1. PREGNANCY; GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

2. FERTILIZATION

3. SPERM + SECONDARY OOCYTE  ZYGOTE 38 WEEKS GROWTH DEVELOPMENT
PRENATAL
POSTNATAL
FERTILIZATION: UTERINE TUBE
PREGNANCY: UTERUS: 3 TRIMESTERS

4. PROSTAGLANDINS CAUSE SPERM TAIL TO CONTRACT
UTERINE TUBE AND UTERUS CONTRACT: AIDS SPERM TO EGG
ESTROGEN CAUSES EARLY UTERUS TO SECRETE A WATERY FLUID ??
OF SPERM ONLY A FEW HUNDRED REACH THE EGG

5. FERTILIZATION BINDS TO ZONA PELLUCIDA ACROSOME RELEASES ENZYMES
HYALURONIDASE
ONE SPERM ENTERS AND LYSOSOMES HARDEN ZONA PELLUCIDA
SPEERM NUCLEUS ENTERS SECONDARY OOCYTE
UNEVEN CYTOPLASMIC DIVISION: MEIOSIS COMPLETED
2 PRONUCLEI THEN MERGE: FERTILIZATION: ZYGOTE

6. PRENATAL PERIOD 38 WEEKS: CLEAVAGE: 30 HOURS AFTER FERTILIZATION
CELLS DIVIDE DON’T GROW ?
CELLS: BLASTOMERES
CLEAVAGE EMBRYO
MOVING DOWN UTERINE TUBE: 3 DAYS HOW?
NUTRIENTS ?
SOLID BALL: MORULA: 16 CELLS
FLOATS AROUND UTERUS ~3 DAYS
BLASTOCYST: LOSES ZONA PELUCIDA, HOLLOWS OUT
DROPS INTO ONE OF TUBULES
PLURIPOTENT CELLS ?
DIFFERENTIATES: INNER CELL MASS: EMBRYO PROPER
WALL: TROPHOBLAST: ASSISTING STRUCTURES
IMPLANTATION TAKES ~1 WEEK
PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES
UTERINE LINING DEVELOPS
hCG RELEASED: PROTECTS AGINST IMMINE SYSTEM; KEEPS CL ACTIVE; STIMULATES PLACENTA TO PRODUCE HOIMONES

7. HORMONAL CHANGES
hCG:
PREVENT SPONTANEOUS ABORTION: MAINTAINS CL: SO STILL PRODUCES ESTROGEN & PROGESTERONE: ??
INHIBITS FSH AND LH SECRETION
WORKS FOR 2 MONTHS/ DECLINES
PLACENTA TAKES OVER PRODUCTION OF ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE
PLACENTAL LACTOGEN: BREAST DEVELOPMENT; PREPARE MAMMARY GLANDS
RELAXIN FROM CL AND PLACENTAL PROGESTERONE INHIBIT UTERINE MUSCLE CONTRACTION
ALSO RELAXES PUBIS AND SACROILIAC JOINT DURING LAST WEEK

8. PLACENTAL ESTROGEN ENLARGES VAGINA
INCREASED ALDOSTERONE REATINS SODIUM = FLUID RETENTION
PTH: HELPS MAINTAIN HIGH MATERNAL BLOOD CALCIUM

9. CHANGES UTERUS ENLARGES ??
INCREASE CARDIAC OUTPUT, BLOOD VOLUME, BREATHING RATE, URINE PRODUCTION ??
EAT MORE: MAY SHOW DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

10. EMBRYONIC STAGE 2ND WEEK  8 WEEK AMNIOTIC CAVITY FORMS
EMBRYONIC DISC: FORMS LAYERS
ECTODERM AND ENDODERM, THEN MESODERM
PRIMARY GERM LAYERS
GASTRULA
CONNECTING STALK
GASTRULATION
ENDODERM: EPITHELIAL
ENDODERM: EPITHEILIAL
MESODERM: CONNECTIVE TISSUE

11. ECTODERM: NERVOUS SYSTEM, SENSE ORGANS, EPIDERMIS AND STRUCTURES, LININGS: MOUTH, ANAL
MESODERM: MUSCLE, BONE, MARROW, BLOOD AND VESSELS, LYMPHATIC TISSUE, INTERNAL REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS, KIDNEYS, MESOTHELIUM OF CAVITIES
ENDODERM: EPITHELIAL LININGS OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM, RESPIRATORY TRACT, URINARY SYSTEM,

12. BECOMES MORE HUMAN LIKE PLACENTAL MEMBRANE:
CHORIONIC VILLI ??
BECOMES MORE HUMAN LIKE
PLACENTAL MEMBRANE:
CHORIONIC MEMBRANE EPITHELIUM AND EPITHELIUM OF CAPILLARIES
TO ENDOTHELIUM OF UTERUS
DIFFUSION ??
AMNIOTIC SAC AND AMNIOTIC FLUID FORM ??
UMBILICAL CORD FORMS
2 ARTERIES; VEIN
CHORION AND AMNION FUSE
YOLK SAC FORMS: BLOOD CELLS, SEX STEM CELLS

13. ALLANTOSIS FORMS FROM YOLK SAC TO STALK
FORMS BLOOD CELLS
FORMS UMBILICAL VESSELS
AFTER 8 WEEKS: FETUS

14. FETAL STAGE 8 WEEKS TO BIRTH MATURES/DEVELOPS
SKIN: SEBUM AND DEAD CELLS
SKELETON OSSIFIES
MUSCLES CONTRACT FAT LAYERS DEVELOP
9 MONTHS: 266 DAYS: FULL TERM
50 CM; Kg
REPOSITIONS WITH HEAD DOWN

15. FETAL CIRCULATION UMBILICAL VEINS
HIGHER CONCENTRATION OF OXYGEN: FETAL HEMOGLOBIN HIGHER AFFINITY
MOST BYPASSES LIVER: DUCTUS VENOSUS
FROM RIGHT ATRIUM TO LEFT: FORAMEN OVALE
PARTIALLY BYPASSES LUNGS: DUCTUS ARTERIOSIS
UMBILICAL ARTERIES

16. BIRTH 38 WEEKS PLACENTAL PROGESTERONE ??
DECREASE PROGESTERONE, RELEASE OF PROSTAGLANDINS STARTS LABOR
POSTERIOR PITUITARY RELEASES OXYTOCIN ??
UTERINE MUSCLES CONTRACT
POSITIVE FEEDBACK: STRONGER CONTRACTIONS, MORE OXYTOCI
AFTERBIRTHN

17. MILK PRODUCTION DURING PREGNANCY AFTER BIRTH:
ESTROGEN CAUSES DUCTS TO DEVELOP
PROGESTERONE DEVELOPS ALVEOLAR GLNADS
PROGESTERONE INHIBITS PROLACTIN
AFTER BIRTH:
PROLACTIN NOT INHIBITED
MAMMARY GLANDS SECRETE MILK
SUCKLING: RELEASES OXYTOCIN: ALVEOLAR GLANDS RELEASE MILK
POSITIVE FEEDBACK
SLIGHT INHIBITION OF REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE

18. POSTNATAL PERIOD NEONATAL BIRTH– 4 WEEKS BODILY FUNCTIONS ON OWN
SURFACTANT REDUCES SURFACE TENSION OF LUNGS
LIVER DOESN’T SUPPLY MUCH GLUCOSE: USES FAT
KIDNEYS IMMATURE: DEHYDRATION, ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE
BODY TEMPERATURE REGULATION MAY TAKE TIME
UMBILICAL VESELS CONSTRICT, DUCTUS VENOSUS CONSTRICTS, FORAMEN OVALE CLOSES, DUCTUS ARTEIOSUS CONSTRICTS

19. INFANCY 4TH WEEK TO 1 YEAR RAPID GROWTH MATURATION AND COORDINATION
COMMUNICATION
DEPENDS ON PROPER NUTRITION

20. CHILDHOOD 1ST YEAR TO PUBERTY PRIMARY TEETH  SECONDARY TEETH
RAPID GROWTH, MATURATION AND COORDINATION; CONTROL OF BLADDER AND BOWELS

21. ADOLESCENCE PUBERTY TO ADULTHOOD PREPARATION FOR REPRODUCTION
FEMALES DEVELOP FIRST
HIGH LEVEL MOTOR SKILLS, INTELLIGENCE INCREASES, EMOTIONS MATURE

22. ADULTHOOD ADOLESCENCE TO OLD AGE UNCHANGED FOR YEARS
30: DEGENERATION BEGINS:
SKELETAL MUSCLES LOSE STRENGTH
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM LESS EFFICIENT
SKIN LESS ELASTIC
SEX CELL DEVELOPMENT DECLINES

23. SENESCENCE GROWING OLD DEGENERATION CONTINUES
FROM PROLONGED USE, DISEASE AND CELLULAR CHANGE
LOSS OF SOME INTELLECTUAL ABILITY, SENSORY FUNCTIONS, LESS COORDINATION PHYSIOLOGICALLY

24. DEATH
USUALLY FROM DISTURBANCE TO CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM OR DISEASE OF VITAL ORGANS
PREACTIVE DYING: 3 MONTHS, WITHDRAWS SOCIALLY, APPETITE WANES
ACTIVE DYING: 2 WEEKS: RESTS, CONFUSED, EATS LITTLE, ORGAN SYSTEM SHUT DOWN, SKIN MOTTLING, CONGESTION, LOUD BREATHING

25. PASSIVE AGING BREAKDOWN OF STRUCTURES, SLOWING OF FUNCTIONS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE BREAKDOWN
DNA ERRORS BUILD UP
LIPDS  LIPOFUSCHIN
DAMAGE FROM FREE RADICALS

26. ACTIVE AGING
AUTOIMMUNITY DEVELOPS
APOPTOSIS

27. HUMAN LIFE SPAN 120 YEARS US: MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY: FUTURE??????????
MALE: 75.4
FEMALE: 83.2
MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY: FUTURE??????????