1. The Crusades and the Black Death

2. ESSENTIAL QUESTION
WHAT WERE THE CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF THE CRUSADES? CAN THE IMPACT OF THE CRUSADES STILL BE SEEN TODAY?

3. The Crusades
The Crusades were an attempt by the European Church to “reclaim the Holy Land”
Jerusalem had been conquered by Arabs around 640 AD
1095 Pope Urban calls for first Crusade

4. Crusades Christian knights captured parts of Palestine/Syria
7 crusades in all from including “Children’s Crusade”
Popes wanted to keep armies out of Europe and increase power

5. Crusades By 1291 Muslims recapture all lands in “Holy Land”
Crusades a failure-BUT- open Europe up to Middle East trading, new knowledge and technologies- Europeans go explore

6. THE BUBONIC PLAGUE

7. ESSENTIAL QUESTION
WHAT CAUSED THE PLAGUE?

8. The Plague “Black Death”
BUBONIC - The bacteria from flea bite invades lymph node -causes great swelling. Internal bleeding starts
Blood dries under the skin and turns black , hence the name "Black Death".

9. The Culprits

10. The Plague Enters Europe from Asia spread by rats
Caused 25 million deaths throughout Europe
Superstition/ Fear spread in Europe-Jews blamed

11. The Disease Cycle Human is infected!
Flea drinks rat blood that carries the bacteria.
Bacteria
multiply in
flea’s gut.
Human is infected!
Flea bites human and regurgitates blood into human wound.
Flea’s gut clogged with bacteria.

12. The Plague
Plague affected authority of Church-which did not have answers
Feudalism changed-workers so scarce could demand high wages
Population wouldn’t increase until 1400s

13. Lancing a Buboe

14. Medieval Art & the Plague

15. Boccaccio in The Decameron
The victims ate lunch with their friends and dinner with their ancestors.

16. Medieval Art & the Plague
Bring out your dead!

18. Attempts to Stop the Plague
“Leeching”
A Doctor’s Robe

19. The Mortality Rate
35% - 70%
25,000,000 dead !!!

21. Oregon Plague: Woman Contracted Disease From Cat
TODAY

22. The woman was bitten at the same time as Paul Gaylord, who made national headlines when he almost died from a version of the infection that killed millions in the Middle Ages.
Plague is a bacterial illness spread through the bite of infected fleas or through direct contact with an infected animal or person. The disease is now extremely rare. There are about seven cases a year in the U.S.
The two had found a stray cat in distress, choking on a mouse. They were bitten when they tried unsuccessfully to help the animal.
The 60-year-old Gaylord spent nearly a month on life support. The woman, identified only as a Gaylord family friend, was out of the area when she started showing symptoms, including fever, chills and pain in the lymph nodes. She was treated with antibiotics at a Portland hospital.
"We got to her just in time," said Karen Yeargain of the Crook County Health Department.
"If this hadn't happened, we would have had another critically ill person on our hands," she added.
Health officials suspected the woman had the plague, but it was not confirmed until lab results from the federal Centers for Disease Control came back last week, Yeargain said.