1. Reading Comprehension-
Inference Questions
阅读理解专题--推理判断题

2. 推断题分类
阅读推理判断题
1. 推断隐含意义
2.推断作者观点或态度
3.推断写作目的
4.推断文章出处
5.推断上下文内容

3. Chinese. There are three men on a train.
Mr A speaks English and Chinese.
Mr B speaks French and English.
Mr C can only talk with Mr A.
What language does Mr C speak?     
Chinese.

4. 一、如何推断隐含意义 2.技巧点拨 1. Question forms:
It can be inferred from the text that
From the text we know that …is most likely
When the writer talks about …, what the writer
really means is
The writer suggests that
The story implies that
We can infer [conclude] from the passage
that
这类题干中通常含有infer, suggest, imply,
conclude等标志性词语。
一、如何推断隐含意义
2.技巧点拨
1).全面分析 2).忠实原文3).不要选择表层信息

5. 1
3.Practice:
(passage1)
Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall? Did it sound like a clock? If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called "the deathwatch beetle." （1分钟）
● The sound of this beetle ________.
A. pleased people B. surprised people C. frightened people. D. excited people.

6. Several different bison species have lived on the North American continent since the Ice Age; today only two exist. The wood bison is the larger of the two, and is now found mostly in western Canada. Better known in the United States is the Plains bison, or buffalo. At one time, herds of these animals could be sighed almost everywhere from the Appalachian Mountains in the East to the Rocky Mountains in the West.
● The author implies that several types of bison______.
A. live outside the United Stated and Canada
B. are well adapted to swampy terrain
C. existed before the Ice Age
D. have been killed or have died out 2 P3

7. Practice2
2. It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach. Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it. If you don’t turn it back over, all the sea animals under it or clinging to（依附）the underside will die.
The passage implies that rocks ________.
hurt sea animals
protect sea animals
C. won’t be found on beaches
D. can’t be found on beaches

8. Practice 3 One day a man walked a pet shop and said to the shop
assistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozen
roaches（蟑螂） and two spiders（蜘蛛）.”“What do you
need these things for?” the shop assistant was very
surprised.“Well，”replied the man，“I’m moving out of
my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave
the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”
The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the apartment, it was ______.
A. very clean
B. just cleaned by the landlord
C. tidy and comfortable
D. dirty and full of insects

9. 高考链接--2010湖南卷 4
Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced
her to the sidelines of the dance floor，she refuses to fall
into self­pity. “Everybody on earth can ask，‘why
me？’about something or other，”she insists. “It doesn’t
do any good. No one is immune (免疫的) to heartache
pain，and disappointments. Sometimes we can make
things better by helping others. I’ve come to realize the
importance of that as I’ve grown up this second time. I
want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be.”
5. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A. Mary feels pity for herself.
B. Mary has recovered from her disease.
C. Mary wants to help others as much as possible.
D．Mary determines to go back to the dance floor.

10. 5 高考链接--2010辽宁卷 topic sentence
Then the people realized what was happening. It was the
frog. They hadn’t been useless.They had been doing an
important job---eating insects. Now with so many frogs
killed, the insects were increasing more rapidly. They were
damaging the crops and spreading diseases.
Now, the peaple are still poor.But in the evenings they sit
in the village square and listen to sounds of insects and
frogs.These sounds of the night now have a much deeper
meaning .
topic sentence
What can we infer from the last sentence of the text ?
A. Happiness comes from peaceful life in the country
B.Health is more important than money
C.The harmony between man and nature is important
D. Good old days will never be forgotten

11. 二、如何推断作者观点和态度： 说明文中作者的态度: objective neutral （ 中立的）； 在议论文中，有：
(1)positive (积极的) (2)negative
(3)neutral (中立的) (4)approval
(5) disapproval
(6) indifferent
(7)sarcastic （讽刺的） (8)critical (批评的) (9)optimistic (10)pessimistic
客观的
消极的
(赞成的)
不赞成的
漠不关心的
悲观的
乐观的

12. 1. Question forms:
The writer’s attitude toward… is______.
The writer thought that______.
According to the author ______.
2.技巧点拨
注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，才能推断出作者的弦外之音。

13. 6 高考链接--2010江西卷 There was a time when some people’s lives were devoted
simply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle.
No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a much
gentler pace, and in a familiar pattern. There is much that
we might envy about a way of life like this. Yet before we
do so, we must think of the hard tasks our ancestors faced;
they farmed with bare hands, often lived close to hunger,
and had to fashion tools from wood and stone. Modern
machinery has freed people from that primitive existence.
What is the author’s attitude towards the modern
technology?
A. Critical B. Objective.
C. Optimistic D. Negative.

14. Passage 5.（江西卷）Just as crying can be healthy, not crying—holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering—can be bad for physical(身体的) health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, don’t fight it. It’s a natural—and healthy—emotional response(反应) （2分钟）
●According to the author, which of the following statements is true?
A. Crying is the best way to get help from others.
B. Fighting back tears may cause some health problems.
C. We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry.
D. We must cry if we want to reduce pressure. 3

15. Passage6.
Around the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Of course, there have always been people who have looked for adventure--- those who have climbed the highest mountains, traveled into unknown parts of the world or sailed in small boats across the greatest oceans. Now, however, there are people who look for an immediate excitement from a risky activity, which may only last a few minutes or even seconds.
I would consider bungee jumping（蹦极跳）to be a good example of such an activity. You jump from a high place (perhaps a bridge or a hot air balloon) 200 meters above the ground with an elastic（有弹性的）rope tied to your ankles. You fall at up to 150 kilometers an hour until the rope stops you from hitting the ground. It is said that about 2 million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. Other activities which most people would say as risky as bungee jumping include jumping from tall buildings and diving into the sea from the top of high cliffs. 4

16. Why do people take part in such activities as these
Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists（心理学家）suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring. Not very long ago, people's lives were constantly in danger. They had to go out and hunt for food, diseases could not easily be cured and life was a continuous battle for survival（生存）. 　　Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement. They live and work in comparatively safe conditions; they buy food in shops; and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill. The answer for some of these people is to look for danger in activities such as bungee jumping.
（5分钟）
●The writer of the text has a ____ attitude（态度）towards dangerous sports. 　A. positive（肯定的） B. negative（否定的）
C. neutral （中立的）　 D. nervous

17. 三、如何推断写作目的 1. Question forms: (1) 考查整篇文章的写作目的
A. The writer’s purpose of writing this passage is to _____.
B. What is the purpose of writing this article?
C. In writing the passage, the author intends to _____.

18. (2) 考查某处细节的写作意图
A. The writer uses the example of…to show that _____.
B. The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _____.
C. …are mentioned in the first paragraph to _____.

19. 2. 常见的写作目的归纳
不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的, 但写作目的通常有以下三种：
(1) to entertain readers（娱乐读者，让人发笑）
(2) to persuade readers（说服读者接受某种观点）
(3) to inform readers（告知读者某些信息）
常见于故事类的文章。to make people laugh; to tell an interesting experience
常见于广告类的文章。to sell a product or a service; to attract more visitors / readers / audience
多见于科普类﹑新闻报道类﹑文化类或社会类的文章.

20. 3. 技巧点拨
(1) 根据文体类别推断写作目的
(2) 从写作手法来推断写作目的

21. Passage7. “Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave? Or have you jumped in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves came over you?” asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh. “There is certainly a lot of energy in waves,” he said （1.5分钟）
●The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to ______.
A. test the readers’ knowledge about waves
B. draw the readers’ attention to the topic
C. show Jamie Taylor’s importance
D. invite the readers to answer them 5

22. 8 高考链接--2010北京卷 The Cost of Higher Education
Many people believe that higher education should be free
because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates
clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the
businesses that invest (投资)and create jobs. If you believe
that the government should pay for higher education
because graduates are economically productive, you
should also believe that the government should pay part of
business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should
receive a gift of capital from the government to invest.
Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who
should pay for their university education.
The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to ________.
A．argue against free university education
B．call on them to finance students’ studies
C．encourage graduates to go into business
D．show their contribution to higher education

23. Passage8 A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from Maliyuwa, a nearby village. They lived with the man's big family-his parents, his brothers, their wives and children. The family kept an elephant, in which the young woman soon took a great interest. Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar.
Three months later the woman went back to her parents' home, having quarreled with her husband. Soon the elephant refused to eat or work. It appeared to be ill and heart-broken. One morning after several weeks the animal disappeared from the house.
It went to the woman's home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it. The young woman was so moved by the act of the animal that she returned to her husband's home （3分钟）
●The writer wrote the story in order to________.
A. show that elephants are very clever
B. tell how a woman trained a wild animal
C. show that women care more for animals than men do
D. tell how an animal reunited a husband and wife 6

24. The passage is most likely to be taken from______.
四、如何推断文章出处
1. Question forms:
The passage is most likely to be taken from______.
Where would this passage most probably appear?
The passage is most likely a part of ___.
2. 解题技巧
这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其出处：(1) 报纸 (2)广告 (3)产品说明：

25. Passage9（全国卷）Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine? Do you know what is meant by “Take only as directed?” Read the following directions and see if you understand them.
To reduce pain, take two tablets(药片) with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night-time and early morning relief (缓解疼痛) take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours.
For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount (量). For children under six years old, ask your doctor’s advice.
Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.
●This text is most probably taken from a ______ （2分钟）
A. textbook B. newsreel
C. doctor’s notebook D. bottle of medicine 7

26. Passage10 More than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured（受伤）each year. At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third floor window. Wearing a seat belt（安全带）saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.
Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not, you could be fined up to $ 50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the driver's responsibility（责任）to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing seat belt of some kind.
However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing（倒退）your vehicle or you are making a local delivery（发送）or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances（情形）apply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it. （3分钟）
●This text is taken from _____.
A. a medical magazine 　　　　 B. a police report
C. an advertisement（广告）　　D. a government information booklet
（小册子）
More than 30,000… are killed or seriously injured（受伤）each year. 8
a police report
you could be fined up to $ 50
Remember you may be taken to court… you may be fined …

27. 9 Practice Don’t wander aimlessly through life. Get confused on
your goals, start helping others in need, and live life to the
fullest! Life is too short to be anything but happy. Visit my
blog and find what you’ve been missing. Sigh up for my
newsletter and get seven free ebooks, too! Read hundreds
of articles while you’re there in the article section, which is
updated daily.
This text must be taken from ___________
A a radio program B. a website
C. a newspaper D. a TV program

28. 五．推断上下文内容 Question forms: 2. 解题技巧
五．推断上下文内容 
Question forms:
The next paragraph would most probably deal with _______
The paragraph preceding this one would most likely discuss ______.
2. 解题技巧
推测下文的内容：根据作者的思路进行推理
推测上文的内容：关注第一段，特别是文段开始的几句话。

29. Passage 11
When early humans hunted and gathered food, they were not in control of their environment. They could only interact with their surroundings as lower organisms did. When humans learned to make fire, however, they became capable of altering their environment. To provide themselves with fuel they stripped bark from trees, causing the trees to die. Clearings were burned in forests to increase the growth of grass and to provide a greater grazing area for the wild animals that humans fed upon. This development led to farming and the domestication of animals. Fire also provided the means for cooking plants which had previously been inedible. Only when the process of meeting the basic need for food reached a certain level of sophistication was it possible for humans to follow other pursuits such as the founding of cities. （3分钟）
●The paragraph following this passage would most likely be about ____________.
A. fire B. hunting C. farming D. urbanization （城市化） 9

30. 总结
1.推断隐含意义,必须吃透相关文段的意思。
2.推断作者的写作意图，应当关注主题句,同时把握文章的体裁也可以推断作者的写作目的。

31. 3.推断作者的观点，应当全面理解文章的内容及文章的中心
思想。
4.推断下文的内容，必须特别关注最后一段的内容,尤其是最后的两三句话。