: fatigue failure surface
Hypothesis: the largest area probably caused the greatest amount of damage by just examining the final broken piece

15 Fatigue Observation: fatigue failure surface WRONG
Hypothesis: the largest area probably caused the greatest amount of damage by just examining the final broken piece History experiments: 50% of the cycles to failure were just in initiation the damage and 99% of the cycles were to the line in the smallest region WRONG

16 Fracture If I just examine the failed surface and not the history of the material, I could reach an erroneous conclusion about the history Observation: ductile fracture surface Hypothesis: Void growth and size is the most important parameter

17 Fracture If I just examine the failed surface and not the history of the material, I could reach an erroneous conclusion about the history Hypothesis: Void growth and size is the most important parameter History experiments: Damage includes void nucleation and coalescence too, determined by examining the history wrong

18 Comparison of End-of-Life Analysis vs Changing History Analysis
Old End-of-Life paradigm included only void growth and missed the most important features in some cases History experiments revealed that that the paradigm for more accurate void modeling to include nucleation, void growth, and void coalescence A paradigm shift occurred because of examining the history of a material

19 Human Origins…who are we?
“Then God said, ‘let us make man in our image, after our likeness’…” Genesis 1:26

20 How Did Man Get Here…Adam or Apes?
Created by God? Evolved by Nature?

21 What About Cavemen?!

22 Was This The Emergence of Man…
…or was he created another way?

23 The Emergence of Man? Placing skulls of dead humans and extinct apes in some sort of progression from *ape-like* to *human-like* does absolutely nothing to prove that humans evolved from apes!

24 Monkeys to Man Summary 1. Shape of jawbone: man-parabola, ape-U shaped

25 Monkeys to Man Summary 1. Shape of jawbone: man-parabola, ape-U shaped
2. Palate of mouth: man-arch, ape-flat

26 Monkeys to Man Summary 1. Shape of jawbone: man-parabola, ape-U shaped
2. Palate of mouth: man-arch, ape-flat Galata Baboon of today has parabola mouth and an arched palate.

27 Monkeys to Man Summary 1. Shape of jawbone: man-parabola, ape-U shaped
2. Palate of mouth: man-arch, ape-flat Galata Baboon of today has parabola mouth and an arched palate. 3. Teeth:man-same size, ape-large canine teeth

28 Monkeys to Man Summary 1. Shape of jawbone: man-parabola, ape-U shaped
2. Palate of mouth: man-arch, ape-flat Galata Baboon of today has parabola mouth and an arched palate. 3. Teeth:man-same size, ape-large canine teeth 4. Supposedly million years ago branching from apes occurred with man.

29 Monkeys to Man Summary 5. Piltdown Man (1912) : first claimed to be 500,000 yrs. old, flouride tests yielded about 2000 yrs. old. It is now known to be a modern monkey jaw with teeth filed down and stained to look old.

30 Who Was Piltdown Man?

31 Who Was Piltdown Man? Piltdown Man. It was declared an ape-man, 500,000 years old, and validated by many of Britain's leading scientists, including Grafton Elliot Smith, anatomist Sir Arthur Keith and British Museum geologist Arthur Smith Woodward. At the time the discovery was announced (1912), the New York Times ran this headline: "Darwin Theory Proved True." For the next four decades, Piltdown Man was evolution's greatest showcase, featured in textbooks and encyclopedias. But what did the Piltdown Man actually consist of? A very recent orangutan jaw, which had been stained to look old, with its teeth filed down to make them more human-looking, planted together with a human skull bone, also stained to create an appearance of age. Piltdown Man was found in 1912 in a gravel pit in Piltdown, England and was authoritatively declared to be an ape-man, a human-ape transitional form 500,000 years old by several eminent British scientists…

32 Who Was Piltdown Man? …among them anatomist Sir Arthur Keith of the British Museum. They were so confident of their discovery, they announced it to the world press as evidence: “(E)stablishing human descent from apes”…

33 Piltdown Man Made World Headlines in 1912…
Darwinists were so confident that they had the *missing link*, did they?

34 Piltdown Man Exposed as a Fraud!
“In 1953 Piltdown Man was exposed as a fraud…the skull was from a modern human…the jawbone and the teeth were from an orangutan.” OOPS!

35 The Joke’s on the Evolutionists!

36 Monkeys to Man Summary 1. Shape of jawbone: man-parabola, ape-U shaped
2. Palate of mouth: man-arch, ape-flat Galata Baboon of today has parabola mouth and an arched palate. 3. Teeth:man-same size, ape-large canine teeth 4. Supposedly million years ago branching from apes occurred with man. 5. Piltdown Man (1912) : first claimed to be 500,000 yrs. old, flouride tests yielded about 2000 yrs. old. It is now known to be a modern monkey jaw with teeth filed down and stained to look old. 6. Neanderthal Man: In museums as brutish and stuped over as ape. Now accepted as Homo Sapien with bone disease (Rickets and arthritis). World Book Encyclopedia,1977,vol.14,pg.85.

37 Monkeys to Man Summary 7. Peking Man: Davidson Black before WW2 found a tooth and he published on his findings.

38 Monkeys to Man Summary 8. Java Man (1891): Dr. Dubois, mentioned as similar to a large Gibbon.

39 Monkeys to Man Summary 9. Australopithecus-exctinct ape-Leakey's work in Oldivai Gorge in Africa; Dr. Oxnard of Chicago University states:"These are not ancestors of human beings."

40 Who Was “Lucy”?

41 Who Was “Lucy”? Donald Johanson, who discovered “Lucy”
National Geographic’s reconstruction of “Lucy” (Australopithecus Afarensis) done so with extensive “artistic license” Lucy’s actual remains

42 Was Lucy a Bonobo? Reconstruction of “Lucy” (Australopithecus Afarensis) Bonobo (Pygmy Chimpanzee) “Bonobos stand apart from the other great apes…Physically, their anatomy most closely resembles Australopithecus …Bonobos walk bipedally on two feet more easily and for longer periods of time than the other apes.” The Bonobo Conservation Initiative, What is a Bonobo,

43 IDENTICAL! Was Lucy a Bonobo? Reconstructed skull of Australopithecus
Bonobo skull Reconstructed skull of Australopithecus Afarensis specimen A.L.444-2 IDENTICAL!

44 Do Anatomical Studies Show That “Lucy” Was Bipedal?
“The arc sizes of the three semicircular canals (the balance organs located in the inner ear) affect the sensitivity of the sensory system that detects head rotations and contributes to the stabilization of gaze and control of locomotion.” Fred Spoor, Ph.D., Professor of  Evolutionary Anatomy Superior and lateral views of a left bony labyrinth, reconstructed from high-resolution CT scans

45 Anatomical Studies Showed “Lucy” didn’t Walk Upright…
“CAT scans of australopithecine inner ear canals reflecting posture and balance (by anatomist Dr. Fred Spoor and his colleagues at University College, London) showed they did not walk habitually upright.” F.Spoor, Ph.D. ‘Implications of Early Hominid Morphology for Evolution of Human Bipedal Locomotion’, Nature 369(6482): , 1994 Anatomist Fred Spoor, Ph.D.

46 Comparison of three knee joints…a Human, Chimp, and the knee purported to be Lucy’s…
Hadar knee found a year earlier,70 meters lower and over a mile away. National Geographic Nov issue. P. 593

47 Say “HI!” to Lucy…

48 Monkeys to Man Summary 10. Ramapithecus: early monkey, but was originally offered as the missing link from a handful of teeth and jawbone.

49 Who Was Ramapithecus? Ramapithecus: was once believed to be a human ancestor based on the flimsiest of evidence, a solitary jaw…                                         

50 Will the REAL Ramapithecus Please Stand Up…
“Ramapithecus was considered a possible human ancestor on the basis of the reconstructed jaw and dental characteristics of fragmentary fossils. A complete jaw discovered in 1976 was clearly nonhominid. Ramapithecus is now regarded by many as Sivapithecus, a genus considered to be an (extinct) orangutan.” OOPS!

51 Monkeys to Man Summary 11. Nebraska Man: tooth of pig, used as evidence in the Scopes Trial.

52 Who Was Nebraska Man?

53 Nebraska Man & His Wife’s *Remains*

54 Nebraska Man Was Exposed to be an Extinct Pig!!!!!
“The truth leaked out slowly and obscurely in the American Museum Novitiates for January 6, 1923, where nine authorities cited their objections to the claim that the tooth was anywhere near related to the primate…by 1927 it was begrudgingly concluded that the tooth was that of a species of Prosthennops, an extinct genus related to the modern wild pig.” (Ian Taylor, Nebraska Man Revisited, Creation 13(4):13 September 1991)

55 Will the Real Nebraska Man Please Stand Up?

56 Who Was Homo Floresiensis? (Flores Man)
This tiny human relative, whom we nicknamed Hobbit, lived just 18,000 years ago, a time when modern humans—people like us—were on the march around the globe. Yet it looked more like a diminutive version of human ancestors a hundred times older, from the other end of Asia…survivors from an earlier era, hanging on far from the main currents of human prehistory.Who were they? National Geographic April 2005 This tiny human relative, whom we nicknamed Hobbit, lived just 18,000 years ago, a time when modern humans—people like us—were on the march around the globe. Yet it looked more like a diminutive version of human ancestors a hundred times older, from the other end of Asia…survivors from an earlier era, hanging on far from the main currents of human prehistory.Who were they? National Geographic April 2005

57 Who Was Homo Floresiensis?
A comparative look at the skulls of Homo Floresiensis & modern humans reveals little or no difference!

58 Who Was Homo Floresiensis?
“The Indonesian comments about a pygmy Australomelanesian group of people is interesting in light of the many reports one used to hear from missionaries, mostly from the early part of last century and before, about what they often called “the little people.” were of an allegedly distinct (but now no longer extant) population of very small humans, i.e., a group quite distinguishable from the local Aboriginals. Could at least some of these have been the same (or a closely related) people group as those whose skeleton has been found on Flores?” Australomelanesian Pygmy…could his tribe have been mistaken for Flores Man? Carl Weiland, M.D., Ph.D.

59 Flores Man was a Pygmy with a deformed brain…
“However, an item posted on 1 November 2004 by Anatomy Professor M. Henneberg gives significant support to the ‘Flores Man’ was a microcephalic Henneberg is the Head of the Department of Anatomy at South Australia’s Adelaide University, and has studied human evolution for 32 years. He says that the dimensions of the face, nose and jaws do not differ significantly from those of modern humans, unlike the very small braincase.” Carl Weiland, M.D., Ph.D. Answers in Genesis Australia Flores Man was a Pygmy with a deformed brain…However, an item posted on 1 November 2004 by Anatomy Professor M. Henneberg gives significant support to the “Flores Man was a microcephalic view. Henneberg is the Head of the Department of Anatomy at South Australia’s Adelaide University, and has studied human evolution for 32 years. He says that the dimensions of the face, nose and jaws do not differ significantly from those of modern humans, unlike the very small braincase. Carl Weiland, M.D., Ph.D. Answers in Genesis Australia,

60 Supposed Human Evolution Doesn’t Pass For Real Science!
•“(P)erhaps generations of students of human evolution, including myself, have been flailing around in the dark; that our data base is too sparse, too slippery, for it to be able to mold our theories. Rather the theories are more a statement about us and ideology than about the past.” (American Scientist, Vol. 66, p. 379, May/June 1978)

61 God created man around 6000 years ago, not millions of years ago…
Scripture claims to be accurate history beginning with Genesis. It clearly shows that the first man Adam was created less than 10,000 years ago. This is revealed in the genealogies of Adam in Genesis 5.

62 The many faces of humanity…
Man has always been man, not many races but ONE human race… “And hath made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth” Acts 17:26 KJV Man has always been man, not many races but ONE human race… “And hath made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth” Acts 17:26 KJV

63 …all made in the image of God!
Genesis 1:26

64 So Why Is Creation Evangelism Really Important?

65 “…Because the Skeptics are ‘Willfully Ignorant’ ”

66 Today’s Culture is Willfully Ignorant…
“(T)hat scoffers will come in the Last Days, walking according to their own lusts, and saying, ‘Where is the promise of His coming? For since the fathers fell asleep, all things continue as they were from the beginning of creation.’ ” I Peter 3:3-4

67 Today’s Culture Is Like The Ancient Greeks…
…they perceive the Gospel of Christ as ‘foolishness’ because they largely have a pagan or ‘evolutionized’ philosophical base…a secularized worldview.

68 Is Evolutionism Really “Science”?
The myth that Creation is religion and Evolution is science is being continuously echoed in the public schools and the media virtually unchallenged!

69 Evolutionist Propaganda is Rampant in Today’s Schools…
Children are taught from kindergarten all the way through the universities that evolutionism is *science* and a *fact*. Why should we then wonder why they won’t listen?!

70 Evolutionist Propaganda is Rampant in Today’s Schools, it Starts Early…
I Can Read About Prehistoric Animals p. 1

71 Evolutionist Propaganda is Rampant in Today’s Schools, it Starts Early…

72 Today’s Culture is Willfully Ignorant… ‘Evolutionized!’
As a result it’s far more difficult to reach today’s young people for Christ than it was even a generation (20 years) ago!

73 Today’s Youth Culture is Willfully Ignorant… ‘Evolutionized!’
Why should we then wonder why they won’t listen?!   

74 Creation Evangelism is Extremely Important Today…
Creation Evangelism is an extremely powerful tool in helping to reach the neo-pagan, evolutionized culture of today!

75 The Power of Creation Evangelism…
Evangelism can effectively dismantle all evolutionism-based ideas that infest today’s culture!

76 Faith vs Faith Creationist Faith: Belief in an all-knowing, perfect, never-changing being who observed all past history events. Evolutionist Faith: Belief in limited knowledge, imperfect, always-changing being who was not present to observe past history events.

77 Truth Claims in Conflict
Materialism There is no God. Matter is self-existent. Matter is all there is. The cosmos is a closed system. Every event in the cosmos obeys changeless natural laws. Life’s emergence is nothing more than an outworking of these laws. Human beings are nothing more than soul-less animals. There is no rational basis for hope, meaning, esthetics, or morality. Theism God exists. God is self-existent. In addition to matter, there is non- material language, and created spirit beings with language ability. The cosmos is an open system, open to reordering both by God and by humans. Life and its genetic blue- prints are the product of intelligent creative action on God’s part. God has created human beings with godlike powers of language, volition, creativity, reason, self- awareness, and moral discernment.


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