2. ADOLESCENCE Puberty Physical changes
Testosterone in males & estrogen & progesterone in females are responsible for changes that affect teens during puberty.
Physical changes
Primary sex characteristics
Gametes; male gametes = sperm, female gametes = ova (eggs)
Production of sperm puberty.
All eggs are birth, but don’t mature until puberty.
Secondary sex characteristics
Females; breasts develop, waistline narrows, hips widen, body fat increases.
Males; facial hair, voice deepens, shoulders broaden, muscles develop.
Both; body hair appears, permanent teeth grow in, perspiration increases.

3. MENTAL CHANGES By the age of 6, brain is 95% of adult size.
Cerebrum (thinking part of brain) continues to develop in adolescence.
Continual develop increases memory & cognition.
How does increases in memory & cognition help you in other ways during adolescence and into adulthood?
Problem solving in more complex ways
Anticipate consequences of particular actions
Think logically
Understand different points of views.
THE TEENAGE BRAIN

4. EMOTIONAL CHANGES Social changes
Adolescence associated w/ bursts of energy and waves of strong emotions.
Why do you think the emotional changes during adolescence are difficult to control?
Making friends & being accepted becomes important.
Meeting new people in high school can lead to change in friends.
How can meeting new friends and associated with different groups help your personal growth?
Social changes

5. DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS Establish emotional & psychological independence.
Develop a personal sense of identity.
Adopt a personal value system.
Establish adult vocational goals.
Develop control over your behavior.

6. REFLECT & DISCUSS
Reflect on two moments on your life that you feel changed the way you think or act. “Ah ha moments”, epiphanies.
What specific things about these moments changed your perceptions or actions?
Now, think about the developmental tasks of adolescents.
How did these moments help you reach your developmental tasks of adolescence?

7. DO NOW What is adolescence?
Describe and appraise the significance of two body changes that occur in males and two that occur in females during adolescence.
What is cognition?

8. STAGES OF ADULTHOOD YOUNG ADULTHOOD 19 – 40 years LATE ADULTHOOD
65 years - death
MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
40 – 65 years

9. YOUNG ADULTHOOD Developmental Tasks of young adults
To develop personal independence
Can begin when an individual leaves home or works full-time
Transition moves from emotional support from family, to support from friends to becoming self sufficient
Making occupational choices
Going to college and choosing a major area of study
Enlisting in the military
Establishing intimate relationships
Need for emotional intimacy; the ability to experience a caring, loving relationship w/ another person w/ whom you can share your innermost feelings.
What are some developmental tasks a person should achieve before entering into an emotionally intimate relationship? Why?
Contributing to society
How do I fit into society?
What are my political views and religious beliefs?
What are some ways that individuals during young adulthood exercise their ability to contribute to society?

10. MIDDLE ADULTHOOD Developmental tasks of middle adulthood
Contributing to society
Helping guide future generations
Develop a sense of unity w/ a mate
Reverse roles w/ aging parents
Helping growing & grown children to be responsible adults
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Break down the word generativity into two words…
genera. & tivity. What other words have the letters “genera” in the word and what other words use the letters “tivity” as the suffix?
What do you think these two words mean?

11. GENERATIVITY vs. STAGNATION
Generativity- a sense of productivity and accomplishment.
Stagnation- A feeling that arises when a person is self-centered and unable or unwilling to help society, a dissatisfaction with the relative lack of productivity.

12. LATE ADULTHOOD Developmental tasks of late adulthood Retrospective
Looking back on one’s life & accomplishments
Individuals will either gain a sense of contentment & integrity if they feel a sense of accomplishment, or a sense of despair if they see a life of disappointments and unachieved goals.

13. Most empirical research into Erikson has stemmed around his views on
adolescence and attempts to establish identity. His theoretical approach
was studied and supported, particularly regarding adolescence, by James
E. Marcia.[3] Marcia's work has distinguished different forms of identity,
and there is some empirical evidence that those people who form the
most coherent self-concept in adolescence are those who are most able to
make intimate attachments in early adulthood. This supports Eriksonian
theory, in that it suggests that those best equipped to resolve the crisis of
early adulthood are those who have most successfully resolved the crisis
of adolescence.
On the other hand, Erikson's theory may be questioned as to whether
his stages must be regarded as sequential, and only occurring within the age
ranges he suggests. There is debate as to whether people only search for identity
during the adolescent years or if one stage needs to happen before other stages
can be completed.
Do you feel that every individual reaches each development task in the specific age range & in sequential order, or do you believe that individuals can reach certain tasks during different ages & in non-specific order?

14. Do now When do most people reach physical maturity?
What is the difference between emotional maturity and emotional intimacy?
What are the four developmental tasks of adulthood?

15. MARRIAGE
CHARACTERISTICS
OF MARRIAGE

16. Choosing marriage
What are the differences between a serious dating relationship and marriage?
Relationship becomes more thoughtful.
Make deeper commitments to each other.
Consider long term consequences when making decisions.
Commit to spend lives together & care for each other throughout lives.
MARRIAGE STATS

17. Successful marriages Good communication Emotional maturity
Share feelings & express needs & concerns.
Emotional maturity
Try to understand partners’ needs & are willing to compromise.
Don’t always think of themselves first. “What is best for the relationship?”
Similar values & interests
Share attitudes about importance of good health, religious beliefs, cultural heritage, family & friendships.
Do opposites attract?

18. CONFLICTS IN MARRIAGE Differences in spending & saving habits.
Conflicting loyalties involving family & friends.
Lack of communication.
Lack of intimacy.
Jealously, infidelity, or lack of attention.
Decisions about having children & arranging child care.
Abusive tendencies or attitudes.

19. RESPONSIBILITIES OF PARENTHOOD
Providing guidance
Individual responsibility
Encouraging children and helping develop a sense of pride.
Instilling values
Passing down strong commitment to value system & spirituality.
Setting limits
Clearly defined set of rules. Allows children to learn limits & become self-directed.
How do you feel setting limits leads to becoming self-directed?
Giving unconditional love
Showing love at all times, whether child is well-behaved, happy, sad, sick or afraid.

20. DO NOW
What commitment do two people make to each other when they marry?
What are two communication skills that help determine a successful marital adjustment?
Describe how parents, grandparents and others contribute to a healthy family.

21. TRANSITIONS THROUGH MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
Physical
Skin loses elasticity
Functioning of body’s organs slows
Body’s immune system becomes less effective
Females experience menopause around 45-55
Stopping of ovulation and menstruation (can no longer become pregnant).
Hormonal changes during menopause associated w/ hot flashes.
Mental
Mental activities such as solving puzzles, reading and playing board games provide mental stimulation.
What are some changes that have occurred in our society that have caused older individuals to learn new things?

22. Transitions cont. Emotional Social
Similar to the “growing pains” of adolescence.
Midlife crisis derives from…
Questions and concerns about whether they have met their goals
Feel loved and valued
Have made positive difference in the lives of others.
Social
Death of a parent or need to adjust to children’s growing up and leaving home (empty nest syndrome).
Many individuals pursue new interests and make new friends.

23. DO NOW What transitions do people in middle adulthood face?
What causes empty-nest syndrome?
What is integrity?