1. Energy Force and Motion
Mrs. Pidgeon’s 5th Grade Class

2. PART I
ENERGY

3. KWL- What do we already know?

4. Kinetic vs. Potential Energy F62
Kinetic is moving energy
Potential is stored energy

5. WB 330 What are Kinetic and Potential Energy?

6. Extended Response Question

9. Types of Kinetic Energy….. F64-F65

10. Fire Safety… Thermal Energy Cameras!

11. Forms of Energy F64 Chemical Energy
Ex: stored energy in food and fuel.

12. Forms of Energy
Electrical Energy
Ex: batteries, electric in homes

13. Forms of Energy
Light energy
Ex: sun and lasers

14. Forms of Energy Mechanical Energy
Ex: wind, water falling over a water fall, sound

15. Forms of Energy
Thermal Energy
Ex: stove, heaters, matches

16. Transfer of Heat- REVIEW
Conduction- pot on the stove
Convection- hot air rises cold air sinks
Radiation- from the sun
Reflection- heat bouncing off
Heat energy is caused by the motion of particles that make up matter. When you rub your hands together, you are converting mechanical energy into heat energy.

17. Forms of Energy
Nuclear Energy
Ex: Sun

18. Forms of Energy CAN ENERGY CHANGE FORM? YES!
Ex: The fuel in a rocket changes from chemical energy to mechanical energy when the fuel burns

19. Page F65 Questions 1-5
Create a flipchart about the 4 of the forms of energy discussed in the reading…
Mechanical
Thermal
Light
Sound
Electrical

20. Electricity F68- F72
Electricity – An energy source

21. Circuit Activity

22. Who discovered Electricity?

23. Electrical Energy Can be transformed into: Heat Light
Mechanical Energy

24. Which items are insulators?
Insulators are materials that do not conduct electricity very well.

25. Which items are conductors?
Conductors are materials that let electrical energy move through them.

26. Circuit
A circuit is a pathway taken by an electric current.

27. Closed Circuit
Allows the movement of electrical energy

28. Stops the movement of electrical energy
Open Circuits
Stops the movement of electrical energy

29. Parallel Circuits
There are 2 or more pathways for the current in a parallel circuit

30. Series Circuit
There is only 1 pathway for the current.

31. Electricity and Magnetism
An electric current creates a magnetic field.
A moving magnetic field creates an electric current.

32. Magnetic Fields
Lines of force extend from the poles of a magnet in an arched pattern defining the area over which magnetic force is exerted.

33. Metallic Attraction
Certain iron-bearing metals attract other such metals.

34. Electromagnets
Wrapping a wire around certain iron-bearing metals like a nail creates a closed circuit and is an example of a simple electromagnet.

35. What about lightning????

36. Review Questions Name 3 things that are insulators.
List 3 things that are conductors.
What is the difference between an open and closed circuit?
What is the difference between a series and a parallel circuit?
What type of metal attracts other metals?

37. Workbook 335

38. Light F76 Key Terms Reflection Refraction Transparent Translucent
Opaque
Convex
Concave
Spectrums
Wavelengths

40. Sound Sound travels in waves- vibrations Key terms: Pitch Volume
Frequency
Decibels
Wavelength
Amplitude

41. Answers to Trivia Questions
Can sound travel under the water? Yes sound can travel under the water. It moves four times faster through water than through the air. It can travel such long distances that whales can hear each other when they are nearly a hundred miles apart.
Is there sound on the moon? No, there is no sound in space. Sound needs something to travel through like air or water.
What is the speed of Sound? Sound travels through air at 1,120 feet (340 meters) per second.

42. Workbook 340
Open Response – Light

43. Workbook 346

44. Test Part I

45. PART II

46. EVERYDAY FORCES
Page F6-F9

47. Three Forces that affect objects on Earth
FRICTION
MAGNETISM
GRAVITATION
Tell me at least 3 facts about each of these types of forces.

48. A flag being blown by the force of the wind.

49. Force The greater the force, the greater the change in motion.
The bigger an object is, the less effect a force will have on it.
The smaller an object is, the more effect a force will have on it.

50. How do things move? Above Below Ahead Behind Up Down Horizontally
Vertically
Right
Left

51. Friction
Friction is a force that opposes motion. Friction acts in a direction opposite to the object's direction in motion. Without friction, the object would continue to move at a constant speed forever.

52. What Really Happened with the Apple?
Probably the more correct version of the story is that Newton, upon observing an apple fall from a tree, began to think along the following lines: The apple is accelerated, since its
Gravity is the attractive force between all objects in the universe. It is the force that pulls objects to the earth.

53. Galileo, a famous Italian scientist who lived in the 1500's, was the first to discover the force of gravity. In his famous experiment he dropped two cannonballs, one 10 times the mass of the other, at exactly the same time from the Leaning Tower of Pisa. Which cannonball do you think hit first? Before you answer the question set up your own Galilean type experiment. Explanation: Both objects should hit the ground at the same time. Even though the two objects had different masses, gravity pulls each down to the ground at the same rate. Galileo discovered that gravity accelerates all objects at the same rate

54. Magnetism
SIX things to know about magnets
Almost everyone knows these six basic facts about how magnets behave:
A magnet has two ends called poles, one of which is called a north pole or north-seeking pole, while the other is called a south pole or south-seeking pole.
The north pole of one magnet attracts the south pole of a second magnet, while the north pole of one magnet repels the other magnet's north pole. So we have the common saying: like poles repel, unlike poles attract.

55. A magnet creates an invisible area of magnetism all around it called a magnetic field.
The north pole of a magnet points roughly toward Earth's north pole and vice-versa. That's because Earth itself contains magnetic materials and behaves like a gigantic magnet.
If you cut a bar magnet in half, it's a bit like cutting an earthworm in half! You get two brand new, smaller magnets, each with its own north and south pole.
If you run a magnet a few times over an unmagnetized piece of a magnetic material (such as an iron nail), you can convert it into a magnet as well. This is called magnetization.

56. Workbook page 294

57. Open Response Force and Mass

58. Example OE

59. Balanced and Unbalanced Forces F12-F13
A book resting on a desk illustrates balanced forces. However, a book dropped from a desk illustrates unbalanced forces. In this case, gravity has overcome the balance of forces

60. Workbook page 299

61. Newton’s Project Due 11-12 VIDEO: Newton’s Life Wkbk 304- Vocabulary

62. Motion and Speed F34- F36

63. How do we know something has moved?
By looking at the things that are not moving around it.
FRAME OF REFERENCE

64. Speed What is speed? How fast an object is moving.
Measure of distance.

65. Speed How do I calculate speed? DISTANCE / TIME
Ex:10ft/ 3 seconds=3.1 ft/sec

67. On the weather channel a hurricane's path is explained in terms of velocity. People want to know how fast a hurricane is traveling but they also need to know in what direction it is traveling so they can evacuate if necessary. For instance, the weatherman will report a hurricane's velocity as five kilometers per hour moving in a northeasterly direction.

68. Acceleration is the rate of change in velocity
Acceleration is the rate of change in velocity. A roller coaster is constantly changing its velocity as it travels up and down and around. To calculate the acceleration of a roller coaster, divide the change in velocity by the time it takes the velocity to change.

69. Momentum How hard it is to slow or stop an object in motion.

70. Review An object’s speed in a particular direction
An object slows down, speeds up, turns
An object’s place or location
A measure of the distance an object moves
A measure of how hard it is to stop an object

71. Workbook 323 Vocabulary Check

72. Buoyant
Procedure 1. Make a boat of some type out of your foil paper. 2. Put your boat into the container of water and begin to place marbles in one at a time (See Rule # 2) 3. Place your marbles evenly throughout your boat. Make sure you balance your weight evenly.
Rules 1. You only have one attempt. You may not start over once you begin placing marbles in the boat. 2. You must wait three seconds before you can place another marble in your boat. 3. When your boat sinks, count the number of marbles in your sunken boat.

73. Conclusion 1. In what way does the size of the boats make a difference in the amount of marbles they hold? Please be specific.
2. In what way does the design of the boats make a difference in the amount of marbles they hold? Please be specific.
3. Please describe which design held the most marbles and why.
4. What would you do different next time?

74. Newton's first law of motion says that an object in motion will stay in motion and an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. In the car your body was in motion, traveling at the same speed as the car. When the car stopped, your body stayed in motion. If you were not wearing a seatbelt and you were traveling very fast, your body could continue to move forward through the windshield!

75. Inertia Inertia keeps an object still or keeps it moving.
A moving object will keep moving until something stops it.
An object that is not moving will not move until something moves it.

76. If a bowling ball and a soccer ball were both dropped at the same time from the roof of a tall building, which would hit the ground with a greater force? Common sense tells us that the bowling ball would. We know that gravity accelerates all objects at the same rate, so both balls would hit the ground at the same time. Therefore the difference in forces would be caused by the different masses of the balls.

77. A speeding bullet and a slow moving train both have tremendous force
A speeding bullet and a slow moving train both have tremendous force. The force of the bullet can be attributed to its incredible acceleration while the force of the train comes from its great mass.

78. Imagine a rocket is being launched from the earth
Imagine a rocket is being launched from the earth. Hot gases are pushed out from the bottom of the rocket as the rocket is thrust upward. The force of the gases pushing against the surface of the earth is equal and opposite to the force with which the rocket moves upward. The motion of the rocket can be explained by Newton's third law, for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. In other words, when one object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts a force of equal strength in the opposite direction on the first object. Likewise, when a skeet shooter fires his shotgun at a clay disc flying through the air, he experiences the recoil upon the shotgun. The "kick" felt by the shooter is the reaction force upon the shotgun which is equal in magnitude to the force that pushes the pellets.

79. Newton Flipchart
Newton
Law 1
Law 2
Law 3

80. Workbook Page: 317

81. Study Guide……

82. TEST GOOD LUCK!