1. Busy Farms and Seaports
Unit 3, Chapter 6, Lesson 3
Pages 240 – 245

2. OBJECTIVES Explain why people chose to settle in the Middle Colonies
Understand the types of jobs and businesses that people had in the Middle Colonies

3. RICH FARMLANDS Middle Colonies  very fertile soil
Most people made their living by farming
New England Colonies  soil is rocky, not as good for farming

4. Crops, Livestock, & Trade
Main Crops: Wheat, Corn, and Rye
Dairy cows & Pigs also abundant in the Middle Colonies
Farmers – traveled to market towns
Sell or trade livestock
Gristmill – ground grain to flour

5. Port City
Merchants at merchant towns took the good they bought from farmers to port cites
Port cities were major trade centers in the Middle Colonies
Prosperity – economic success, depended on port cities

6. New York NYC – most important trade city Hudson River
Farmers, fur traders, and lumber workers would float goods down the river to NYC
1664 – only 30 ships each year
1750 – 600 ships each year
2nd busiest port in the English colonies

7. Philadelphia The busiest port Built along the Delaware River
Farmers, merchants, & traders moved to Philadelphia
Goods sent down Delaware River to the port
From Philadelphia goods sailed down to Delaware Bay and then across the Atlantic

8. Exports and Imports
Exports: same as New England (furs, meat, lumber), but they also exported wheat and grains
Remember: EXPORT = EXIT from the Colonies to another location
Imports(from England): Furniture, tea, gunpowder, medicines, metals, and slaves

9. Colonial Jobs Farming Shipping Skilled trades: iron working
Artisans – craft workers – most came as indentured servants

10. Making Goods
Artisans used raw materials to make goods

11. BLACKSMITHS
USED IRON TO FORM HORSESHOES AND TOOLS

12. COOPERS
MADE BARRELS OUT OF WOOD

13. CARPENTERS
USED WOOD TO BUILD HOUSES AND SHIPS

14. BRICKLAYERS
WORKED WITH STONE AND CLAY TO PAVE STREETS AND RAISE BUILDINGS

15. ARTISANS DEPENDING ON FARMING
BAKERS
BUTCHERS
FLOUR MILLERS
SOAP MAKERS

16. DRESSMAKERS & TAILORS
USED WOOL, LINEN, AND COTTON TO MAKE CLOTHING

17. TANNERS
TURNED ANIMAL SKIN INTO LEATHER

18. COBBLERS
MADE SHOES

19. Learning a Trade
Rich families went to college to be lawyers, bankers, or ministers
Skill Artisan work not taught in college
Apprentice – lived and worked with an artisan & his family for several years to learn a skill
Journeyman then a Master
Artisan jobs practiced by men

20. Women Little work outside the home
Most not allowed to own property or business
Once married, husband became owner of everything she had
If the husband died, a wife would take over husbands business

21. How did people in the Middle Colonies learn to do skilled jobs?
They became apprentices, living and working with artisans to learn skills. They then became journeyman and finally masters.

22. What is a grist mill?
A place to ground grain into flour