1. 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Use this presentation in conjunction with the Cell Organelle note-taking worksheet. Run through the entire presentation before using it in class so that you know what’s coming next! It helps to print the outline and notes to have with you while presenting so that there are no surprises. –JessB.org

2. Objectives
Recognize cells both increase in number and differentiate, becoming specialized in structure and function, during and after embryonic development.
Describe the structure of cell parts found in different types of cells and the functions they perform.
Explain physical and chemical interactions that occur between organelles as they carry out life processes.

3. Descriptors Identify that all organisms are made of cells.
Identify and describe cell structures and functions.
Define organelles by their functions.
Identify cell differentiation.
Explain the chemical and physical interactions between organelles as they carry out life processes.

4. Review Who was the first person to use the term cell?
What are the three parts of the cell theory?
Name a difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell.
Did you incorporate biology terms into your everyday conversation over the weekend?

5. Eukaryotic Cell as a Factory

6. Comparing the Cell to a Factory
Organelle= “little organ”
Found only inside eukaryotic cells!
Everything in a cell except the nucleus is cytoplasm.
You may or may not wish to distinguish between cytosol and cytoplasm. The correct use of each term is shown here. Most high school textbooks, however, use the word “cytoplasm” to mean “cytosol.”

7. Expert Groups!!!
FROM HERE, YOU WILL PRESENT THE INFORMATION FOR NOTES!
Ace - Nucleus
King - Ribosomes
Queen – Endoplasmic reticulum
Jack – Golgi Apparatus
10 - Lysosomes
9 - Mitochondria
8 - Chloroplasts
7 - Vacuole

8. Nucleus Nickname: “The Control Center”
Function: Contains DNA and nucleolus.
DNA is the coded instructions for making proteins.
Cells with more than one nucleus include muscle cells and liver cells, largely because of the massive volume of cytoplasm and number of organelles that need controlling.

9. Ribosomes Nickname: “The Assembly Line”
Function: Site of protein synthesis.
Found both on rough ER and throughout the cytoplasm.
A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids. In this diagram, you can see the ribosome is making a polypeptide, also known as a protein.

10. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Nickname: “Highway of the cell”
Function: Site where proteins are assembled and delivered through the cell.
Rough ER: studded with ribosomes; it makes proteins
Smooth ER: no ribosomes; it makes lipids
It’s not necessary that the students can read the labels here; just point out the black dots are ribosomes.

11. Stoppage & Closure

12. Golgi Apparatus Nickname: “The Mailroom”
Diagram
Information
Nickname: “The Mailroom”
Function: Modifies, sorts, and packages materials for transport inside/outside the cell.
Looks like a stack of pancakes!
AKA Golgi Complex. It is not necessary that the students read the labels, this diagram gives them a general idea of the Golgi’s shape.

13. Lysosomes Nickname: “Clean-up Crew” Function:
Breakdown materials so the cell can use them.
Breakdown useless organelles.
Students should recognize the shapes of the Golgi and ER even if they cannot read the captions.

14. Mitochondria Nickname: “The Powerhouse”
Function: Convert usable compounds for energy from the food you eat.
Has it’s own strand of DNA.
Almost all mitochondria comes from the cytoplasm of the egg cell (all mitochondria came from your mom).
Explain that this diagram shows the mitochondria cut open to reveal the internal membranes.

15. 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structures
Continued…

16. Objectives
Recognize cells both increase in number and differentiate, becoming specialized in structure and function, during and after embryonic development.
Describe the structure of cell parts found in different types of cells and the functions they perform.
Explain physical and chemical interactions that occur between organelles as they carry out life processes.

17. Descriptors Identify that all organisms are made of cells.
Identify and describe cell structures and functions.
Define organelles by their functions.
Identify cell differentiation.
Explain the chemical and physical interactions between organelles as they carry out life processes.

18. Chloroplasts (Only in Plant Cells!)
Function: Traps energy from the sun to produce food for the plant.
Contains the green pigment chlorophyll.
Chloroplasts absorb light, which is the catalyst for photosynthesis.

19. Vacuole Nickname: “The Warehouse” Function:
Storage container for water and other materials.
Large central vacuole usually in plant cells
Can be many smaller vacuoles in animal cells
The image is 2D, so it must have been a light microscope or TEM. If the cell is very tiny, then a TEM was used. Otherwise, a strong light microscope could have captured this image.

20. Cell Barriers
Cell membrane – ALL CELLS covered by thin flexible barrier.
Nickname: Doorman
Cell wall – strong supporting layer around membrane that gives cell shape.
Only in plant cells.

21. This Week… Any questions for the good of the cause?
We will be doing a project centered around these organelles.
Next experimental design will also deal with cells.