Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
1
A hydrostatic skeleton would be found in a(an) _____.
10 lizard cockroach earthworm fish
2
Which of the following is not one of the three basic types of skeletons?
10 endoskeleton exoskeleton hydrocarbon skeleton hydrostatic skeleton
3
Which of the following is not one of the three basic types of skeletons?
10 endoskeleton exoskeleton hydrocarbon skeleton hydrostatic skeleton
4
All vertebrates have a(an) _____.
10 exoskeleton endoskeleton bony skeleton cartilaginous skeleton
5
Bone-forming cells that secrete matrix minerals are _____.
10 osteoblasts osteoclasts osteocytes osteopores
6
Yellow marrow contains mostly _____.
blood cells osteoblasts compact bone fat cells
7
When osteoblast activity decreases and bone density severely declines, the result is _____.
osteocytes osteoporosis spongy bone rickets
8
The dense connective tissues that strap the bones of joints together and permit movement are _____.
tendons ligaments matrix marrow
9
A degenerative disorder in which the cartilage in joints wears away is _____.
osteoporosis osteoblastitis osteoarthritis osteocystitis
10
Biceps and triceps are an example of _____.
leg muscles opposing muscle groups smooth muscle cardiac muscle
11
In order for skeletal muscles to produce body movement, they _____.
must contract must be near joints must be attached to bones all of the choices
12
How do skeletal muscles contract?
tendons pull on muscles and shorten them nerves pull on muscles and shorten them proteins shorten individual muscle cells the outer sheath pulls on the tendons
13
Muscle bundles, fibers and filaments all run in the same parallel direction because _____.
contraction pulls a bone in one particular direction they form flat sheets it allows them to connect to bones and tendons the muscle sheath is long and thin
14
During exercise, _____ provides the energy for muscle contraction.
ADP ATP phosphate lactic acid
15
A muscle twitch _____. is produced by a motor unit
consists of a brief contraction and relaxation is stimulated by a motor neuron all of the choices
16
A temporary decrease in a muscle's ability to generate force is called _____.
muscle fatigue cramp tetanus twitch
17
Muscular dystrophy _____.
is a genetic disorder causes muscles to weaken and degenerate cannot be cured all of the choices
18
The vertebrae of the vertebral column _____.
surround the spinal cord are cushioned by cartilaginous disks are attached to paired muscles all of the choices
19
The circulatory system _____.
consists of the heart and blood vessels circulates blood through the body maintains the body's internal environment all of the choices
20
Which of the following has a two-chambered heart?
amphibians birds fish mammals
21
In blood, oxygen is carried primarily by _____.
plasma platelets red blood cells white blood cells
22
In the human cardiovascular system, _____ carry blood away from the heart and _____ carry blood toward the heart. arteries, capillaries coronary arteries, veins veins, arteries arteries, veins
23
The heart chamber that pumps blood to the systemic circulation is the _____.
left ventricle right ventricle left atrium right atrium
24
What is the function of a heart valve?
to supply the heart muscle with oxygen to separate the heart into left and right chambers to keep blood moving in one direction to make the heart contract
25
Which type of blood vessel has the strongest, thickest walls?
artery arteriole capillary vein
26
Which process would tend to lower blood pressure?
vasodilation vasoconstriction atherosclerosis stress
27
Most exchange of materials between blood and tissues occurs through _____.
arteries arterioles capillaries veins
28
Which types of blood vessels have valves?
arteries arterioles capillaries veins
29
The main function of the respiratory system is _____.
gas exchange breathing energy production transportation of oxygen to tissues
30
reptiles birds mammals amphibians
To supply their higher metabolic needs, the respiratory system of _____ provides a constant flow of fresh air across the respiratory surfaces. reptiles birds mammals amphibians
31
Lungs are the only respiratory organs in all of the following animals, except _____.
reptiles birds mammals amphibians
32
In addition to gas exchange, the respiratory system also _____.
helps blood in veins return to the heart helps dispose of excess heat and water helps maintain acid-base balance all of the choices
33
The vocal cords are located in the _____.
pharynx larynx trachea oral cavity
34
In the respiratory cycle, the main muscles used are the _____.
intercostal and diaphragm pharynx and larynx bronchiole and alveoli oral and pleural
35
Oxygen that enters the pulmonary capillaries of the lungs is bound and transported by _____.
hemoglobin platelets plasma carbon dioxide
36
Carbon dioxide is mostly produced in _____ and transported to the lungs as ____.
cells of body tissues, bicarbonate alveoli, gas blood, carbohydrates veins, hemoglobin
37
Red marrow _____. is found in long bones fills spaces in spongy bones
is found in long bones fills spaces in spongy bones produces red blood cells all of the choices
38
The cells that secrete substances that dissolve matrix and break down bone are _____.
10 osteoblasts osteoclasts osteocytes osteopores
39
What factor increases the risk of osteoporosis?
10 menopause smoking alcohol or steroid use all of the choices
40
A sprain is the result of a torn or broken _____.
10 long bone ligament matrix cartilage
41
In paired, opposing muscle groups _____.
10 forces are equalized so the joint cannot move the action of one reverses the action of the other one group is smooth muscle and the other striated muscle pairs are mirror images on the left and right sides of the body
42
The purpose of a tendon is to _____.
10 attach bone to bone attach skin to bone attach muscle to bone all of the choices
43
The molecules that work together to shorten muscles are _____.
10 myofibrils and fibers sarcomeres and Z bands actin and myosin filaments and the outer sheath
44
Actin is _____, and myosin is _____.
10 a globular protein, a motor protein part of a thin filament, part of a thick filament formed into a coiled strand, formed into a club shape all of the choices
45
The sliding-filament model for contraction of a sarcomere requires _____.
10 formation of cross-bridges between actin and myosin filaments energy calcium ions released form the sarcoplasmic reticulum all of the choices
46
ATP that provides energy for muscle contraction is produced by _____.
10 motor neurons aerobic respiration regular exercise sunlight
47
Brief stimulation of muscle fibers by a motor neuron produces _____.
10 a muscle twitch muscle fatigue muscle cramp tetanus
48
Tetanus _____. results from rapidly repeated muscle stimulation
10 results from rapidly repeated muscle stimulation is a sustained contraction is a disease caused by a bacterial toxin all of the choices
49
Blood mixes with interstitial fluid in _____.
10 animals with open circulatory systems the heart capillaries all vertebrates
50
In blood, the _____ defend the body against pathogens.
10 plasma platelets red blood cells white blood cells
51
aorta vein pulmonary artery capillary
In the human cardiovascular system, which blood vessel carries the most oxygen? 10 aorta vein pulmonary artery capillary
52
heart liver lungs brain
As the cardiovascular system regulates blood flow throughout the body, which organ requires an unvarying blood supply? 10 heart liver lungs brain
53
Systolic blood pressure is defined as _____.
10 the blood pressure in capillaries the average systemic blood pressure the highest pressure contracting ventricles exert against the wall of the artery the lowest arterial blood pressure of a cardiac cycle
54
If fluid from capillaries accumulates in interstitial spaces, the result is called _____.
10 osmosis edema diffusion interstitial fluid
55
buildup of lipids and tissues hemostasis angioplasty
Atherosclerotic plaque that can cause thrombus, embolus or stroke is the result of _____ in arteries. 10 hypertension buildup of lipids and tissues hemostasis angioplasty
56
Gas exchange across the respiratory surface requires rapid diffusion, which is increased by _____.
10 increasing the area of the respiratory surface decreasing the partial pressure increasing the metabolic activity decreasing ventilation
57
Gas exchange in the lungs occurs in the _____.
10 pharynx trachea bronchioles alveoli
58
In the respiratory cycle, _____ is active and _____ is passive.
10 inhalation, exhalation breathing, speech exhalation, inhalation speech, breathing
Similar presentations
