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Welcome to...
The Show of the Century
Recline Your Chair,
Put Your Feet Up and Enjoy...
Learning About the
Respiratory and Circulatory
Systems of the Human Body
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2. Best viewed at full screen
Human Respiratory System Diagram
Title Page
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Nasal Passage
Pharynx
Trachea
Bronchiole
Bronchi
Alveoli

3. Oxygen Cell Hi I am O2 ,you can call
me oxygen, and I will be your guide today.
I advise you to keep all feet
and hands inside the ride at all times.
Oxygen Cell JH

4. Respiratory Intro
You may be asking, what is the Respiratory system? Well, the Respiratory system is the system that helps you breath in and out, so oxygen (02) can be pumped through your body and carbon dioxide (CO2) can be removed from the blood stream. You must remember that the Respiratory system is made up of many different organs. JH

5. Where are we? Nasal Passage Here We Go!!! Tongue Pharynx Bronchi Tubes
Alveoli (air-sacs)
Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries
Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of the blood.
Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli.
The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage.
Tongue
Pharynx
Where are we?
Here We Go!!! JH

6. Picture Intro Here is a overview picture of the Respiratory System.
Just go to the next slide to see
it. MB

7. Respiratory Overview Picture
Nasal Cavity
Nose
Mouth
Bronchus
Bronchiole
Alveolus
Diaphragm
Throat
(pharynx)
Windpipe (Trachea)
Left lungs
Ribs MB

8. Welcome The Respiratory System Now we will begin our tour. Welcome to…MB

9. The Nose and Mouth This is where it all begins.
This is where the oxygen first
enters your body and also where
Carbon Dioxide leaves. MB

10. The Nose and Mouth When the air comes into your nose it gets
filtered by tiny hairs and it is moistened by the
mucus that is in your nose.
Your sinuses also help out with your
Respiratory System. They help to moisten
and heat the air that you breath.
Air can also get into your body through your
mouth/oral cavity but air is not filtered as
much when it enters in through your mouth. MB

11. Here is a picture of your nasal and
Nose and Mouth Picture
Nasal Cavity
Nostril
Oral Cavity
Pharynx
Here is a picture of your nasal and
oral cavity. MB

12. Where are We? Nasal Passage We are here. Tongue Pharynx Bronchi Tubes
Alveoli (air-sacs)
Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries
Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of the blood.
Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli.
The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage.
Tongue
Pharynx
We are here. MB

13. The Pharynx and Trachea
Next we will head down to your pharynx
(throat) and your trachea (windpipe).
This is where the air passes from your
nose to your bronchi tubes and lungs. MB

14. The Pharynx and Trachea
(Throat)
Mouth
Trachea
Your pharynx (throat) gathers air after it passes
through your nose and then the air is passed down to
your trachea (windpipe).
Your trachea is held open by “incomplete rings
of cartilage.” Without these rings your trachea
might close off and air would not be able to get
to and from your lungs. MB

15. Where are We? Nasal Passage Tongue Pharynx We are here. Bronchi Tubes
Alveoli (air-sacs)
Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries
Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of the blood.
Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli.
The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage.
Tongue
Pharynx
Where are We?
We are here. MB

16. The Bronchi Tubes and Bronchiole Intro
Your trachea (windpipe) splits up into
two bronchi tubes. These two tubes keep
splitting up and form your bronchiole. MB

17. The Bronchi Tubes and Bronchiole
These bronchi tubes split up, like
tree branches, and get smaller and smaller
inside your lungs.
The air flows past your bronchi tubes
and into your bronchiole. These tubes
keep getting smaller and smaller until they
finally end with small air sacs (called alveoli).
But we will go there later… MB

18. Alveoli and Bronchi Picture
Trachea
Bronchi Tubes
Bronchiole
Alveoli MB

19. Where are We? Nasal Passage Tongue Pharynx Bronchi Tubes
Alveoli (air-sacs)
Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries
Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of the blood.
Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli.
The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage.
Tongue
Pharynx
Where are We?
We are here. MB

20. The Alveoli and Capillary Network
Now we will head over to the
alveoli and what happens when the
air finally makes it down there. MB

21. The Alveoli and Capillary Network
Your alveoli are tiny air sacs
that fill up with air/oxygen when you
breath in.
Your alveoli are surrounded by
many tiny blood vessels called
capillaries.
The walls of your alveoli (and capillaries) are
so thin that the oxygen or carbon dioxide can
pass through them, traveling right into, or
out of your blood stream. MB

22. Alveoli Picture Here is a close Capillary up picture of your Alveoli
and a Capillary
surrounding it.
Capillary
Red Blood Cell
Oxygen is picked up
Carbon Dioxide is dropped off
Wall of the air sac MB

23. Where are We? Nasal Passage Tongue Pharynx Bronchi Tubes
Alveoli (air-sacs)
Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries
Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of the blood.
Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli.
The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage.
Tongue
Pharynx
Where are We?
We are here. MB

24. Alveolus Bronchiole Respiratory Bronchiole Alveolar Duct Alveolar Sac
Capillaries
Alveolus JH

25. Looking at the Alveoli
Lets take a closer
look shall we. JH

26. Red blood cell carrying Carbon dioxide
Chemical change is taking place in cell
Red blood cell carrying oxygen
Alveolus
Contiguous Basal Laminae (Membrane)
Capillary
Chemicals JH

27. Contiguous Basal Laminae (Membrane*)
Oxygen
Diffusion
Carbon Dioxide
Oxygen diffuses through the membrane into the blood stream. Carbon Dioxide diffuses through the membrane and enters the alveolus.
Alveolus
Contiguous Basal Laminae (Membrane*)
Capillary
* A specialized thin layer of skin that oxygen and carbon dioxide can pass through. JH

28. Cool pictures JH

29. Intro to Diaphragm
Now we will look at the Diaphragm. You might be wondering, what does the Diaphragm do? The Diaphragm is an important factor in breathing. JH

30. Diagram of Diaphragm JH

31. Here is an experiment that you can try.
Diaphragm Experiment JH

32. Experiment Instructions
1st you need a bottle that you can sacrifice to
cut up.
2nd you cut the bottom of the bottle and put a big balloon on the bottom.
Experiment Instructions
3rd get a rubber cork ( make sure it blocks the hole)and put a hole through it ( top to bottom). Insert a thin tube into the cork and place a balloon on the bottom of the tube.
4th make sure the thing is airtight. JH

33. Respiratory Overview Review
CO2
Air Passing over the mucus membrane of the nasal cavity is moistened, warmed, and filtered
Inside the lungs the Bronchi branch into small tubes called bronchioles
The Pharynx, or throat, is located where passages from the nose and mouth came together.
Respiratory Overview Review
At the end of the bronchioles are bunches of alveoli, air sacs, arranged like grapes on a stem
Air enters the trachea, or wind pipe which leads to and from the lungs
If one lobe is injured or diseased, the other lobes may be able to function normally
The trachea divides into two tubes called bronchi JH

34. Fun Facts * The right lung is slightly larger than the left.
* At rest, the body takes in and breathes out about 10 liters of air each minute.
* The right lung is slightly larger than the left.
* The highest recorded "sneeze speed" is 165 km per hour.
* The surface area of the lungs is roughly the same size as a tennis court.
* The capillaries in the lungs would extend 1,600 kilometers if placed end to end.
* We lose half a liter of water a day through breathing. This is the water vapor we see when we breathe onto glass.
* A person at rest usually breathes between 12 and 15 times a minute.
* The breathing rate is faster in children and women than in men.

35. Key Words
Respiratory System- The group of organs in your body that are responsible for taking in Oxygen and breathing out the Carbon Dioxide which is the waste product of cellular respiration.
Oxygen-The gas that your body needs to work and function.
Carbon Dioxide- The waste product (gas) that is produced through respiration of people and animals.
Nose/Nasal Cavity- Where Oxygen first enters your body. Tiny hairs help filter the air and air is moistened and heated by your nose. Your Nose leads into your Nasal Cavity.
Mouth/Oral Cavity- Oxygen/air can also enter through your Mouth but it is not filtered. Your Mouth opens up into your Oral Cavity.
Sinus- A cavity in the bones of your skull that helps moisten and heat the air that you breath.
Pharynx/Throat- Gathers air from your Nasal and Oral Cavities and passes it to your Trachea.
Trachea/Windpipe- A tube like pathway that connects your throat to your Bronchi Tubes and lungs. Air passes through it when it travels from the Pharynx to the Bronchi Tubes.

36. Key Words Cont.
Bronchi Tubes- Each tube (one per lung) splits up into many smaller tubes called Bronchiole, like branches on a tree.
Bronchiole- Keep splitting up until they reach your Alveoli.
Respiratory Bronchiole- The air-tubes that are actually connected to the Alveoli.
Alveolar Duct- The final tube, which is part of the Alveoli, that leads to the air-sacs.
Alveolar Sac- Where the chemical change takes place and where blood cells pick up oxygen and drop off carbon dioxide.
Alveoli- Tiny air-sacs at the end of your Alveolar Duct. They fill up with Oxygen and are surrounded by Capillaries.
Capillaries- Tiny blood streams (around one cell wide) that surround your Alveoli. They take Oxygen out of our Lungs and replace it with Carbon Dioxide, which you later breath out.
Diaphragm- The muscle membrane that helps you breath in and out by changing the pressure in your chest cavity.

37. Works Cited For more information please visit:
-Why do you need to breathe? And basic info on parts of the Respiratory system
-An overview of the parts of Respiratory System
-A basic look at the Respiratory System
-Fun Facts
-Very detailed info and some animation-Has many other body systems too
-Web slides with a little info and good pictures
-The Nose and Nasal Cavity
Human anatomy coloring book

38. Works Cited Cont. Where we got some of our pictures:

39. Prepare Your Cranium For The Further Insertion of
Knowledge

40. Title Page The Circulatory System Hannah Redlich and Joe Zalan
Circulatory System Created by
Hannah Redlich and Joe Zalan
Caltex American School Duri, Indonesia

41. Introduction
The Circulatory System is the main cooling and transportation system for the human body
The body has about 5 liters of blood continuously traveling through it by way of the Circulatory System
In the Circulatory System, the heart, lungs, and blood vessels have to work together
The Circulatory System has three different parts: pulmonary circulation (lungs), coronary circulation (heart), and systemic circulation, (the rest of the system’s processes).

42. The Heart By The Way… Pulmonary Veins
This organ is what pumps oxygen rich blood, nutrients, hormones, and the other things your body needs to maintain your health, to your organs and tissues.
The pulmonary veins you see on the right side of the diagram come from your lungs, where the blood cells collect oxygen. It’s then pumped out to the rest of the body through the Aorta (Top).
All of the blue sections show blood cells carrying waste, (C02) moving back to the lungs (where the C02 will be replaced by oxygen) through the Pulmonary Artery (Top, blue)
Pulmonary Artery
(Superior Vena Cava) From the Body
(Aortic Artery) To the body
Pulmonary Veins
Valves: (tricuspid valve semilunar (pulmonary) valve, bicuspid (mitral) valve, and the semilunar (aortic) valve
(Inferior Vena Cava) From the Body
By The Way…
Whenever the blood is pumped from one section of the heart another a valve closes behind it preventing the blood from moving backwards.

43. Blood Flow through Heart
Blood from the body travels into the right atrium, moves into the right ventricle, and is finally pushed into lungs in the pulmonary arteries
The blood then picks up oxygen and travels back to the heart into the left atrium through the pulmonary veins
The blood then travels through the to the Left Ventricle and exits to the body through the Aorta…
Left Atrium
Right Atrium

44. Blood Flow to Arms
Oxygen rich blood leaves the heart and travels through arteries
In the capillaries the oxygen and food is given to the body’s cells
The blood finally travels back through veins to the heart to pick up oxygen
ARTERIES- FROM HEART
CAPILLARIES
VEINS- TO HEART

45. Pulmonary Vein Aorta Brachial Artery Renal Artery Redial Artery
Path to the Exchange
Pulmonary Vein
Aorta
A red blood cell then travels from the heart through arteries that eventually branch into the body’s vast system of capillaries (microscopic blood vessels which connect arteries and veins), they eventually lead to…
Brachial Artery
Renal Artery
Redial Artery
Ulnar Artery
Iliac Artery

46. TRANSACT The Exchange How It Works… Now lets travel to the legs!!!
When the itty bitty teeny tiny red blood cells pass the desired tissue they……………………………….
Oxy-Rich Blood Cell
Tissue
The oxygen the blood cells are carrying is given to the body’s tissue.
And the CO2 (waste) from the tissue is given to the same blood cell to be exhaled.
Tissue
Oxy-Poor Blood Cell
Technically the Hemoglobin in the blood (a substance full of iron) attracts oxygen from the lungs. The red blood cell then carries it to the desired tissue. Because this tissue has a high CO2 count the hemoglobin lets go of its oxygen and collects the carbon dioxide. You see the hemoglobin has an affinity for whichever gas has a greater count. Because the tissue has a large amount of built up waste (CO2) the hemoglobin attracts it and then replaces it with oxygen, and vise versa in the lungs.
How It Works…
Now lets travel to the legs!!!

47. Blood Flow to Legs !FUN FACT!
Approximately 500 ml of blood moves from the heart and lungs down to the legs when a person stands up after lying down
The oxygen rich blood cells then travel through the capillaries where yet another…

48. The oxygen and CO2 are exchanged…in the cells
Gas Exchange Occurs,
The oxygen and CO2 are exchanged…in the cells
Oxygen Rich
Tissue
Don’t forget that the Hemoglobin in the blood cells let go of the cell’s oxygen because of the large CO2 (waste) count in the tissue.
Oxygen Poor
Oxygen Rich
Oxygen Poor
Now lets go back to the heart!!!

49. Circulation back to Heart
To upper body
From upper
body
To lung
To lung
Capillaries carry the blood to…
Venules that connect to veins and the…
Veins (wide blood vessels) carries the oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.
From lung
From lung
Right Atrium
Left Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle
From lower
body
To lower body

50. It is the only reason you’re still alive today…
Conclusion
As you have learned (Hopefully) the Circulatory System is one of the most important systems in the human body…
It is the only reason you’re still alive today…
and you can attribute the cooling down, feeding of and protection of your body to it.
So the next time you bust open your leg skateboarding you can thank your Circulatory System for patching you up.

51. Works Cited For further information please visit:
-circulation picture
-how circulatory system works
-Heart and Leg Pictures
-circulation picture
-arm picture
-heart picture
-detailed views of the Cardiovascular System
-complex leg picture
diagram of the circulatory system
-picture of heart valves
-basic picture of arteries

52. So Take a Deep Breath and Go Home
The End!
The End
So Take a Deep Breath and
Go Home