1. Deluge TinyOS Network Programming The real way to program your motes
Jonathan Hui
Computer Science Division
University of California, Berkeley
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

2. Network Programming is Essential
Retasking is essential
Often learn the about the environment after deployment (sensing data, network characteristics, etc.)
Retasking over the network is crucial
Embedded nature of sensor networks
Network scales reaching thousands of nodes
A necessity in debugging and testing cycle
Deluge addresses retasking via a new binary image.
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

3. TinyOS Technology Exchange
What is Deluge?
A reliable data dissemination protocol for large data objects over a multihop network.
Combined with a bootloader (TOSBoot)
 Network Programming
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

4. How Does Deluge Work? (Glossing over many details)
Nodes periodically advertise
I only have version 1.
Version 2 here.
I only have version 1.
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

5. How Does Deluge Work? (Glossing over many details)
Neighboring nodes request data
Send me page 1!
Send me page 1!
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

6. How Does Deluge Work? (Glossing over many details)
Requested data is sent
Packet 12
of page 1!
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

7. How Does Deluge Work? (Glossing over many details)
Dropped packets are NACKed
Repeat packet 4 of page 1!
Repeat packet 32 of page 1!
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

8. How Does Deluge Work? (Glossing over many details)
Dropped packets are sent again
Packet 4
of page 1!
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

9. How Does Deluge Work? (Glossing over many details)
Advertise for propagation to next hop
Version 2 here.
I only have version 1.
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

10. TinyOS Technology Exchange
Epidemic Propagation
Epidemic propagation from one source
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

11. TinyOS Technology Exchange
Epidemic Propagation
Epidemic propagation from one source or many
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

12. TinyOS Technology Exchange
Epidemic Propagation
Epidemic propagation from one source or many
Continuous propagation effort by all nodes
Reaches nodes with intermittent connectivity
Will find a path if it exists
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

13. TinyOS Technology Exchange
Deluge Features
Robustness
Epidemic propagation from one source or many
Redundant data integrity checks
Golden image
Rollback gesture
Isolated bootloader (TOSBoot)
Convenience
Wireless, multihop reprogramming
Store multiple program images
Low Overhead
Less than 150 bytes of RAM
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

14. TinyOS Technology Exchange
How to Use It
Deluge 1.0 since TinyOS
Mica2, Mica2-dot, MicaZ, and Telos.
For many apps, just wire StdControl
components DelugeC;
Main.StdControl -> DelugeC;
Integrated (by others) with many apps
Blink, Surge, TinyDB, etc.
eXtreme Scale Demo: 983 Nodes
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

15. TinyOS Technology Exchange
Deluge 2.0 (in beta)
Robustness
Hardware write protect on external flash chip.
Data-structures integrity protected by PC generated CRCs
Deluge version number information included in Deluge packets
Usability
Ping reply includes app name, compile time, user, host, size.
Auto-resume incomplete images and detection of identical images.
Auto-detection of identical images.
User confirmation to continue execution.
Auto-detection of Deluge vs. TOSBase.
In Sourceforge: tinyos-1.x/beta/Deluge
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

16. ROSEBUDS: Secure Dissemination
Implementation
Components: Nodes, (Owner’s) Server, Factory
Factory assigns node id (IEEE OUI + serial #)
Node generates ECC keys, gives pub key to Server
Factory signs [id, ECC pub key] at mfg time
Node preloaded w/ id, cert, Server RSA pub key
Server queries network for object version
Creates new package with version + 1
Performs Object Transmission
Security Overhead: ~ 14% more octets, larger packets
Crypto Suite
SHA-1 for hash (upper 64-bits) : ~ 13 ms/hash
RSA-1024 for signatures: ~ 1.5 s/check
ECCDH for node pair-wise key-exchange: ~ 1-2 min/key exchange
Status: prototype implementation of security but not yet integrated with dissemination service
Hash
Data
Head
Nonce
Sign 1 2
n-1 n
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

17. TinyOS Technology Exchange
Thanks
Demonstration today (of Deluge 2.0)!
tinyos-1.x/doc/deluge-manual.pdf
“The Dynamic Behavior of a Data Dissemination Protocol for Network Programming at Scale,” SenSys 2004.
Please provide feedback!
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

18. TinyOS Technology Exchange
Backup Slides
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange

19. TinyOS Technology Exchange
Methods for Retasking
Method
Flexibility
Cost
Frequency
Configuration Parameters
Low
High
Scripts/ ByteCode
Med
New Binary
Very High
Very Low
Deluge addresses retasking via a new binary image.
Feb. 11, 2005
TinyOS Technology Exchange