1. Chapter 11: Political Developments in the Early Republic
Mr. Meza
8th Grade U.S. History

2. 11.3 “Washington as President”
New government lacked funds
The excise tax upsets farmers in Pennsylvania
The Whiskey Rebellion
The French Revolution
Washington’s farewell address points out two threats
Problems with countries
Political disagrements

3. 1. What three departments made up President Washington’s cabinet?
Department of State = handle relations with other countries
The Department of War = to defend the nation
The Treasury Department = oversee the nation’s finances `

4. 2. What did Congress agree to do in 1791, why?
Placed an excise tax on whiskey and other luxury goods (production or sale of a product)
Because the new government lacked funds

5. 3. What happened in western Pennsylvania in 1794?
The Whiskey Rebellion
Tax rebels (“Whiskey Boys”) tarred and feathered tax collectors

6. 4. How did President Washington react to the rebellion?
Viewed the rebellion as a threat to the authority of the Nat‘l government
Led 13,000 troops to stop the rebellion

7. 5. According to Washington, what two threats faced the nation’s future?
Problems with other countries
Fighting with parties could tear the country apart

8. 11.4 – “Alexander Hamilton and the Federalist Party”
Delegate from New York born in the West Indies
Limit the power of the common people
“Best people” – educated, wealthy, public-spirited men
Strong economy/national bank, 1791
Loose construction – flexibility or broad interpretation of the Constitution
The French Revolution

9. 6. Characteristics of the Federalist Party..
Favored strong central government
National bank
The “best people” rule – wealthy, educated men
Minimal power to common people

10. 7. What did Hamilton believe would make the U.S. great?
A strong economy
National bank

11. 8. What is loose construction?
To give Congress powers not specified in the Constitution
Allow Congress to create a national bank

12. 9. What would a national bank provide?
Help collect taxes
Print paper money
Loans for businesspeople (factories and ships)

13. 10. Why did Federalist favor a good relationship with G.B.?
G.B. was a powerful country the U.S. would hope to become one day
Powerful and respected

14. 11.5 “Thomas Jefferson and the Republican Party”
Opposed federalist views on a national government and supported a state government
Democracy (informed citizens make good decisions)
Strict construction – only powers specified in the Constitution
Economy based on agriculture

15. 11. Characteristics of the Republican Party..
Believed in a small government with limited powers
Common people should have power

16. 12. What is Strict Construction?
Narrow interpretation of the Constitution
Congress only had the powers specified in the Constitution

17. 13. What kind of government was favored by Republicans?
Believed state governments were closer to the people and easy to control
Limited powers

18. 14. What were republican views on the economy?
Favored an economy based on agriculture
National bank only loaned to businessmen not farmers

19. Federalist vs. Republicans
Alexander Hamilton
(Federalist)
-Opposed giving power to the common people
-”Best people” should run government
- Strong National government
- National bank, 1791
Thomas Jefferson
(Republican)
- Small government with limited powers
- Favored state governments
- Favored an economy based on agriculture
Americans

20. 15. What were the Alien and Sedition Acts?
A set of laws aimed at non-citizens
Republicans saw it as an attack to their party and their freedom of speech and press

21. 16.What is the state rights theory?
Rights not specifically given to the federal government remain with the state
States could nullify laws = refused to recognize federal laws

22. 17. What is the twelfth amendment?
(1804) Calls for the Electoral College to cast separate ballots for president and vice-president
Was added to avoid ties in a presidential election

23. 18. Why is the election of 1800 considered a peaceful revolution?
Power passed from one party (Federalist) to another (Republican) without violence