1. The Atomic Nature of Matter
Chapter 11
The Atomic Nature of Matter

2. Brownian motion has to do with the
size of atoms.
vibrations of atoms.
random motions of atoms and molecules.
rhythmic movements of Brownians.
Answer: C

3. Brownian motion has to do with the
size of atoms.
vibrations of atoms.
random motions of atoms and molecules.
rhythmic movements of Brownians.
Answer: C
Comment: It was Einstein’s investigation of Brownian motion that in 1922 won him the Nobel Prize in Physics.

4. It is correct to say that atoms that make up your body
were formed in ancient stars.
were previously a part of your neighbor’s bodies.
are in motion at all times.
All of these.
Answer: D

5. It is correct to say that atoms that make up your body
were formed in ancient stars.
were previously a part of your neighbor’s bodies.
are in motion at all times.
All of these.
Answer: D

6. Compared with the wavelength of visible light, atoms are
about the same size.
smaller.
larger.
fuzzier.
Answer: B

7. Compared with the wavelength of visible light, atoms are
about the same size.
smaller.
larger.
fuzzier.
Answer: B

8. Which of the following has the smallest mass?
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Except for slight differences, all have about the same mass.
Answer: C

9. Which of the following has the smallest mass?
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Except for slight differences, all have about the same mass.
Answer: C

10. The reason you don’t fall between the atoms in the floor you stand on involves
the small spaces between atoms.
electrical forces.
the rigidity of solids.
pressure.
Answer: B

11. The reason you don’t fall between the atoms in the floor you stand on involves
the small spaces between atoms.
electrical forces.
the rigidity of solids.
pressure.
Answer: B

12. An element is a substance consisting of
atoms of the same kind.
atoms or molecules of the same kind.
only protons.
protons and electrons in balance.
Answer: A

13. An element is a substance consisting of
atoms of the same kind.
atoms or molecules of the same kind.
only protons.
protons and electrons in balance.
Answer: A

14. The classic periodic table
has four legs.
lists the known elements.
is now outmoded and has been replaced by modeling programs.
None of the above.
Answer: B

15. The classic periodic table
has four legs.
lists the known elements.
is now outmoded and has been replaced by modeling programs.
None of the above.
Answer: B

16. Investigation of atoms sequenced along each horizontal row (period) of the periodic table shows that atoms decrease in
mass.
size.
atomic weight.
None of the above.
Answer: B

17. Investigation of atoms sequenced along each horizontal row (period) of the periodic table shows that atoms decrease in
mass.
size.
atomic weight.
None of the above.
Answer: B

18. If you add or subtract a proton to or from the nucleus of an atom, you produce
a completely different atom.
an isotope of the same atom.
an ion.
None of the above.
Answer: A

19. If you add or subtract a proton to or from the nucleus of an atom, you produce
a completely different atom.
an isotope of the same atom.
an ion.
None of the above.
Answer: A

20. The atomic number of an atom is defined in terms of its number of
protons.
neutrons.
protons and neutrons.
protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Answer: A

21. The atomic number of an atom is defined in terms of its number of
protons.
neutrons.
protons and neutrons.
protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Answer: A

22. The size of an atom is mostly determined by the space occupied by its
nucleus.
electrons.
protons.
neutrons.
Answer: B

23. The size of an atom is mostly determined by the space occupied by its
nucleus.
electrons.
protons.
neutrons.
Answer: B

24. Which of these elements has atoms of the greatest mass?
Helium
Carbon
Gold
Uranium
Answer: D

25. Which of these elements has atoms of the greatest mass?
Helium
Carbon
Gold
Uranium
Answer: D

26. Which of these elements has atoms with the greatest number of electrons?
Helium
Carbon
Gold
Uranium
Answer: D

27. Which of these elements has atoms with the greatest number of electrons?
Helium
Carbon
Gold
Uranium
Answer: D

28. Molecules are composed of
atoms.
electrons and protons.
atomic nuclei and orbiting electrons.
particles larger than atoms.
Answer: A

29. Molecules are composed of
atoms.
electrons and protons.
atomic nuclei and orbiting electrons.
particles larger than atoms.
Answer: A

30. Atoms combine to form molecules by way of
nuclear forces.
electric repulsion.
shared or exchanged electrons.
neutron attractions.
Answer: C

31. Atoms combine to form molecules by way of
nuclear forces.
electric repulsion.
shared or exchanged electrons.
neutron attractions.
Answer: C

32. A compound is composed of different kinds of atoms
mixed together.
moving at the same average speed.
in definite proportions.
in the gaseous form.
Answer: C

33. A compound is composed of different kinds of atoms
mixed together.
moving at the same average speed.
in definite proportions.
in the gaseous form.
Answer: C

34. The atoms in isotopes of a particular element have different numbers of
electrons.
protons.
neutrons.
electric charges.
Answer: C

35. The atoms in isotopes of a particular element have different numbers of
electrons.
protons.
neutrons.
electric charges.
Answer: C

36. Isotopes of a given element differ in
atomic number.
mass number.
electron number.
their place in the periodic table.
Answer: B

37. Isotopes of a given element differ in
atomic number.
mass number.
electron number.
their place in the periodic table.
Answer: B

38. The shell model of the atom views electrons as occupying
shells.
three-dimensional orbitals.
circular or elliptical orbits.
standing waves.
Answer: A

39. The shell model of the atom views electrons as occupying
shells.
three-dimensional orbitals.
circular or elliptical orbits.
standing waves.
Answer: A
Explanation: Straight-forward enough? Are you acquainted with friends who feel a straight answer can’t be the one to pick—that there’s always a trick? Ask with a straight face, “What really is ” Is there a long pause in answering?

40. If 1. 0 gram of antimatter meets with 4
If 1.0 gram of antimatter meets with 4.0 grams of matter, the energy released would correspond to the energy equivalent of
1 gram.
2 grams.
4 grams.
much more than 4 grams.
Answer: B

41. If 1. 0 gram of antimatter meets with 4
If 1.0 gram of antimatter meets with 4.0 grams of matter, the energy released would correspond to the energy equivalent of
1 gram.
2 grams.
4 grams.
much more than 4 grams.
Answer: B