1. History of Floral Design
Mrs. Jennifer Crutchfield

2. Why is it important to understand history of floral design?
To understand how designs from historical periods influence contemporary designs.
What will you learn?
Be able to identify origins of floral designs.
Identify characteristics of mass, line-mass and line designs in history.

3. How were flowers used through out history?
Used by people to:
Express their feelings
Enhance their surroundings
Commemorate important rituals and observances.
Personal Adornment

4. History Reveals Two Different Styles of Flowers.
European or Occidental Style- Started in Egypt and was later developed by Europeans
Oriental Style- Started in China and later developed by the Japanese

5. Oriental Style
Usually large and symmetrical with one or two types of foliage and flowers placed around a central branch.
Lightest colors were used at outer portions of design, darker ones kept nearest the base.

6. Oriental Style- Line Arrangements
Oriental styles emphasized simplicity, containing few flowers and conservative colors, and, as they emphasized lines instead of masses, are known as 'Line Arrangements'.
The lotus was sacred because it was the flower of the Goddess Isis.

7. Oriental Style
Name later changed to Ikebana which means “giving life to the flowers.”

8. Oriental Style
Characterized by minimum use of plant material and careful placement of branches and flowers.
Each placement and angle has meaning.
This type of arrangement became known as “line arrangement”

9. Oriental Style

10. European Style
The European style arrangements from which we borrowed were filled with large numbers of flowers rich in various colors, and are referred to as 'Mass Arrangements'.

11. European Style

12. European Style Generally large, round or oval mass of flowers
Flower placement is not rigidly dictated as in oriental design

13. Floral Designs in European Periods How did the Mass Style Flower Arrangement Evolve?
Middle Ages-
Renaissance
Baroque
French
English-Georgian
Victorian

14. Middle Ages Not much is known about floral design
This is the period between the ancient and modern times in European history
476 to 1450 AD
Flowers were an important part of life
Used for
Medicine
Air fresheners flower petals put on ground and walked on to freshen air.
Wreaths and Garlands
Personal Adornment
Decorations

15. Renaissance Period in Europe after Middle Ages
Flowers are often shown in vases in paintings.
Great emphasis is placed on flower meaning
Mass of flowers
Rarely see the stems
Each flower does stand out
Patterned after the clasical greek and roman Styles

16. Baroque Period Era following the Renaissance in Europe
Art is no longer just for the church or nobility, it is now accessible to the middle class
Paintings show arrangements in everyday settings
Many interiors were overdecorated and gaudy
Designs became more creative and expressive

17. French Period (17th & 18th century France)
Also known as the “Grand Era”
Associated with the courtly life
Emphasis was on classic design, refinement, and elegance
Designs were often fan shaped and massed

18. English-Georgian Period (18th century England)
Named for English Kings George I, II, & III
Fragrance was very important in flower selection because it was thought to rid disease
English created the nosegay to safeguard from illness
Flowers became part of fashion in hair, around necks, and in décolletage
Arrangements were formal & symmetrical
Often used Nosegay to smell because of bad smells of self and others.

19. Nosegay
Many times the nosegay was given as a gift as each flower had a meaning.
You can easily make a nosegay from items from your yard.

20. Victorian Era
Named for Queen Victoria who reigned in England from 1837 to 1901
Victorian interiors were lavishly decorated in heavy colors and patterns

21. Victorian Era: Design Characteristics
Time of great enthusiasm about flowers; floral design was taught and recognized as art
First attempt to establish rules for floral arranging
Described as grouping large masses of flowers, foliage, and grasses together to create a design with no center of interest
Usually round or oval shaped arrangements

22. Victorian Era Characteristics
Two or Three Tiered Flower Arrangements.
Tight mass of flowers with foliage around edges.

23. History influence on today’s floral design.
American floral design uses more materials than the Oriental but far fewer than the European
US floral design is often built around linear patterns, showing the Oriental influence.

24. Historical influence on today’s floral design.
Most floral designs in the US are referred to as “line mass” and combine Oriental and European ideas

25. Student Activity:
Select pictures of European, Oriental, and American Floral Designs find at least three pictures of each type of design, label each picture with the type of design that it represents **Remember to also label if the design is a line design, mass design, or a line mass design. Tape the picture on a piece of white printer paper.
You may choose to used pictures from interior, home furninshing magazines or the internet.

26. Flower Arrangement Activity
You will be creating an Oriental Style Line Flower Arrangement.
Make a list of the items you will need:
1/3 piece of floral foam
Low bowl or small desert plate
Floral tape
2 Branches (any type)
10 large Leaves they can be the same as the Leaves From the Branch or they can be hosta leaves, canna lilly.
3 Flowers with a large head. You can use Zinia, Carnation, Crepe Myrtal Blooms, Roses
Please try to find flowers in and around your school or yard(Any Found flower will work for this arrangement)

27. Quiz:
What are some practical reasons for knowing the history of floral art?
What are some reasons for changing design styles across time?
What are some floral traditions of ancient civilizations?
How did European traditions influence American design?

28. Quiz
Explain how the oriental and European floral design styles have influenced the types of flower shop arrangements sold today.
What are the two historical types of floral design?
How are the two types of floral design different in their looks?
Name your favorite period of floral design.