1. Welcome to U.S. History II
Ms. Varnum

2. Syllabus & Academic Integrity
Any questions?

3. Classroom Policies
Mutual Respect
Cell Phones
Bathroom
Food

4. True or False? Write 3 additional facts about WWII
Unit 1: Day 1
True or False?
During WWII the United States economy suffered.
The United States and Great Britain were both members of the Allied Powers
The United States and the Soviet Union Fought against each other in WWII
Write 3 additional facts about WWII

5. Directions
Read “Telescoping the Times: The United States in World War II” (taken from The Americans)
In your notebook, answer the following questions:
1. What social changes arose from the war?
2. What economic changes arose from the war?
3. Based on this reading, describe the relationship between the US and the USSR during WWII.

6. Making Predictions
What were some possible causes of tension between the US and USSR after WWII?

7. The Cold War

8. “How did the end of WWII lead to the Cold War?”
Exit Ticket
Directions: Write your answer to the following question in complete sentences. Be specific and include as much detail as possible. Answers will be collected on your way out of class.
“How did the end of WWII lead to the Cold War?”

9. Unit 1: The Cold War Do Now: Answer the following questions:
Unit 1: Day 2
Unit 1: The Cold War
Do Now:
Create a “Do Now” page in your notebook – answer all Unit 1 Do Now questions on that page. (Hint: This might come in handy for quizzes/tests)
Answer the following questions:
When did the US celebrate the end of WWII in Europe and the Pacific?
A. December, 1944
B. June, 1944
C. May, 1945
D. August, 1945
E. February, 1946
Who were the leaders of the major allied forces at the end of WWII?

10. Directions: Create a T-Chart (like the one below) in your notebook
Read pg in The Americans. Fill in your T-Chart as you read.
Compare your chart with a partner
Place a $ next to economic goals. Place a # next to goals that involved self-protection.
US Goals after WWII
USSR Goals after WWII

11. Capitalism vs. Communism
Capitalism: n. an economic system in which private individuals and corporations control the means of production and use them to earn profits.
Anyone can start their own business, earn their own profit
Rule of laws: certain things you can and cant do
Prices & Wages are determined by supply & demand
Free Enterprise
Economic system
Government plays limited role
Uneven distribution of wealth – 3 class sytem
Communism: n. an economic and political system based on one party government and state ownership of property.
Equal distribution of wealth and power
Economic and political system
Little or no private ownership of property & no political freedom
Dictatorship (Stalin)

12. Exit Ticket
Would you prefer to live in a communist society or a capitalist society? Why?

13. Unit 1: Day 3
Do Now:
3. True or false: There are elections in a communist controlled country. 4. True or false: During the Cold War, the United States and Soviet Union never directly fought each other. 5. The “Iron Curtain” became known as the divide in_________ a. Asia b. America c. Germany d. Soviet Union e. Europe 6. The world peacekeeping body formed after WWII was called the a. League of Nations b. United Nations c. North Atlantic Treaty Organization d. Warsaw Pact

14. Capitalism vs. Communism

15. Capitalism vs. Communism
Private ownership (houses/businesses)
Different classes (uneven distribution of wealth)
Competition drives innovation
Government has control of economic decisions
No private ownership (government owns everything)
No class distinctions
No individual freedom/economic freedom

16. Analyzing Motives
Independent Activity: Read handout and complete chart at the bottom of the page.
Experiences During War
Emotions after War
Needs After War
Soviet Union
Suffered more casualties and destruction than other Allied forces
- Feared another invasion from the west
- revenge, payback, etc.
-Rebuild
- Protection
United States
Considerably fewer casualties
Very little destruction
Feared totalitarian governments
Emerged from the war economically stronger than ever
- Needed free markets in Europe to sell large amount of goods it produced

17. Goals After WWII United States
Gain access to raw materials/markets in Eastern Europe
Rebuild European governments to establish new markets for US goods
Prevent spread of communism
Soviet Union
Spread communism
Control Eastern Europe (economy, protection from satellite nations); balance US power
Keep Germany weak/divided

18. Ch. 26, Sec. 2: Guided Reading Civil War in China Civil War in Korea
1. Which side did the US support and why?
The Nationalists, because they opposed communism.
South Korea because it was democratic and North Korea was communist/totalitarian.
2. What did the US do to affect the outcome of the war?
Sent the nationalists billions of dollars in military equipment and supplies; tried to negotiate end to the war
Provide naval and air support; sent troops; went to war
3. What was the outcome of the war?
The communists won; nationalists forced to flee to Taiwan
Stalemate; Korea remains 2 nations separated by a demilitarized zone; US lost 54,000 soldiers & spent $67 billion
4. How did the American public react to that outcome and why?
Fear, shock, anger; refused to accept communism as China’s true government; couldn’t believe that the policy of containment failed.
High cost of war led Americans to reject democratic party.

19. Do Now:
Unit 1: Day 4

20. Happy Monday! Do Now: Quiz!
Please put phones on desk face down OR in phone jail.
Phones during quiz = automatic zero. No excuses.
Questions 10 & 11: Write in complete sentences, provide detail and support for your answer. 3pts each!

21. Causes & Effects of Cold War
US & USSR had opposite beliefs
USSR dominated Eastern Europe
US believed in containment of communism
COLD WAR BEGAN IN 1947
EFFECTS
America tried to help China resist communism and failed
America fought communist forces in N. Korea
Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan aided Europe
NATO was formed
US developed the Berlin Airlift to help West Berlin, Germany

22. Class Participation Rubric

23. Primary Source Documents

24. Reading Like a Historian
Sourcing (before reading!)
Contextualization (before reading!)
Close Reading (as you read/after you read)
Corroboration (after you read)

25. Reading Like a Historian
Sourcing:
Who wrote your document and when was it written?
What is the author’s Perspective?
Contextualization
When and where was the document created?
What was going on at the time this document was created?
Close Reading
What claims does the author make?
What evidence does the author use?

26. Reading Like a Historian
Corroboration (putting it all together)
What do other documents say?
Do the documents agree? If not, why?
What documents are most reliable?

27. Happy Monday!
Do Now:
7. What do we know about US foreign policy during The Cold War?
8. Draw something that relates to The Cold War.
*Foreign Policy = (noun) a government’s strategy in dealing with other nations

28. GERMANY
It was a story about the struggle over Germany directly after WWII.
Germany was divided into four zones: American, British, French and Soviet.

29. Containment
What: A U.S. policy developed to deal with the Soviet threat.
Goal: to prevent the extension of communist rule to other countries.
Effect: Guided the Truman administration’s foreign policy.

30. Containment Truman Doctrine
Provided $400 million in aid to Greece and Turkey between 1947 and 1950
Prevented spread of soviet control to these countries
The Marshall Plan
Provided $12.5 billion in aid to European countries between
Revived European hope – by 1952 Western Europe flourishing
Berlin Airlift
US & British aid to West Berlin using airplanes to transport 2.3 million tons of supplies (food, coal, medicine, etc.) after the city was blockaded by the Soviet Union
327 days straight, 277,000 flights into Berlin
US & British aid to West Berlin using airplanes to transport 2.3 million tons of supplies (food, coal, medicine, etc.)
327 days straight, 277,000 flights into Berlin

31. GERMANY
It was a story about the struggle over Germany directly after WWII.
Germany was divided into four zones: American, British, French and Soviet.

32. The most important city was divided.
Berlin was similarly divided into four distinct areas but was situated some 100 miles within Soviet controlled eastern Germany.
France, England, and America decided to combine their territory in Berlin called West Berlin.

33. June 1948, Blockade Begins
Since the city was surrounded by Soviet controlled territory, Stalin denied the 3 other countries the use of the road and rail access.
2.1 million residents in West Berlin only had enough food and supplies for 5 weeks.

34. The Berlin Airlift
The only way to reach the people in West Berlin was to use airplanes.
The American military provided humanitarian relief to Germans -- whom they had recently fought on the battlefield -- while the Soviets used starvation as a means to control a population.

35. Commitment and credibility
For 327 days, 2.3 million tons of supplies were brought to West Berlin
President Truman succeeded in forcing Stalin to end the Berlin blockade by demonstrating that the United States had both the means and the will to continue the Berlin Airlift indefinitely.

36. The effects of the Berlin Airlift
The Berlin Airlift ended in May 1949.
The blockade increased the fear of the Soviet.
A military alliance called NATO was formed.
Germany officially became two different countries.

37. Berlin Airlift Re-telling
Work in groups of 4
Put cards in correct order of story
Then, try to retell the story
Pass cards when you get stuck
When everyone in your group can retell the entire story, YOU WIN!

38. Do Now
9. What did the Berlin Airlift, the Truman Doctrine, and the Marshall Plan all have in common? 10. Did the U.S. policy of containment apply only to Europe?

39. Korea & China Directions:
Read pages in your textbook and answer the following questions in complete sentences in your notebook.
What factors led to the Communist takeover in China?
How did Korea become a divided nation after World War II?
How did the involvement of Communist China affect the Korean War?
How did Truman and MacArthur differ over strategy in the Korean War?

41. The Korean War: Different Perspectives
Directions:
Read the excerpts from “Textbook A” and “Textbook B”
Answer the following questions in your notebook:
According to each textbook, how did the Korean War start?
Which of these textbooks do you find more trustworthy? Why? (use specific examples from each text to support your answer)
Where else would you look in order to figure out how the Korean War started?
Which textbook comes from North Korea? Which comes from South Korea? (use specific examples from each text to support your answer)
Textbook A
Textbook B

42. The Korean War: Different Perspectives
Textbook A History of the Revolution of our Great Leader Kim Il-sun: High School. (Pongyang, North Korea: Textbook Publishing Co., 1999). Textbook B Kim, Doojin. Korean History: Senior High. (Seoul, South Korea: Dae HanTextbook Co.), 2001.

43. Exit Ticket How did US action in China lead to the Korean War?
Write one potential quiz question for Ch. 26, Sections 1 &2

44. Answer following questions in your notebook:
Monday, 9/29
3. Read Section 3 (pg )
Answer following questions in your notebook:
3 “MAIN IDEA” questions: A (pg. 823), B (pg. 824), C (pg. 825)
Section 3 Assessment #1 & 2 (pg. 827)

45. Do Now: Put everything away! Red Dot Game:
Pick a piece of paper – DON’T SHOW ANYONE! Put in pocket (must stay there entire game!!!)
GOAL: BLANK paper: Create the largest group of people with ONLY blank paper – largest group WINS! RED DOT paper: get into a group with blank paper – YOU WIN!

46. What are civil liberties?
Definition: individual rights protected by law from unjust governmental or other interference.
Civil liberties are guaranteed by the Bill of Rights and the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments to the Constitution.
Examples:
13th Amendment: prohibits slavery and involuntary servitude
14th Amendment: prohibits… - any law that would abridge the “privileges and immunities” of U.S. citizens - deprive any person “life, liberty or property…without due process of law”
- Deny any person equal protection under the law
15th Amendment: guarantees the right of all U.S. citizens to vote.

47. Anti-Communist fear gripped the country
Concept Map
Anti-Communist fear gripped the country

48. Answer these questions on your DO NOW PAGE of your notebook!
11. Why were Americans worried about the security of the United States during the Cold War?
12. What 2 government organizations were formed to stop the spread of communism in the United States?

49. Causes and Effects: McCarthyism
Soviets successfully establish Communists regimes in Eastern Europe after WWII.
Soviets develop the atomic bomb more quickly than expected
Korean War ends in stalemate
Republicans gain politically by accusing Truman and Democrats of being soft on communism

50. Causes and Effects: McCarthyism
Millions of Americans are forced to take loyalty oaths and undergo loyalty investigations.
Activism by labor unions goes into decline.
Many people are afraid to speak out on public issues.
Anti-communism continues driving U.S. foreign policy.

51. Causes and Effects: McCarthyism
Soviets successfully establish Communists regimes in Eastern Europe after WWII.
Soviets develop the atomic bomb more quickly than expected
Korean War ends in stalemate
Republicans gain politically by accusing Truman and Democrats of being soft on communism
Effects
Millions of Americans are forced to take loyalty oaths and undergo loyalty investigations.
Activism by labor unions goes into decline.
Many people are afraid to speak out on public issues.
Anti-communism continues driving U.S. foreign policy.
The Americans, p. 827

52. Herblock, Washington Post, October 31, 1947, Library of Congress

53. "Say, what ever happened to 'freedom-from-fear'. "August 13, 1951
"Say, what ever happened to 'freedom-from-fear'?"August 13, Published in the Washington Post

54. Going against McCarthy
"I speak as a Republican. I speak as a woman. I speak as a United States senator. I speak as an American...I am not proud of the way in which the Senate has been made a publicity platform for irresponsible sensationalism. I am not proud of the reckless abandon in which unproved charges have been hurled from this side of the aisle.”
Senator Margaret Chase Smith

55. Do Now:
13. In your own words, define McCarthyism. 14. Who gained politically from McCarthyism? Why did they benefit?

56. Section 2 Quiz *Chance to earn 3 points on your Section 2 Quiz*
Describe the foreign policy of the United States during the Cold War.
Include specific examples and the overall goal of the U.S.

57. Two Nations Live on the Edge
Fear/horror because Soviet Union’s development of the atomic bomb took away the U.S. advantage – developed the Hydrogen bomb in response (“Arms Race”)
Used cover CIA action to topple the Iranian government in order to establish a government more favorable to Western interests
Used cover CIA action to topple the Guatemalan government in order to establish a government more favorable to Western interests
Eisenhower Doctrine created to prevent attacks from Communist countries; asked the U.N. to order a cease-fire and the withdrawal of troops
Protested the invasion, but policy of containment did not support driving Soviets from satellite nations. U.S. did little to help.
Poured money into space program and education; felt vulnerable to nuclear attack and inferior to Soviet Union science and technology (“Space Race”)
At first lied about the purpose of the flight; then publicly admitted guilt to salvage an impending summit conference on the arms race

58. Exit Ticket
TO BE TURNED IN: - Create a list of topics to consider for the Unit 1 Test next week. This should include main ideas covered this unit (events, people, conflicts, etc.) - Put an asterisk next to items on your list that need clarification before the test.

59. Do Now:
15. True or False: America tested new nuclear weapons during the 1950s and 1960s. 16. Why were people terrified of the Soviet Union having nuclear weapons? How did people prepare for possible attacks?