1. Green Hotel Concepts
September 2010

2. Our Offices

3. Our Services

4. Benchmarking

5. Benchmarking & Monitoring

6. How much energy do hotels use?
Hard to benchmark
Different metrics
Guestnights
Area
Serviced Area
Gross Internal Area (or Built Up Area)
Total Area (including balconies)
Big variance
Star Rating
Climate
Metrics used
Excludes corridors, plant rooms, etc
5 Star hotels & resorts in Abu Dhabi
Source: Energy Benchmarking study for Abu Dhabi Hotel Sector by Elie Gerges El Choufani (2010). Sponsored by Cundall.

7. Energy (kWh / m2 of serviced space)
Serviced Area = 300 kWh/m2
Gross Int Area = 275 kWh/m2
4-5 stars
280 to 320kWh/m2
3 stars
260 to 280kWh/m2
2 stars
240 to 270kWh/m2

8. UK Display Energy Certificate
Hotel Energy - UK
UK Display Energy Certificate
105kWh/m2 – electricity
330kWh/m2 – gas
435kWh/m2 – TYPICAL
4 hotels in 2008 DEC database of 28,000 buildings

9. Green Guidelines for Hotels
Cundall Role:
Green Building Guidelines for Abu Dhabi Tourism Authority (ADTA) for their new and existing hotels.
Our initial focus will be in the areas of water, energy and waste reduction for the existing 113 hotels in Abu Dhabi.

10. 5 star hotels in Abu Dhabi
Gross Internal Area
= 567 per m2 of net lettable area

11. Hotel Energy - Asia

12. Water (m3 per guest night)

13. Waste (kg per guest night)

14. Reducing Energy & Carbon

15. Reducing energy in hotels
People using buildings use energy
Expectations
Behaviour
Passive design
Where is energy consumed?
Light
Equipment
Air
Cooling
Heating – space & water
Renewables

16. Steps to low carbon design
Off site
Invest in off site renewables
Renewables
On-site renewables
biomass, solar, wind, micro-hydro
Gas CHP, geothermal
Heat Recovery
Air to air, waste heat from chillers
Aquifer Thermal Storage
Reducing energy consumption
Energy Efficiency
Heating, cooling & ventilation systems
Control strategy
Internal Loads
Lighting & Equipment (W/m2)
Controls – turn off
Passive Design
Form: daylight & natural ventilation
Fabric: insulation, facade, thermal mass
Design Criteria & Expectations
Comfort criteria, lighting levels,
fresh air quantity, shower flows

17. Thermal Comfort is 21 to 24ºC ?
Air Temperature & Humidity – only part of the issue
Comfort criteria = natural ventilation or air conditioning!

18. Facade influences energy
Light
Equipment
Air
Cooling
Heating

19. PassivHaus – minimise heating
Thermos Flask Building
Super insulation
Airtight
Winter heating
Mechanical vent with heat recovery
Tiny heating system
Summer cooling
Open the windows
Expensive but effective
PassivHaus
Uwindows = 0.8
Uwalls = 0.1
Uroof = 0.1
Permeability = 0.05ach

20. Secure Natural Ventilation
Double Glazing with
Interstitial blind. Window is openable.
Ventilation panel allows secure, bug free ventilation.
Example window system – Scandic Hotel, Sweden

21. High Tech Cooling: Ceiling Fans?

22. Green Hotel Concept

23. Hotel Room Concept Low Energy: Comfort + Air Quality
100% outside air heat recovery unit with heating coil
No mechanical cooling
Thermal mass to moderate temperatures
Ceiling fan for improved summer comfort
Passive Design
Shading to suit orientation
Openable window
Highly insulated & sealed facade
Uwalls = 0.22
Uwindow = 1.8
Air Tightness = 4m3/hr

24. Variation (modular bathroom pod)
Heating Hot Water circuit could supply chilled water for cooling.
Fresh Air Supply could be tempered in peak summer conditions

25. LEDs are improving
LED linear replacement lamps available today do not compete with linear T8 fluorescent lamps on the basis of light output, colour quality, distribution, lumen maintenance, or cost-effectiveness. Source: US Dept of Energy (2010)

26. Which controls would you prefer?
Simple?
Complicated?
OFF
Warmer
Cooling
Fresh Air Only
Cooler
Heating

27. Reduce hot water use Hot water = 25%+ of hotel energy consumption
Reduce water use:
8l/min showers
4l/min taps
Hoxton Hotel, London
Interesting towel sign
(heavy) rain shower

28. Guest education is important
Notice in bedroom – Scandic Hotel, Sweden

29. Renewables

30. Renewable Heat Solar Hot Water Biomass Boiler Heat Pump
(air or ground source)

31. Solar Hot Water
Hampton by Hilton, Brasov

32. Vatra Dornei Hotel Ground Source Heat Pump plus Biomass Boiler
(+ Solar Thermal for DHW & swimming pool)

33. Renewable Electricity
Photovoltaic
Panels
Wind
Turbines
Biofuel Combined Heat & Power (CHP)

34. Steps to low carbon design
Off site
Invest in off site renewables
Renewables
On-site renewables
biomass, solar, wind, micro-hydro
Gas CHP, geothermal
Heat Recovery
Air to air, waste heat from chillers
Aquifer Thermal Storage
Reducing energy consumption
Energy Efficiency
Heating, cooling & ventilation systems
Control strategy
Internal Loads
Lighting & Equipment (W/m2)
Controls – turn off
Passive Design
Form: daylight & natural ventilation
Fabric: insulation, facade, thermal mass
Design Criteria & Expectations
Comfort criteria, lighting levels,
fresh air quantity, shower flows

35. David Clark d.clark@cundall.com 18-20 Louis Blanc Ground Floor
Sector 1,
Bucharest
Tel
Str. I.P Voitesti nr 1-3/ 54
400153
Cluj Napoca
Tel