1. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE His shoes are dirty. He is cleaning his shoes.
He HAS CLEANED his shoes.
(His shoes are clean now.)

2. (They are not at home now.)
They are at home.
They are going out.
They HAVE GONE out.
(They are not at home now.)

3. I
We have
You
They cleaned the board. He
She has It
Have = ‘ve have not = haven’t
Has = ‘s has not = hasn’t

4. We use THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE for
An action in the past WITH A RESULT NOW:
I have lost my passport. (=I can’t find it now.)
“Where’s “She has gone to bed. (=She’s in bed now.)
We have bought a new car.
It’s Rachel’s birthday tomorrow and
I have not bought her a present.
“Bob is on holiday.” “Oh, where has he gone?”
Can I take this newspaper? Have you finished it?

5. The picture has fallen down.
She has closed the door.
She ’s closed the door.
They have gone to bed.
They ’ve gone to bed.
It has stopped raining.
It ’s stopped raining.
He has had a bath.
The picture has fallen down.

6. A: Can I have this newspaper?
B. Yes, I have finished with it.
A: Where is Esma?
B: She has gone out.
A: Does Fatma know that you are going away?
B: Yes, I have told her.
A: Where are my glasses?
B: I don’t know. I haven’t seen them.

7. I have bought some new shoes.
Do you want to see them?
I’m looking for Halilullah. Have you seen him?
Look! Yeşim has broken that WINDOW.
I can’t find my umbrella. Somebody has taken it.
I know that woman but I have forgotten her name.

8. Meryem is having a party tonight. She has invited a lot of people.
What are you going to do?
Have you decided?

9. Just= a short time ago “daha şimdi, henüz”
JUST, ALREADY, YET
Just= a short time ago “daha şimdi, henüz”
They have j u s t arrived.
I have j u s t had dinner.
He has j u s t gone.

10. Already: before you expected “daha önce, çoktan”
What time are Esra and Serpil coming?
They have already arrived.
It is only nine o’clock and Ann has already gone to bed
A: Erkan, this is Derya.
E: Yes, I know. We have already met.
I HAVE ALREADY………………. .
I’ve already ……………………… .

11. Yet: until now “şu ana kadar, henüz”
A: Are Cezmi and Mehmet here?
B: No, they haven’t arrived yet.
A: Does Ferda know that you’re going away?
B. No, I haven’t told him yet.
Margaret has bought a new dress
but she hasn’t worn it yet.

12. They have just bought a car.
He has just got up.
They have just bought a car.
The race has just started.

13. They have already seen it. I have already phoned him.
He has already gone away.
I have already read it.
She has already started it.

14. The bus has just gone.
The bus has not gone yet.
The bus hasn’t gone yet.
They have just finished their dinner.
They ’ve just finished their dinner.
It has not stopped raining yet.
It hasn’t stopped raining yet.

15. Have you ever been to Rome?
Yes, I have. Many times.
Have you ever been to Japan?
No, I’ve NEVER been to Japan.
Have you ever been to France? (in your life)
No, I haven’t.
Have you ever played golf?
No, never

16. Have you ever lost your mobile phone?
Yes, many times.
Have you ever flown in a helicopter?
No, never.
Have you ever eaten Chinese food?
Yes, once.
Have you ever been to New York?
Yes, a few times.
Have you ever driven a bus?
Yes, twice
Have you ever broken your leg?
Yes, three times.

17. Since he got up this morning. Since I finished my homework.
S i n c e : -den beri
Since Monday
Since 5 o’clock.
Since he got up this morning.
Since I finished my homework.
Since I was young.
Since I was 11 years old
F o r: -dır, -dir, -tır
For a long time
For ten years
For six months
For a few hours

18. How long have they been in Brazil?
For ten years.
How long have you known Derya?
For two months.
How long has Ali lived in Kastamonu?
Since 2005.
How long have you been a teacher?
Since 1989.