1. Critical Introduction to Open Access Scholarly Outputs in Public Health NECOBELAC in association with Irish Institute of Public Health Dublin, 9th May 2012
Bill Hubbard
Centre for Research Communications
University of Nottingham

2. What is Open Access
An old tradition and a new technology have converged to make possible an unprecedented public good. The old tradition is the willingness of scientists and scholars to publish the fruits of their research in scholarly journals without payment, for the sake of inquiry and knowledge. The new technology is the internet. The public good they make possible is the world-wide electronic distribution of the peer-reviewed journal literature and completely free and unrestricted access to it by all scientists, scholars, teachers, students, and other curious minds. Removing access barriers to this literature will accelerate research, enrich education, share the learning of the rich with the poor and the poor with the rich, make this literature as useful as it can be, and lay the foundation for uniting humanity in a common intellectual conversation and quest for knowledge.
Budapest Open Access Initiative February 14, 2002, Budapest, Hungary

3. Why Open Access? Serials crisis Researcher need for access
Public need for access
Moral case
Author’s benefits
Institutional benefits
Financial rationale
Because we can!

4. What is Open and what is Access?
Accessible for processing?
Accessible by the public?
Accessible by the world?
Open to read?
Open to use?
Open to re-use?

5. What is Open Access Publications Data Grey literature
Conference papers
Theses
Arts multimedia
Teaching and Learning materials
. . . what else?

6. What Open Access is not . . . A subversion of peer-review
but academics may want to modify current models
A replacement for publication
but the world may want to move that way
An invitation to plagiarism
and it may actually become the norm to prevent plagiarism
An attack on copyright
but it does throw up some anomalies which lead creators and users to question copyright in its current form

7. How is Open Access achieved?
Just sticking it on the web somewhere
and why that’s not a good idea
Repositories
Subject based
Institutionally based
Government based
Funder based
Journals
Open Access Journals
Hybrid Journals

8. Repository Open Access
Author writes paper
pre-print
Deposit in e-print repository
Submits to journal
Paper refereed
Revised by author
post-print
Author submits final version
published
version
Article published in a journal

9. Journal Open Access Author writes paper Submits to journal
Paper refereed
Revised by author
Author submits final version
Article published in a journal

10. Who wants Open Access? Authors like it Researchers like it
Librarians like it
Institutions like it
Funders like it
Research assessment workers like it
Knowledge transfer workers like it
Public likes it
Publishers are split

11. Public investment compared to publishers’ service12 10 8 6
money - £ thousands 4 2
time - months
Blue box - Public investment
e.g. 2 year project, £300,000
£12,500 per month
£300,000 over 24 months
(and public access to results may be unavailable)
Red box - Publisher’s investment
e.g. charge of £1,800
£600 per month
£1,800 over about 3 months
(and expenses recouped through advance payment of subscriptions)

12. Where we are so far . . . Repositories Journals Funder policies
2186 worldwide, 14 Ireland UK-based
Journals
7696 journals worldwide - plus hybrids
Funder policies
Publications: 68, Data: 27, OA Journals: 38
Institutional policies
145 policies reported, plus etheses
Services and processes in place

13. Where we are so far . . . NIH in the States UK - Finch Committee
UK - David Willetts recent speech
European Commission - Neelie Kroes

14. Change is coming . . .
Developments in the web and ICT alone will produce substantial change and may be the major mechanism for change to current practice . . .
Financial incentives are changing across Europe
10 years timescale - what changes are coming down the track and what responses are needed?

16. Mendeley 1,319,469 People 112,949 Groups 30,529 Institutions
129,692,213 Papers

17. Change is here . . . Search for “cancer cures” in Google
Cancer Options: The Surprising Power of Mother Nature!!
God has been good to His children by putting hundreds of natural substances in Mother Nature which can help all cancer patients in many different ways!! Mother Nature's cancer treatments are called "natural cancer treatments" or "alternative cancer treatments."
For example, the late Dr. William D. Kelley, a dentist by training, used alternative cancer treatments to treat more than 33,000 cancer patients. He used special diets, proteolytic enzymes, and other natural substances. Dr. Kelley was able to cure more than 90% of the cancer patients who went to him instead of using chemotherapy, radiation and surgery!!
Compare Dr. Kelley's cure rate of 90% to the overall cure rate of less than 3% of orthodox medicine!!

18. Change is here . . .
OA repositories and journals offer open access, but with control, authority, transparency and commercial clarity
OA repositories and journals offer a route for healthcare information to be made available to the public, journalists, healthcare professionals and researchers

19. Questions? Bill Hubbard Head of Centre for Research Communications