Phonics Objectives Lesson 1: Introduction to phonics

Name: Phonics Objectives Lesson 1: Introduction to phonics
Uploaded: 2017-07-02T22:53:06+00:00
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Description: Phonics Objectives Lesson 1: Introduction to phonics

Phonics Objectives Lesson 1: Introduction to phonics
Lesson 2 : Consonant clusters Lesson 3 : Puzzling sounds Lesson 4 : Syllables and word stress Lesson 5 : Intonation

Phonics Aims To teach students the basic ideas about reading with phonics. To show students that when they read with phonics, they can read words by saying the sounds that letters make. To teach students how to read sight words. Sight word is a word that does not follow the normal phonic rules. To show students how to use the dictionary to find the pronunciation of words.

Phonics Objectives Lesson 1 : Introduction to phonics
To help students learning the sounds made by the alphabets. To teach short and long vowels. To help students learning consonants. Teaching method PowerPoint slide presentation Exercises and quizzes

Phonics Objectives Lesson 2 : Consonant clusters
To teach students the consonant clusters. To help students learning double consonants, blends, digraphs. Teaching method PowerPoint slide presentation Exercises and quizzes

Phonics Objectives Lesson 3 : Puzzling sounds
To teach students homophones. To help students learning sounds of past tense endings, soft ‘c’ and ‘g’. To help students learning ‘r’ as a vowel modifier. Teaching method PowerPoint slide presentation Exercises and quizzes

Phonics Objectives Lesson 4 : Syllables
To teach students the syllables of words To help students learning word stresses. To show students how to use the dictionary to find the pronunciation of words. Teaching method PowerPoint slide presentation Exercises and quizzes

Phonics Objectives Lesson 5 : Intonation
To teach students the stresses in phrases or sentences. To help students learning the stress rules. To teach students how to read out sentences with correct stress patterns. Teaching method PowerPoint slide presentation Exercises and quizzes

Introduction to Phonics
Lesson One Introduction to Phonics Hello!

Phonics Phonics is the process of learning through the relationship between letters and combination of letters and the sounds that go with them.

Phonics approach helps you ‘sounding out’ new words.

20 different vowel sounds
English has only 26 letters But 44 different sounds 5 written vowels: (母音) a, e, i, o, u 20 different vowel sounds 21 written consonants (子音) 24 consonant sounds

Try to read out these words
Difficult to read out English words because: 1. Single letter - different sounds apple always Try to read out these words about acorn artist

Difficult to read out English words because:
2. Different letters –same sound be police tree quay sea people piece complete seize key

Vowels Short vowels a, e, i, o, u
These letters are called vowels. You can sometimes hear their sounds in the middle of words. Trace the vowel sound in each word: cat nest win rock tub

Put the short vowel sounds into these words. Say the words.
Try it yourself… A E I O U B _ g H _ n P _ n D _ t T _ b R _ g T _ n F _ g M _ d S _ t S _ p L _ t F _ n P _ t Ch _ p St _ p B _ n L _ p Cl _ b Put the short vowel sounds into these words. Say the words. a e i o u oo

Long vowels: A : play, cage, way E : see, feet, eat I : pie, kite, try
Sometimes the vowels ‘say their names’ i.e., they have the same sound as letters of the alphabet. When they do this they are called LONG vowels. A : play, cage, way E : see, feet, eat I : pie, kite, try O : rope, old, grow U : tube suit, you

‘Magic e’ Short vowel tap pip not mat bit hop Long vowel tape pipe
When ‘e’ is written at the end of a 3 letter word or a 4 letter word, the short vowel sound changes to a long vowel sound. Short vowel tap pip not mat bit hop Long vowel tape pipe note mate bite hope A magic !

Put the long vowel sounds into these words.Say the words.
Try it yourself… A E I O U B _ ke _ _ l T _ e Sn _ w M _ sic St _ y F _ _ l F _ ve G _ o C _ be M _ ke Tr _ _ Sl _ ce G _ es S _ it L _ ke Ch _ _se P _ e Bl _ w R _ le S _ y Wh _ _l Sl _ de P _ pil a Ee ee i o u Put the long vowel sounds into these words.Say the words.

Single consonants and short vowels
Pattern Position Example Single consonants Initial b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, q, p, r, s, t, u, v, w, x, y, z Short vowels Initial & middle a : apple bat e : elephant pet i : ink tin o : orange pot u : umbrella jug

Consonant – vowel (c-v)
Common Patterns ( I ) Consonant – vowel (c-v) Example: to go be do no Vowel – consonant (v-c) Example: an at in it on up us

Common Patterns ( II ) Consonant–vowel–consonant (c-v-c) Example:
Rhyming words with different initial consonants Example: man can ran pan van fan

Common Patterns ( III ) Consonant–vowel–consonant (c-v-c)
Words with different final consonants Example: man mat mad map

Common Patterns ( IV ) Consonant–vowel–consonant (c-v-c)
Words with different mid short vowels Example: pan pen pin

Try yourself Colour the vowels page page sad sad went went tie tie cup
If the word has a short vowel sound, colour the word red If the word has a long vowel sound, colour the word green page page sad sad went went tie tie cup cup so so tree tree cap cap leaf leaf teddy teddy nose nose pie pie

Oral Practice – Tongue Twister
Betty Botter - I Betty Botter bought some butter, But, she said, the butter’s bitter If I put it in my batter It will make my batter bitter But a bit of better butter Will make my batter better.

Oral Practice – Tongue Twister
Betty Botter - II So she bought a bit of butter, Better than her bitter butter, And she put it in her batter, And the batter was not bitter. So it was better Betty Botter bought a bit of better butter.

Oral Practice – Rhyme Baa, Baa, Black Sheep Baa, baa, black sheep,
Have you any wool? Yes, sir, yes, sir, Three bags full; One for the master, And one for the dame, And one for the little boy Who lives down the lane.

Phonics Lesson Two Consonant Clusters

Consonant Clusters L L L
Double consonants - two identical consonants which sound like a single consonant in the final position L L L

Consonant Clusters l bl b
Blends - two consonants ‘blended’ together to form a new sound l bl b

Consonant Clusters c ch h
Digraphs - two letters joined together to form a new single sound which is quite different from their separate sounds c ch h

flat drip step shop this
Pattern Position Example Words Double consonants Final _bb _dd _gg _ll _ss _ff _zz and _ck Pill pull bell bull Blends Initial bl_ cl_ fl_ gl_ pl_ sl_ br_ cr_ dr_ fr_ gr_ pr_ tr_ sc_ sk_ sl_ sm_ sn_ sp_ st_ sw_ flat drip step shop this Digraphs ch, sh, th, ph, wh, qu much must mush

Pattern Position Example Words Blends & Digraphs Final _sh, _ch, _st, sk, _sp, _st, _th, _tch last list lost ‘n’ and ‘m’ blends Finals _nd, _nch, _ng, _nk, _mp, _nt and band land hand sand stand camp damp lamp stamp

Select the word that rhymes in each group.
Try it yourself! Select the word that rhymes in each group.

Exercise 1 Double consonants bell well shell sell fell tall till tell

Answer 1 Double consonants bell well shell sell fell Good! tell

Exercise 2 Double consonants bill pill fill mill hill will wall well

Answer 2 Double consonants bill pill fill mill hill Well Done! will

Exercise 3 Vowels bead need lead weed feed sell seed sheep

Answer 3 Vowels bead need lead weed feed Excellent! seed

Exercise 4 Vowels bed fed wed head said rid red rod

Answer 4 Vowels bed fed wed head said Bravo! red

Discussion Good Work! ? ? ? sail ?
Now discuss with your classmates to find out words that rhyme with ‘sail’.

Mark the blend at the beginning of each word.
Which blend? Say out the word. Mark the blend at the beginning of each word.

Which blend? sw st sn sn st sw star st pl pl sm tr sn snake plane

Which blend? sl bl sp cr sm dr spoon sp st gl dr gl dr glass dress

Which blend? crayon fr tr cr gl fr fl cr sm pl trousers cr fr frog tr

Which blend? pl fr tr sm st tr flower fr st br gr gr sm smile grape

Match the words that rhyme.
Blending riddle Match the words that rhyme.

Blending riddle where shoe shop chin chew there then cheese thin chop
these when

Circle the blend at the finals of each word.
More sounds Say out the word. Circle the blend at the finals of each word.

More sounds friend plant old went cold paint end find front hold band
want ld nt nd nt nd nt nt nd nt ld nd nd ld nt ld

ch and sh Which begins with ch? Which begins with sh?

ch and sh ship chair shop chicken shoes church chain

Finish the words All of these words have ‘sh’ or ‘ch’ in them.
Read the words. Fill in the spaces.

Finish the words _ _ est whi _ _ _ _ arp pit _ _ ri _ _ _ _ in _ _ eck
bu_ _ _ _ ine pat _ _ da _ _ wi _ _ di _ _ su _ _ _ _ ake c h c h s h c h c h c h c h s h s h c h s h s h s h s h s h

Finish the words (Hints)
Read this words: rush shine dash shell sheet crash bush dish shake sharp wish which rich such chest patch chin chapatti check chatter pitch which rich such chest patch chin chapatti check chatter pitch

Find out which object begins with which sound.
Sounds like … Find out which object begins with which sound.

Sounds like … Trumpet Truck Tree Train Trousers Triangle Crane Crab
Crown Crayon Crack cross Trumpet Truck Tree Train Trousers Triangle

Select pictures in each row that begin with the sound.
Which ones? Select pictures in each row that begin with the sound.

Which ones? Plate Plant Plum Blouse Blow Flower Fly Flag Cloud Clown
Clock Slide Sledge

Which ones blend? Find out which object begins with which sound.

Which ones blend? Bread Bridge Drink Drum Dress Frog Fruit Frying-pan
Grass Grape Grasshopper Prize Present Pram

Say the sounds Find out which object begins with which sound.

Say the sounds Skate Skip Skirt Smoke Smile Small Snail Snowman Snake
Spider Spoon Spade Star Stairs Swimming Swing Swan

Shoes Riddle 1 You use me every day. You see me on your feet.
I begin with the same sound in the words ‘show’, ‘short’ and ‘shone’. Shoes

clown Riddle 2 You see me in the circus. I have a red round nose.
I wear big, colourful clothes. I make children laugh. I begin with the same sound in the words ‘cloud’, ‘clean’ and ‘class’. clown

Plate  Riddle 3 I am round. You use me when you eat.
I begin with the same sound in the words ‘play’, ‘please’ and ‘place’. Plate 

Chair Riddle 4 I have four legs. You sit on me every day.
I begin with the same sound in the words ‘church’, ‘cherry’ and ‘chop’. Chair

Phonics Lesson Three Puzzling sounds

Homophones Words that sound exactly the same, but have different meanings and different spellings. Hello! Bonjour!

Homophones You could dig the biggest hole in the whole world.
whole, hole

Homophones A bear might attack you when you walk through bear, bare
the forest with bare feet.

Homophones paws, pause The wet dog should pause
at the door to have his paws wiped. paws, pause

Solve these homophone clues:
1. You breathe it _ _ _ Something is left to him in a will _ _ _ _ 2. Read _ _ _ _ _ They let you do something , you’re _ _ _ _ _ _ _ You did it at dinner yesterday _ _ _ It’s a number _ _ _ _ _ You stop your bike with it _ _ _ _ _ If you drop an egg, it will _ _ _ _ _ 5. You pick it in the garden _ _ _ _ _ _ You make a cake with it _ _ _ _ _ air heir aloud allowed ate eight brake break flower flour

Past tense endings There are 3 ways to pronounce past tense ending ‘-ed’. Sound /t/ /d/ /id/ Ending s, sh, k, p + ed others + ed t, d + ed Example wished, asked, hoped played, rained hated, ended

Past tense endings /id/ sound e.g. mended 2 syllables /t/ sound
e.g. danced 1 syllable /d/ sound e.g. played 1 syllable

Some special sounds ‘soft’ c (sounds like /s/) cent city pencil ice

Some special sounds ‘soft’ g (sounds like /j/) gentle giant cage
ginger cage giant change

One is ‘g’ as in goose or game. ‘g’ makes two different sounds.
Try it yourself! One is ‘g’ as in goose or game. We call this ‘hard g’. ‘g’ makes two different sounds. goose game goat

One is ‘g’ as in giant or gem. We call this ‘soft g’. It sounds ‘j’.
Try it yourself! One is ‘g’ as in giant or gem. We call this ‘soft g’. It sounds ‘j’. gem giraffe giant

‘r’ as a vowel modifier when an ‘r’ comes after a vowel,
the ‘r’ makes the vowel sound different

R modifies short vowels R modifies vowel blends
Pattern Position Example R modifies short vowels All ar: car, arm, part, shark er: after, sister ir: bird ur: burn R modifies vowel blends Final eer: deer ear: near, tear(long) ear: wear, pear (short) air: hair, pair, fair are: care, dare, scare Modification by w Initial or sounds like: worm world ar sounds like: warm

Each of the following words has an ‘r’ after a vowel.
Try it yourself! Each of the following words has an ‘r’ after a vowel. Find the words. car a i o bird star girl corn port

Phonics Lesson Four Syllables and Word stress

Syllables English words break into sound units, or beats, which are called ‘syllables’. Every syllable contains at least one vowel.

Syllables We need to say words aloud to find out how many syllables they have. We have to think about how they sound, not how they look.

Syllables Breaking words into syllables will help us to work out how to spell them. d-i-c-t-a-t-i-o-n dic-ta-tion

1-syllable 2-syllable 3-syllable 4-syllable 5-syllable 6-syllable I
ago dictation composition communication responsibility do father potato television supernatural Mediterranean much letter understand comparison photosynthesis Encyclopaedia small picture animal spring potentiality

Example When nine thousand aliens landed in the school playground, our headteacher went wild. When nine thou-sand a-li-ens lan-ded in the school play-ground, our head-teach-er went wild. 1 2 3

Count the number of syllables in each word.
Try it yourself! Count the number of syllables in each word.

Try it yourself! Spelling isn’t hard,
Once you know some of the tricks, Divide the word into syllables, That makes it easy. 2 1 Good Work! 1 2 2 3 1 1 2

Word stress Listen to your teacher reading these words
potato dictation composition reliable absolutely Listen to your teacher reading these words How many syllables do these words have? Which syllable is more loudly read by your teacher?

Where are the stressed syllables?
Try it yourself! letter college compare school happily discovery Where are the stressed syllables?

Word with 2 syllables The stress is on the first syllable if the word ends in: -ic(s) music, physics, phonics -ia Asia, Sonia -(i)on nation, poison, season -ior junior, senior -ive passive, active -ous famous, conscious -ure picture, capture

Word with 2 syllables The stress is on the first syllable if the word ends in: Continue… -som(e) handsome, seldom -le little, uncle, bible -al medal, total -e/ant moment, servant -en garden, driven, kitten -age passage, courage -ry story, history

Word with 2 syllables The stress is on the last syllable if the word ends in: -aim proclaim -cur occur -duce reduce -eem esteem -irm confirm -ose oppose

Word with 2 syllables The stress is on the last syllable if the word ends in: Continue… -ume resume -ide, -ite divide, decide, recite -self himself -ote promote -ert insert -ect/act react

(Stress on the last syllable)
Word with 2 syllables The stress is on different syllables when the word is in different forms: Noun (Stress on the first Syllable) Verb (Stress on the last syllable) subject record conduct object produce contract transfer

(Stress on the first syllable) (Stress on the last syllable)
Word with 2 syllables The stress is on different syllables when the word is in different forms: Continue… Adjective (Stress on the first syllable) Verb (Stress on the last syllable) present

Word with 2 or more syllables
Usually the third syllable from the end of the word is stressed. possibility innocent popular origin particle representation originality publicity

Prefixes and stress Prefixes will not change the word stress: Word
form rich prison cover interpret Prefix re- en- im- dis- mis- New word reform enrich imprison discover misinterpret

Suffixes and stress Suffixes will not change the word stress: Word
happy beauty king, free home selfish appoint hero visit, ugly scholar Suffix -ly -ful -dom -less -ness -ment -ism -e/or -ship New word happily beautiful kingdom, freedom homeless selfishness appointment heroism visitor, uglier scholarship

pay attention to the stressed syllable.
Say together 1. guaranTEE, overSEE, Can’t you SEE 2. howEVer, forEVer, Pull the LEver 3. underSTAND, comMAND, Play the BAND 4. ceLEbrity, comMUNity, Come PLAY with me. Say the words and pay attention to the stressed syllable.

Phonics Lesson Five Intonation

Intonation Some words are stressed in a phrase or sentence because they give a rhythm or more important information. Stressed

Some words are stressed
Intonation Some words are stressed in a phrase or sentence because they give a rhythm or more important information. Example: ‘ Some words are stressed

Sentence stress Rule 1 The STRESSED words  The CONTENT words
e.g. Nouns, adjectives, action verb (walk, sit…), adverbs, number, question words and demonstratives (this, that…) Example The witch is flying across the sky.

The witch is flying across the sky.
Sentence stress Rule 2 The UNSTRESSED words are usually the FUNCTION words. articles (a, an, the) Pronouns (I, me, my) Prepositions (at, by, for) conjunction (and, so, but) auxiliary verbs (have, had, has) modals (may, can, might) ‘to be’ verbs (am, is, are) The witch is flying across the sky.

and slightly higher in pitch than unstressed words.
Sentence stress Rule 3 Stressed words are: Longer, louder and slightly higher in pitch than unstressed words.

Say unstressed words quickly enough:
Sentence stress Rule 4 Say unstressed words quickly enough: 1. reduced or made shorter with contractions she’ll, he’ll 2. run together with other unstressed words ‘a lot of’  ‘alota’ ‘want to’  ‘wanna’ ‘have to’  ‘hafta’ ‘going to’  ‘gonna’

Sentence stress Rule 5 Stress (or do not reduce) the final word of a sentence if it is a function word (of, to, with, for, me…) Come PLAY with ME. WHO is he GOing to SCHOOL WITH?

Sentence stress Rule 6 Only stress on the same syllable as the word stress. I’m going to the movie. going I’m GO-ING to the MOVIE. I’m GOing to the movie.

Practise the sentence stress rules
Try it yourself! Practise the sentence stress rules 1. ANN and JIM were GOing to the Movies. 2. The PENcil is on the TAble. 3. She Always LIKES to WORK on her desk. 4. It’s a VERY Interesting STOry. 5. WHAT are you DOing?

Try it yourself! 6. What TIME did he GET to the STAtion?
7. Has the TRAIN already LEFT? 8. It’s NOT an EASY THING to remember. 9. WHAT do you THINK he is WAITing FOR? 10. WHO will you be GOing WITH?

Find out the content words stressed in the sentence.
Try it yourself! Find out the content words stressed in the sentence. 1. Do you like to go camping? 2. Students need to study before a test. 3. My children are growing very quickly. 4. How long will it take to paint your house? 5. Who will you be going with?

Practise saying the conversation.
Try it yourself! I’m glad to meet you, Carol. Welcome to XYZ Company. I’m glad you were hired for this position. We’ve been waiting for someone to fill this position for almost a month. You’ll be working with me in the Finance Department. I’m in charge of the daily records, so you’ll need to turn in your reports to me daily. If you have any questions, be sure to ask me. I’d be glad to answer them. Do you know who else you’ll be working with? I’m glad to meet you, Carol. Welcome to XYZ Company. I’m glad you were hired for this position. We’ve been waiting for someone to fill this position for almost a month. You’ll be working with me in the Finance Department. I’m in charge of the daily records, so you’ll need to turn in your reports to me daily. If you have any questions, be sure to ask me. I’d be glad to answer them. Do you know who else you’ll be working with? Practise saying the conversation.

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