1. Overview of Construction BMPs
Scott Taylor, P.E., CISEC

2. Construction BMP Review
Erosion controls
Sediment controls
Tracking controls
Material and waste storage 2

3. When Should BMPs be Implemented?
Perimeter controls should be installed before breaking ground
In preparation for a rain event
In all areas that have been inactive for >14 days
At all times – ‘appropriate’. This means if there is a discharge, there is no excuse
Permit does not have a ‘rainy season’ 3

4. Erosion Controls Erosion controls provide 80% of sediment management
Sediment controls provide 20% of sediment management
Protect surface from rain drop impact
Help retain moisture in the soil
Minimize the down-slope transport of soil particles
They will degrade over time 4

5. Erosion Controls: Soil Binder
Generally temporary and may require reapplication
Soil type dictates kind of soil binder to use
Must be environmentally benign
Typically last months
Polyacrylamide (PAM) is an effective, low cost option 5

6. Erosion Controls: Mulches Hydraulic Mulch/Bonded Fiber Matrix
Most types need 24 hours to dry before rainfall occurs
Hydraulic mulch generally good for 3 – 6 months
Bonded Fiber Matrix may last several wet seasons
Mixture of mulch and binder
Maximum slope about 4:1
Place over previously seeded
area, or add seeds to the mixture 6 V

7. Erosion Controls: Rolled Erosion Control Products
Used when disturbed soil may be difficult to stabilize or drying time an issue
Blankets and mats may need to be removed and disposed of prior to application of permanent soil stabilization
Install perpendicular to contours 7

8. 8 V

9. Erosion Control Cost/Performance
Category
Material
Cost/acre
Sediment
Reduction (%)
Longevity
Binders
Guar
$410 80
Short
Starch 60
Acrylic polymers
$1,232 40
Polyacrylamide 55
Mulches
Straw
$2,100 90
Medium
Cellulose Fiber
$900
Recycled Paper 50
Bonded Fiber Matrix
$5,400
Rolled
Erosion
Control
Products
Woven Jute Mesh
$6,500 70
Excelsior
$10,600 85
Long
Straw Blanket
$9,000 87
Coir (coconut shells)
$13,000
Plastic Mesh Woven
$2,000 9

10. Erosion control = turbidity control
Spray-on Erosion Control Video

11. Installation is critical for RECPs!
RECP Video

12. Sediment Controls: Fiber Rolls
Locate on level contours
Use at top and on face of slopes
Good for perimeter control
Use recommended spacing in 2009 CGP
Must be installed correctly: trenched and staked 12

16. Sediment Controls: Silt Fence
Located level on contours, not perpendicular
Not for concentrated flow areas
Must be keyed in (bottom six inches must be buried) 16

17. Sediment Control: Inlet Protection
Protect active inlets year-round
Use where ponding won’t encroach into traffic
Maintain/clean out after every storm 17

18. Sediment Control: Sediment Ponds
Capture and de-silt sediment laden runoff
Use for large drainages and steep slopes where erosion control is not feasible
Maintain/clean out on an as needed basis
Video 18

19. Tracking Controls
A VERY visible indicator of compliance effort (or lack of)
Minimize number of access points
Use coarse aggregate over filter fabric
Year-round requirement
In high traffic areas, street sweepers may be needed 19

20. Sediment Control Summary
BMP
Application
Flow Type
Cost
Longevity
Silt Fence
Perimeter Protection
Sheet flow
$ $9/foot
12-36 mo
Reinforced S.F.
Sediment Trap
Shallow conc.
high end of SF
Fiber Roll
Perimeter, inlet
$1/foot (plus installation)
Sed. Basin
Online/offline
Concentrated
$2000/drainage acre
Indefinite
Inlet Filter
Inlet Protection
$200/inlet
12-24 mo
Rock Entrance
Tracking Controls
N/a
$1200-$4800
1-2 rain events
Rumble Plate 20

21. Material Storage Cover and contain
Keeps site clean / good housekeeping
Avoids potential sampling for non-visible pollutants 21

22. Waste Management Debris discharge from site is a permit violation!
Cover trash containers
Provide water-tight concrete washouts 22

23. Example Photos

24. Inactive area with no erosion control
Soil Stabilization
Potential Violation:
Inactive area with no erosion control 24

25. Inactive area with erosion control BMPs
Soil Stabilization
Better Practice:
Inactive area with erosion control BMPs 25

26. Inactive slope with poor stabilization
Slope Stabilization
Potential Violation:
Inactive slope with poor stabilization 26

27. Application of soil stabilization BMPs
Slope Stabilization
Better Practice
Application of soil stabilization BMPs 27

28. Damaged / ineffective protection
Site Perimeter
Potential Violations
Damaged / ineffective protection 28

29. Proper controls & placement, well-maintained
Site Perimeter
Better Practice
Proper controls & placement, well-maintained 29

30. Dirt tracked onto streets,
Dirt Tracking
Potential Violations
Dirt tracked onto streets,
lack of training 30

31. Dirt Tracking Better Practice 31 Stabilized lot & site entrances
Gravel & plates free of excessive dirt
Do not avoid stabilization measures – use them! 31

32. Dust Control
Potential Violations
No dust control 32

33. Use water trucks for dust control
Better Practice
Use water trucks for dust control 33

34. Stockpile Management Potential Violations Improper placement
No measures to prevent material discharges 34

35. Stockpile Management Better Practice Provide perimeter protection
Cover for long periods or before rain events
Possibly mention that straw matting may be preferred with the new permit. Plastic degrades and falls apart in the sun. 35

36. Improper installation
Inlet Protection
Potential Violations
Improper installation
Lack of maintenance 36

37. Inlet Protection Better Practice Use products properly
Actively maintain BMPs
Prevent damage to devices
Prevent pollutants from entering inlets 37

38. Poor Silt Fence Application38

39. Silt Fence Potential Violations Poor installation Lack of maintenance39

40. Silt Fence
Better Practice
Proper installation
Maintained 40

41. Clean regularly – dry sweep or vacuum
Streets and Sidewalks
Potential Violation
Clean regularly – dry sweep or vacuum
No water unless runoff directed away from drain inlets to pervious areas 41

42. Streets and Sidewalks
Better Practice
Well maintained 42

43. Construction Material Storage
Potential Violations
No protection of soil 43

44. Construction Material Storage
Better Practice
Cover, berm, and contain 44

45. Washout Pits Potential Violation Not using washout at all
Leaking / ineffective washout 45

46. Washout Pits Better Practice
Contractors must use a designated concrete washout
Do not overfill
Washout must be water tight 46

47. Leaking Equipment Potential Violations Leaks onto ground & no clean up
Damaged drip pans
Flat oil trays
Plastic does not prevent runoff 47

48. Leaking Equipment
Better Practice 48

49. Good housekeeping is critical
Construction Waste
Potential Violations
Good housekeeping is critical 49

50. Construction Waste Better Practice
Cover trash cans/bins when storm is predicted
Empty at least every week 50

51. Sawcutting Potential Violation Better Practice
Discharge to gutter/storm drain
Vacuum saw cut slurry
Away from concentrated flow paths 51

52. Secondary Containment
Potential Violations
Storage of fuel/oils
Improper storage
No containment 52

53. Secondary Containment
Better Practice
Do not store fuel on site
Use proper secondary containment 53

54. Avoid placement in street gutter / flow areas
Portable Toilets
Potential Violation
Avoid placement in street gutter / flow areas 54

55. Placed out of gutters and flow paths
Portable Toilets
Better Practice
Placed out of gutters and flow paths 55

56. Good or Bad? 56

57. Good or Bad? 57

58. Good or Bad? 58

59. Good or Bad?
Entrances/ inlet protection, fill at end of street. 59

60. Good or Bad? 60

61. Good or Bad?
No controls. Will go onto street. 61

62. Good or Bad? 62

63. Good or Bad?
No final stabilization.
Dirt in street. 63

64. Good or Bad? 64

65. Good or Bad? 65

66. Good or Bad? 66

67. Solutions for Traditional Problem Areas
Site construction roadways, and undercut roadway sections
Slopes
Concentrated Drainage
Areas near inlets (high energy)
Final stabilization

68. Roadways Lignosulfonate
naturally occurring, glue-like polymer found in wood
binds surface particles together
Completely insoluble and water resistant
provides dust control to PM10 standards
Provides erosion control in low velocity applications

69. Roadways - Application
Scarify to the depth of cementation desired.
Introduce Lignin and blade mix subgrade to optimum moisture content is reached.  The lignin is applied during the mixing process just as water would be to hydrate/condition the soil
Compact with vibratory roller.
Spray rolled surface once more with lignin as a topical application and let dry (24 hrs).
Apply asphaltic emulsion like PASS QB (water based emulsion) so as to be dry to the touch within 24 hrs.
Apply Type 2 slurry as the final layer

70. Roadways - Application

71. Slopes
Slopes require good cover supplemented by a sediment control BMP
A BFM or similar type of product is generally required on slopes to eliminate rilling
Straw wattles are difficult to install correctly, and tend to deteriorate in less than one season – An alternative is compost socks.

72. Slope Treatments

73. Concentrated Drainage
Concentrated drainage on a construction site must be managed.
Ultimate conveyances are preferred
Temporary conveyances that use material for later construction stages is next best option
New rules will necessitate temporary concrete ditches and rock ditches.

74. Concentrated Flow Solutions

75. Areas Near Inlets Areas at inlets are high-energy locations
Last line of defense
A good practice is staged reduction in flow velocity prior to reaching the inlet pool
Options: Shotcrete lining and compost socks or rock over filter fabric and gravel bags

76. Areas Near Inlets

77. Final Stabilization May require irrigation to establish vegetation
Include compost in hydroseed mix to help with water retention/germination
Mulch is a good final cover for slopes
Use fast-germinating seed mixes appropriate for the season (warm or cool)
Blankets and BFM may be an option

78. Final Stabilization

79. Single Family Lots

82. What Would You Do Here?

83. Here?

84. Or Here?

85. Work in Creek

86. BMP in Creek

87. Sediment Basin?

88. What is Wrong?
No controls. Will go onto street.

89. The Next Day

90. The Next Day

91. Stranded Water

92. Storing onsite…