1. Federalism
Ms. Hosbach
Civics

2. What is federalism?
One of our Core Democratic Values—(Constitutional Principles)
Refers to “a form of government in which power is divided between the federal (or national) government and the states.”

3. Where does this concept come from?
Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists
The Federalists were those who supported the Constitution in its original form (without the amendments)
Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay were the most famous federalists

4. Anti-Federalists
The Anti-Federalists OPPOSED the Constitution for two reasons:
They “felt it gave too much power to the national government and took too much away from the states.”
The original Constitution did not include a bill of rights that would protect “certain individual liberties, such as the freedoms of speech and religion.”

5. QUICK QUIZ! LET’S SEE WHAT YOU LEARNED!
COMPROMISE!
Finally the Federalists agreed to include a bill of rights if the Anti-Federalists promised to support adoption of the Constitution.
This eventually lead to the adoption of twenty-seven total amendments that make up the Constitution we know today!
QUICK QUIZ! LET’S SEE WHAT YOU LEARNED!

6. What do we call the supporters of the Constitution?
Anti-Federalists
Federalists

7. CORRECT!!
The Federalists were those (like James Madison) who supported the Constitution in its original form (without the amendments)

8. TRY AGAIN!
The Anti-Federalists OPPOSED the Constitution for two reasons:
They “felt it gave too much power to the national government and took too much away from the states.”
The original Constitution did not include a bill of rights that would protect “certain individual liberties, such as the freedoms of speech and religion.”

9. So…if federalism is the dividing of power between the national government and states…
WHO GETS WHAT POWER?

10. National Government
Powers given only to the national government are called enumerated (or expressed) powers.
The national government is the ONLY one who can:
Pass all laws necessary and proper to carry out its powers (Necessary and Proper Clause from the Constitution)
Conduct foreign affairs (e.g. Power to make treaties)
Raise and support an army (e.g. declare war)
Coin and print money
Establish a postal system
Govern U.S. territories, admit new states, and regulate immigration
Regulate trade with other countries and among the states

11. Think about it…
Is there a Michigan Dollar?? Or a Texas dollar?
Can Michigan make a peace treaty with Canada?
Can California declare war on Mexico?
Is there a Michigan postal service?
Can Arizona make a trade agreement with Mexico?
NO!
YES!

12. YOU’RE RIGHT! So what powers do state governments have??
ONLY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS THE POWER TO DO THESE THINGS
THESE ARE THE EXPRESSED POWERS!
So what powers do state governments have??
Click on Michigan to find out!

13. NO!
THESE STATES DON’T HAVE THE POWER TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS BECAUSE EACH OF THESE IS AN EXPRESSED POWER OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT:
Establish a postal system
Govern U.S. territories, admit new states, and regulate immigration
Regulate trade with other countries and among the states
Pass all laws necessary and proper to carry out its powers
Conduct foreign affairs (e.g. Power to make treaties)
Raise and support an army (e.g. declare war)
Coin and print money
TRY AGAIN!

14. State Governments
The powers that are NOT given to the national government are kept by the states, and are called reserved powers.
State governments can:
Make rules for marriage and divorce
Regulate trade WITHIN states
Establish a public school system
Establish local governments
Conduct elections, determine qualifications of voters

15. BUT WAIT! WHAT ABOUT SHARING POWER BETWEEN THE TWO???
Think about it…
Requirements for marriage, and divorce, vary by state
State governments determine what classes are necessary to graduate high school
On election night, votes are tallied and announced by each STATE
Who gives you your drivers license?
Who gave me my teaching certificate?
BASICALLY, each state is in charge of handling its own affairs, and the national government only steps in when issues seep outside a states borders.
BUT WAIT! WHAT ABOUT SHARING POWER BETWEEN THE TWO???

16. Shared Powers
Powers that are SHARED between national and state governments are called CONCURRENT powers.
Both governments can do these things:
Enforce laws
Collect taxes
Establish courts and prisons
Borrow money

17. Think about it… QUIZ TIME!
There are both national laws and state laws we MUST obey
There are federal level law enforcement agencies (e.g. FBI) in addition to state and local authorities (Michigan State Police and Lapeer City Police Department)
Depending on the crime, you might go to federal prison or a state prison
Again, depending on the crime, some trials are held in a federal court, others in local courts
You pay both state and federal income taxes
State governments can borrow money from the national government, and them from other countries
QUIZ TIME!

18. NOW IT’S TIME TO SEE WHAT YOU REMEMBER…
ON EACH WORD OR PHRASE, DECIDE WHETHER YOU THINK IT IS REFERRING TO:
EXCLUSIVE POWERS OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
EXCLUSIVE POWERS OF STATE GOVERNMENTS
POWERS SHARED BY BOTH
HERE WE
GO!

19. THE POWER TO COLLECT TAXES
EXCLUSIVE TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
EXCLUSIVE TO STATE GOVERNMENTS
POWERS SHARED BY BOTH

20. CORRECT! COLLECTING TAXES IS A CONCURRENT POWER
WE PAY BOTH FEDERAL AND STATE INCOME TAX

21. TRY AGAIN!
STATES CAN COLLECT TAXES TOO! JUST LOOK AT YOUR PAYCHECK!

22. TRY AGAIN!
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT CAN COLLECT TAXES TOO! JUST LOOK AT YOUR PAYCHECK!

23. THE POWER TO ESTABLISH SCHOOLS
EXCLUSIVE TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
EXCLUSIVE TO STATE GOVERNMENTS
POWERS SHARED BY BOTH

24. WAY TO GO!
STATES ARE IN CHARGE OF SETTING UP SCHOOLS AND DETERMINING WHAT IS REQUIRED OF STUDENTS

25. OOPS!
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT DOESN’T ESTABLISH OUR SCHOOLS…STATES DO!

26. EXCLUSIVE TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT EXCLUSIVE TO STATE GOVERNMENTS
EXPRESSED POWERS
EXCLUSIVE TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
EXCLUSIVE TO STATE GOVERNMENTS
POWERS SHARED BY BOTH

27. WOOHOO!
EXPRESSED POWERS REFERS TO POWERS ONLY GIVEN TO THE NATIONAL (OR FEDERAL) GOVERNMENT

28. UH-OH! DOUBLE CHECK YOUR VOCABULARY:
Powers given only to the national government are called enumerated (or expressed) powers.

29. THE POWER TO REGULATE TRADE WITHIN STATES
EXCLUSIVE TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
EXCLUSIVE TO STATE GOVERNMENTS
POWERS SHARED BY BOTH

30. NICE WORK!
INDIVIDUAL STATES ARE IN CHARGE OF REGULATING WHAT GOES ON WITHIN THEIR BORDERS

31. NOT QUITE…
INDIVIDUAL STATES ARE IN CHARGE OF REGULATING WHAT GOES ON WITHIN THEIR BORDERS
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT DOES NOT STEP IN

32. THE POWER TO MAKE RULES FOR MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE
EXCLUSIVE TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
EXCLUSIVE TO STATE GOVERNMENTS
POWERS SHARED BY BOTH

33. YOU GOT IT!
FOR EXAMPLE, MICHIGAN HAS DIFFERENT LAWS ABOUT DIVORCE PROCEEDINGS AND RULES THAN ILLINOIS DOES

34. OH NO!
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT DOESN’T GET INVOLVED IN MARRIAGE OR DIVORCE ISSUES. EACH STATE HAS ITS OWN RULES

35. THE POWER TO MAKE TREATIES WITH OTHER COUNTRIES
EXCLUSIVE TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
EXCLUSIVE TO STATE GOVERNMENTS
POWERS SHARED BY BOTH

36. YESSSSSSSSSSSS!!
YOU REMEMBERED THAT MICHIGAN IS NOT GOING TO MAKE A TREATY WITH CANADA ON ITS OWN! THAT’S UP TO THE AUTHORITY OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

37. SILLY!
HAVE YOU ALREADY FORGOTTEN?? MICHIGAN IS NOT GOING TO MAKE A TREATY WITH CANADA ON ITS OWN! THAT’S UP TO THE AUTHORITY OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ONLY!

38. THE POWER TO ENFORCE LAWS
EXCLUSIVE TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
EXCLUSIVE TO STATE GOVERNMENTS
POWERS SHARED BY BOTH

39. RIGHT!
AS CITIZENS WE MUST FOLLOW BOTH STATE AND NATIONAL LAWS. FOR THOSE WHO DON’T OBEY THESE LAWS, THERE ARE FEDERAL LEVEL LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES (e.g. FBI) IN ADDITION TO STATE AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES (Michigan State Police and Lapeer City Police Department)

40. TRY AGAIN!
AS CITIZENS WE MUST FOLLOW BOTH STATE AND NATIONAL LAWS. FOR THOSE WHO DON’T OBEY THESE LAWS, THERE ARE FEDERAL LEVEL LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES (e.g. FBI) IN ADDITION TO STATE AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES (Michigan State Police and Lapeer City Police Department)

41. THE POWER TO BORROW MONEY
EXCLUSIVE TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
EXCLUSIVE TO STATE GOVERNMENTS
POWERS SHARED BY BOTH

42. CORRECT!
State governments can borrow money from the national government, and the national government from other countries

43. DID YOU FORGET ALREADY?
State governments can borrow money from the national government, and the national government from other countries

44. EXCLUSIVE TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT EXCLUSIVE TO STATE GOVERNMENTS
CONCURRENT POWERS
EXCLUSIVE TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
EXCLUSIVE TO STATE GOVERNMENTS
POWERS SHARED BY BOTH

45. YOU REMEMBERED!!
Powers that are SHARED between national and state governments are called CONCURRENT powers.

46. TRY AGAIN! WE MAY NEED TO WORK ON YOUR VOCABULARY:
Powers that are SHARED between national and state governments are called CONCURRENT powers.

47. EXCLUSIVE TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT EXCLUSIVE TO STATE GOVERNMENTS
THE POWER TO COIN MONEY
EXCLUSIVE TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
EXCLUSIVE TO STATE GOVERNMENTS
POWERS SHARED BY BOTH

48. WOOHOO!!
YOU REMEMBERED!!
ONLY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS THE POWER TO COIN MONEY
MICHIGAN DOESN’T HAVE IT’S OWN CURRENCY

49. OOPS! ONLY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS THE POWER TO COIN MONEY
MICHIGAN DOESN’T HAVE IT’S OWN CURRENCY

50. EXCLUSIVE TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT EXCLUSIVE TO STATE GOVERNMENTS
RESERVED POWERS
EXCLUSIVE TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
EXCLUSIVE TO STATE GOVERNMENTS
POWERS SHARED BY BOTH

51. HOORAY!
YOU REMEMBERED!
The powers that are NOT given to the national government are kept by the states, and are called reserved powers.

52. UH-OH! LET’S WORK ON THAT VOCABULARY!
The powers that are NOT given to the national government are kept by the states, and are called reserved powers.
When you RESERVE something, you hold it for something else. The national government is reserving certain powers for the states to have to create the balance that is FEDERALISM!

53. THE POWER TO ESTABLISH COURTS AND PRISONS
EXCLUSIVE TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
EXCLUSIVE TO STATE GOVERNMENTS
POWERS SHARED BY BOTH

54. BUT IF YOU DO THE CRIME YOU WILL DO THE TIME…SOMEWHERE!!!
GOOD JOB!
Depending on the crime, you might go to federal prison or a state prison
BUT IF YOU DO THE CRIME YOU WILL DO THE TIME…SOMEWHERE!!!

55. BUT IF YOU DO THE CRIME YOU WILL DO THE TIME…SOMEWHERE!!!
TRY AGAIN!
Depending on the crime, you might go to federal prison or a state prison
BUT IF YOU DO THE CRIME YOU WILL DO THE TIME…SOMEWHERE!!!

56. AND YOU’RE DONE!!!