1. Copy and correct the following sentence
Do you know Billy Collins's poem On Turning Ten she asked
"Do you know Billy Collins's poem 'On Turning Ten'?" she asked.

2. Homework
Brainstorm research paper topics which you would be interested in writing about.
The topic must be a specific social or political issue in which you are answering a question and presenting an argument for a certain case.
Make sure that you can find enough resources on this specific topic to use.
Final product: Research question that you would like to answer in your paper. Remember, it must be approved by me.

3. SUMMARY, PARAPHRASE, & QUOTATION
What do summaries, paraphrases, and quotes allow writers to do?
They are 3 ways of incorporating other writers' ideas into your own writing.

4. SUMMARY, PARAPHRASE, & QUOTATION
How do summaries, paraphrases, and quotes differ from one another?
They differ according to the similarity of your writing to the source writing.
They differ according to the level of specificity in communicating the ideas of the source writing.

5. QUOTATION Is identical to the original—word for word.
Is the most specific of the three techniques, but should be used the least.
Should never stand by itself as a complete sentence (known as a “floating quote”). Instead, integrate every quote into a sentence of your own.
Requires a parenthetical citation—otherwise, it’s plagiarism.

6. Where do you introduce your quotation?
At the beginning:
Professor Mahmoud Aziz asserts that Hemingway's reputation "is in large part dependent upon the real-world exploits of the author" (23).
Or in the middle of the quotation:
"Education without attention to the arts," explains theorist Elliot Eisner, "would be an impoverished enterprise" (1).
Or at the end:
"They can run, but they can't hide," warned President Bush during a recent press conference (52).

7. PARAPHRASE
Is a precise restatement of a short passage—usually no more than a sentence or two.
Is more specific than summary, but more general than a quotation
Requires that you clearly understand the original passage so you do not distort its meaning.
Uses your own original wording and sentence structure—otherwise, it’s plagiarism.
Is usually very close to the same length as the original passage.
Requires a parenthetical citation—otherwise, it’s plagiarism.

8. SUMMARY Is a general restatement of the main idea of a passage.
Is the most general of the three techniques.
Requires that you clearly understand the original passage so you do not distort its meaning.
Uses your own original wording and sentence structure—otherwise, it’s plagiarism.
Is much shorter in length than the original.
Requires a parenthetical citation—otherwise, it’s plagiarism.
A parenthetical citation consists of the author’s last name and the page number(s) of the borrowed material in parentheses. For example: (Smith 12).

9. EXAMPLE Yasmine Moll says, “ I know many Egyptians that are born and raised in Canada and they are a little mixed up. They don’t really feel Egyptians in certain ways; although their families try to instill in them certain values, they don’t see these values around them.”
Paraphrase
Summary
Yasmine Moll stresses how Egyptians living in Canada hardly understand the difference between the principles stressed by their families and those of the society.
Yasmine Moll clarifies that Egyptians born abroad can hardly maintain their traditions.

10. Critique
To critique a paper, you are trying to discover the weaknesses in the argument that the author is making
Look for:
Claims - what the author is claiming to be true
Evidence - information that backs up claims e.g. references to other papers, statistical data,etc.
Think about
Rebuttals - arguments why the claim might not be true
Counter-evidence - evidence that contradicts the claim

11. Bellwork Copy the question and the correct answer.
Which of the following scenarios would require the author to cite the information in his or her writing project?
A. Michael wrote an informational essay on how to change a transmission.
B. Susan wrote a personal narrative about her mother's car accident.
C. Kelly quoted Shakespeare in her essay about famous sonnets.
D. Walter wrote a persuasive essay about zero tolerance for athletes.

12. Bellwork
Which of the following scenarios would require the author to cite the information in his or her writing project? C. Kelly quoted Shakespeare in her essay about famous sonnets. Why? Duh, because she quoted from a work that was not her own.

13. Bellwork part 2 Copy the question and the correct answer.
Which of the following scenarios would not require the author to cite the source of his or her information?
A. Carol wrote a biography on the life of Anne Frank and included quotes from her diary.
B. Neil showed constellation charts from NASA to present his report about stars.
C. Scott used FDA statistics to write a persuasive essay on the dangers of fast food.
D. Margaret wrote an expository piece on how to ride English style on horseback.

14. Duh, because she’s writing from first-hand experience.
Bellwork part 2
Which of the following scenarios would not require the author to cite the source of his or her information?
D. Margaret wrote an expository piece on how to ride English style on horseback.
Why?
Duh, because she’s writing from first-hand experience.

15. Now
After we all listen and read the NPR article “Conn., N.Y. Governors Want Tighter Gun Control” by Jeff Cohen, let’s look at an example of a summary, a paraphrase, and a critique of the article.

16. Say, how would you cite this article on your works cited page?
Well, the format looks like this:
"Title of episode or segment." Title of program or series. Name of network. Broadcast date. Web. Date of access.
So, this report would be cited like this:
"Conn., N.Y. Governors Want Tighter Gun Control." Around the Nation. NPR. 10 Jan Web. 14 Jan

17. PLAGIARISM
IF YOU PLAGIARIZE, YOU WILL FAIL!!! …any time you take a writer’s words and use them as your own, you are plagiarizing
Properly completed source cards and note cards are the best way to organize your research and prevent plagiarism.

18. What goes on a source card?
The MLA citation for any source that is used the research process.
What could be considered a source?
And what is MLA citation look like?

19. What is a source? Books Movies Newspapers Magazines Poems Songs
Television Shows
Speeches
Short
Stories
Reports
Websites

20. What is MLA?
M L A
odern
anguage
ssociation

21. What does MLA citation look like?
For a book:
Lastname, Firstname. Title of Book. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication.
Example:
Sallis, James. Drive. New York: Mariner Books, Print.

22. MLA citation
Now, working in pairs, take a book from the classroom library and write a citation for it using the template below: Lastname, Firstname. Title of Book. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication.

23. MLA citation
Now, trade your citation and your book to a different pair of students, write your name on the bottom of their paper, and check the citation. Circle anything in their citation that is incorrect and pass it back to them to fix.

24. Let’s look at two examples.
1. 2.

25. Bellwork Copy the question and the correct answer.
Which of the following examples is the correct way to cite information within the text of a writing project?
A. (Homer p. 98) A barometer measures the barometric pressure in the atmosphere.
B. A barometer measures the barometric pressure in the atmosphere (Homer p.98).
C. A barometer measures the barometric pressure in the atmosphere. (Homer p 98)
D. A barometer measures the barometric pressure in the atmosphere (p. 98 Homer).

26. Bellwork
Copy the question and the correct answer.
Which of the following examples is the correct way to cite information within the text of a writing project?
B. A barometer measures the barometric pressure in the atmosphere (Homer p.98).
Why?
Because the parenthetical citation should include author’s last name, page number, and a period outside the parenthesis.

27. Bellwork part 2 Copy the question and the correct answer.
What type of information needs to be cited in a writing project?
A. only information that is directly quoted from an outside, published source
B. the information paraphrased, summarized, or quoted from a published outside source
C. only the information gathered from the books listed in the project's bibliography
D. only information gathered from famous philosophers and scientists

28. Bellwork part 2
Copy the question and the correct answer. What type of information needs to be cited in a writing project? B. the information paraphrased, summarized, or quoted from a published outside source

29. Bellwork
I need a volunteer to read an article from The New Yorker on reaction to Obama’s potential executive orders on gun control. As we listen and read, practice your skills of critique. What arguments are being presented and what are the flaws in each? Now, let’s watch a video from The Huffington Post on the same story.

30. Homework
Based on the approval of your research question, over the three day weekend, locate two reliable online sources on your research topic. They should be contrasting sources: one would represent your stance and the other would represent the opposing stance of your issue. Product due Tuesday: a direct quote, paraphrase, or summary of both articles/webpages WITH the complete URL of the site. You may simply print the articles/webpages and highlight or write them out on notebook paper.

31. MLA Citation
Article in a Newspaper or Magazine Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Periodical Day Month Year: pages. Medium of publication.

32. MLA Citation
Newspaper Example Brubaker, Bill. "New Health Center Targets County's Uninsured Patients." Washington Post 24 May 2007: G1. Print. Magazine Example Poniewozik, James. "TV Makes a Too-Close Call." Time 20 Nov. 2000: Print. What’s the only difference between the two? The page numbers in a newspaper include a letter, magazines typically do not. __
____

33. MLA Citation
Movie (on DVD) Movie Title. Dir. Firstname Lastname. Perf. Firstname Lastname, Firstname Lastname, and Firstname Lastname. Distributor, Year. DVD. What are these? Dir.- Director Perf.- Performers (Stars) Be sure to include these abbreviations in your citation. __
___

34. Where do you find all this information for a movie?

35. What do we need for our citation?
The Usual Suspects. Dir. Bryan Singer. Perf. Stephen Baldwin, Gabriel Byrne, Chazz Palminteri, Kevin Pollack, Pete Postlethwaite, Kevin Spacey. Polygram, DVD.
What do we need for our citation?

36. MLA Citation
Song (on CD) Musical Artist. “Song Title.” Album Title. Record Manufacturer, Release Year. CD. Example Lil Wayne. “Dr. Carter.” Tha Carter III. Cash Money Records, CD. What if you use the whole album as a source? Lil Wayne. Tha Carter III. Cash Money Records, CD. Just take out the song title.

37. So what goes on a source card?
The complete citation for the source.
Example:
Brubaker, Bill. "New Health Center Targets County's Uninsured Patients." Washington Post 24 May 2007: G1. Print.

38. What goes on a notecard?
During research a writer wants to compile a good supply of supporting facts and data; each one (in the form of a quote, summary, or paraphrase) should be correctly recorded on a notecard.
There are four pieces of information that must be included on each notecard.

39. 1. Card Topic Topic is the kind of information on the card.
Think of it as the title, or main idea of the card. After writing down the information, figure out how you could briefly categorize, or title it.

40. 2. Source Title
The source title is the name of the book, magazine, website, etc., in which you found the information.

41. 3. Notes
The information from that source on that page number on that topic that has been quoted, summarized, or paraphrased.

42. 4. page numbers
It is important to be accurate with the page numbers on your note cards, as you will need them for citations throughout your research paper.

43. Sample Note Cards
Organized by Card Topic