1. QUALITY AND TECHNOLOGY
quality of the
electrical energy

2. COMPENSATORS A NEW CONCEPT IN HARMONIC FILTERING HARMONIC PROBLEMS
POLYLUX has developed a series of electromagnetic filters for the elimination of harmonics named ‘Compensators’. These equipments are based on the cancellation and compensation of magnetic fluxes
COMPENSATORS
A NEW CONCEPT
IN HARMONIC
FILTERING
The main advantage of the Compensator is the absence of electronic components and capacitors. The Compensators are therefore maintenance free, have an extremely long lifetime compared with other types of filters and are compatible with any electrical installation

3. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN OFFICE BUILDINGS
Computer equipment in office buildings generate elevated levels of harmonics which cause important problems in the electrical installation
3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th
3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th L1 L2 L3 N
Distribution
panel
3rd, 9th
UPS
Computer equipment
The triplen harmonics (3rd, 9th...) are especially harmful as these sum in the neutral conductor and generate a high neutral current causing serious failures and damages in the installation
Phase current Neutral current

4. Why such a high neutral current?
HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN OFFICE BUILDINGS
Distribution
panel
Computer equipment
3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th
3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th
UPS L1 L2 L3 N
3rd, 9th
Why such a high neutral current?
Phase Currents
The neutral current is the sum of all phase currents L1+L2+L3
There is a 120º phase shift between fundamental currents, the sum in the neutral is therefore practically zero in a balanced system
Neutral Current
There is no phase shift between the 3rd harmonic currents therefore in the neutral you get the sum of all 3rd harmonic currents
Neutral current can be higher than the phase current. For example, having fundamental 100A and 3rd harmonic 60A in each phase, you will have 180A 3rd harmonic in the neutral

5. PROBLEMS CAUSES HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN OFFICE BUILDINGS
Malfunctioning and failure in computer equipment
Overheating of neutral conductors
Low efficiency and overheating of UPS, transformers and cables of the installation
Tripping of protections without apparent reason
Interferences in communication networks
Incremented power consumption
Low quality electrical energy. Elevated harmonic voltage distortion
Elevated neutral – earth voltage
High harmonic distortion in the current
Excessive levels of 3rd and 9th harmonics in the neutral conductor
Elevated true RMS current in the phases
Low power factor due to harmonics
Elevated losses in the electrical installation

6. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN OFFICE BUILDINGS
HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN OFFICE BUILINGS
COMPENSATOR C10D + C20D
Elimination of the
3rd, 9th, 15th
harmonic
The C20D Compensator provides a very good cost-filtering relation. It gives a strong reduction of the triplen harmonics and eliminates the overload in the neutral conductor and the high neutral – earth voltage
Distribution
panel
5th, 7th
3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 15th L1 L2 L3 N
Impedance
Adapter C10D
UPS
3rd, 9th, 15th
Computer equipment
The C20D Compensator has to be installed with the C10D Impedance Adapter to obtain the most optimised filtering
PATENT
PENDING
Compensator C20D
Phase current Neutral current

7. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN OFFICE BUILDINGS
COMPENSATOR C10D + C20D
Elimination of the
3rd, 9th, 15th
harmonic
FILTERING RESULTS:
Reduction of the neutral current and neutral – earth voltage up to
75%
Reduction of phase currents up to
15%
Reduction of voltage and current distortion up to
45%
Obtain power factor up to
0,80

8. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN OFFICE BUILDINGS
HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN OFFICE BUILINGS
COMPENSATOR C10D+C20D AND C22D+C10D
Elimination of harmonic
3, 5, 7, 9, 15, 17, 19
The C22D Compensator offers elevated filtering of the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 15th, 17th, 19th harmonics, solving all problems caused by harmonics. The C22D+C10D is used in combination with the C20D + C10D, each of these supplies 50% of the load to be filtered
Impedance
Adapter C10D
Compensator C22D
3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 15th
-5th, -7th
UPS L1 L2 L3 N
Distribution
panel
Computer equip.
50% load
Impedance
Adapter C10D
3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 15th
5th, 7th
The C20D and C22D have to be installed with C10D Impedance Adapters for optimised filtering
Computer equip.
50% load
Phase current Neutral current
Compensator
C20D

9. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN OFFICE BUILDINGS
COMPENSATOR C10D+C20D AND C22D
Elimination
of harmonic
3, 5, 7, 9, 15, 17, 19
FILTERING RESULTS:
Reduction of the neutral current and neutral – earth voltage up to
80%
Reduction of phase currents up to
40%
Reduction of voltage and current distortion up to
75%
Obtain power factor up to
0,95

10. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN OFFICE BUILDINGS
COMPENSATOR C25D
Elimination of the
3rd, 9th, 15th
harmonic
The C25D Compensator is totally eliminating the triplen harmonics (3rd, 9th, 15th), avoiding any type of overload in the neutral as well as a high neutral-earth voltage produced by harmonics
Distribution
panel
5th, 7th
3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 15th L1 L2 L3 N
Compensator C25D
UPS
WITH GALVANIC
ISOLATION
Computer equipment
Thanks to its galvanic isolation, the C25D Compensator represents the ideal solution in case of a high level of 3rd harmonic voltage. Additional advantages are: reduction of the electromagnetic disturbances coming from the supply network, optional voltage adaptation and the possibility to use independent earths as the neutral is isolated from the mains
Phase current Neutral current

11. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN OFFICE BUILDINGS
COMPENSATOR C25D
Elimination of the
3rd, 9th, 15th
harmonic
FILTERING RESULTS:
Reduction of the neutral current and neutral – earth voltage up to
90%
Reduction of phase currents up to
15%
Reduction of current distortion up to
45%
Reduction of voltage distortion up to
40%
Obtain power factor up to
0,80

12. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN OFFICE BUILDINGS
COMPENSATOR C25D + C25D-180º
Elimination of
harmonic
3, 5, 7, 9, 15, 17, 19
The C25D Compensator is available in two versions offering different phase shifts (0º and 180º) for the 5th and 7th harmonic. By combining both versions, elimination of the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 15th 17th and 19th is obtained
WITH GALVANIC
ISOLATION
3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 15th, 17th, 19th
5th, 7th, 17th, 19th
UPS
Distribution
panel
Compensator C25D L1 L2 L3 N
Computer equipment
50% load
Distribution
panel
3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 15th, 17th, 19th
-5th, -7th, -17th, -19th
Distribution
panel
Compensator C25D-180º
Phase current Neutral current
Computer equipment
50% load

13. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN OFFICE BUILDINGS
COMPENSATOR C25D + C25D-180º
Elimination of
harmonic
3, 5, 7, 9, 15, 17, 19
FILTERING RESULTS:
Reduction of the neutral current and neutral – earth voltage up to
90%
Reduction of phase currents up to
45%
Reduction of voltage and current distortion up to
85%
Obtain power factor up to
0,96

14. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN OFFICE BUILDINGS
HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN OFFICE BUILINGS
COMPENSATOR C30D
Elimination of harmonic
3, 5, 7, 9, 15, 17, 19
The C30D Compensator achieves the highest filtering level. It eliminates the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 15th, 17th and 19th harmonic and provides additional advantages like: reduction of electromagnetic disturbances, optional voltage adaptation and the use of independent earths
3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 15th, 17th, 19th
UPS
Distribution
panel L1 L2 L3 N
Compensator C30D
Computer equipment
50% load
3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 15th, 17th, 19th
Distribution
panel
WITH GALVANIC
ISOLATION
Phase current Neutral current
Computer equipment
50% load

15. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN OFFICE BUILDINGS
COMPENSATOR C30D
Elimination of harmonic
3, 5, 7, 9, 15, 17, 19
FILTERING RESULTS:
Reduction of the neutral current and neutral – earth voltage up to
90%
Reduction of phase currents up to
45%
Reduction of voltage and current distortion up to
85%
Obtain power factor up to
0,96

16. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN INDUSTRY
Frequency converters and variable speed drives which are usual in today’s industrial installations generate harmonic currents that reduce the quality of the electrical energy
5th, 7th, 11th, 13th
5th, 7th, 11th, 13th
Frequency converter
Motor
5th, 7th, 11th, 13th
Frequency converter
Motor
Transformer
Capacitor
bank
Motor
PLC
Computer
The frequency converters generate mainly 5th and 7th harmonic currents as well as voltage notches and transients (spikes).
Voltage Current

17. PROBLEMS CAUSES HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN INDUSTRY
Malfunctioning and failure in electronic equipment
Overheating and failure in transformers and cables
Overload and failure in capacitor banks
Low efficiency of transformers and cables
Tripping of protections without apparent reason
Overload and failure in motors
Interferences in communication networks
Low quality electrical energy. Elevated harmonic voltage distortion
Notches and transients in the voltage caused by power converters
Elevated harmonic distortion in the current
Resonance in capacitor banks
Elevated true RMS current in the phases
Low power factor due to harmonics

18. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN INDUSTRY
RTL LINE INDUCTORS
Reduction of harmonic
5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19
The RTL line inductors provide the most optimised cost-filtering relation of all harmonic filtering solutions available in the market. It features a very significant filtering of the whole harmonic spectrum
5th, 7th, 11th, 13th
5th, 7th, 11th, 13th
RTL line
inductor
Frequency
converter
Motor
5th, 7th, 11th, 13th
Transformer
Frequency
converter
Capacitor
bank
RTL line
inductor
Motor
Motor
PLC
Computer
Additionally it eliminates the notches and transients generated by the power converters avoiding mal-functioning and failure in electronic devices
Voltage Current

19. 30% 60% 0,93 Reduction of phase currents up to
HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN INDUSTRY
LINE INDUCTOR RTL
Reduction of harmonic
5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19
FILTERING RESULTS:
Reduction of phase currents up to
30%
Reduction of voltage and current distortion up to
60%
Obtain power factor up to
0,93

20. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN INDUSTRY
COMPENSATOR C10F
Elimination of harmonic
5, 7, 17, 19
The C10F Compensator is used in case a high filtering level is requested. The C10F is installed in such a way that it supplies 50% of the load to be filtered while the other 50% is supplied directly
5th, 7th, 17th, 19th
50% load
-(5th, 7th, 17th, 19th)
Compensator
C10F
5th, 7th, 17th, 19th
5th, 7th, 17th, 19th
Transformer
Capacitor
bank
50% load
PLC
Computer
For optimised filtering and elimination of voltage notches, RTL line inductors should be installed as well, especially for power converters above 5 kW
PATENT
PENDING
Voltage Current

21. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN INDUSTRY
COMPENSATOR C10F
Elimination of harmonic
5, 7, 17, 19
FILTERING RESULTS:
C10F
C10F + RTL
Reduction of phase currents up to
20%
35%
Reduction of voltage and current distortion up to
60%
85%
Obtain power factor up to
0,95
0,98

22. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN INDUSTRY
COMPENSATOR C20F
Elimination of harmonic
5, 7, 17, 19
The C20F Compensator achieves the highest protection level for industrial installations, featuring a high filtering level and galvanic isolation of the load. The C20F has two outputs, each supplying 50% of the load
5th, 7th, 17th, 19th
50% load
5th, 7th, 17th, 19th
Transformer
Compensator
C20F
Capacitor
bank
WITH GALVANIC
ISOLATION
50% load
PLC
Computer
For optimised filtering and elimination of voltage notches, RTL line inductors should be installed as well, especially for power converters above 5 kW
Voltage Current

23. HARMONIC PROBLEMS IN INDUSTRY
COMPENSATOR C20F
Elimination of harmonic
5, 7, 17, 19
FILTERING RESULTS:
C20F
C20F + RTL
Reduction of phase currents up to
20%
35%
Reduction of voltage and current distortion up to
60%
85%
Obtain power factor up to
0,95
0,98

24. High level of harmonic filtering Economic
COMPENSATORS
The Advantages
High level of harmonic filtering
Economic
No electronics or capacitors, therefore maintenance free and an extremely long lifetime
No generation of high frequency distortions
Easy selection, no exhaustive study of the installation is necessary

25. Compensators election
HARMONIC FILTERING
QUICK SELECTION GUIDE
Galvanic isolation?
Compensators election
Combination with RTLX
Installation
Harmonics
C25D-180
C25D-0
3rd 9th 15th…
YES NO NO
C10D + C20D
C30D
C25D-0+C25D-180
3rd 5th 7th 9th …
YES
C10D+C20D + C10D+C22D NO
YES
5th 7th 17th…
YES
C20F NO
C10F
Note: For filtering of the 5th and 7th harmonics, the load should be divided in two groups (see application guides)