1. FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH

2. What is Functional English
Functional English is usage of the English language required to perform a specific function.
A good command of English is often required for academic and career progression.

3. Functional English Equips One to Conduct Oneself in various situations like …
Greeting Friends, elders, superiors, strangers
Introducing self & others
Making Telephone calls or answering them
Asking for or giving information
Asking for things in shops, counters & restaurants
Describing things, people, places or processes
Expressing opinions or reactions to programmes, plays, books or films

4. Functional English is used in various situations like…
Participating in discussions & debates
Giving or receiving Instructions
Narrating anecdotes, stories & discussing them
Carry on sustained conversation with friends or strangers
Giving a report of an event

5. Features of Functional English
Functional English is related to spoken form
Spoken language is less structured, a little loose,
We don’t have to be sticklers for too correct grammar
Spoken language is more informal, more spontaneous like yeah for yes
Speaking is processed in real time
Speaking depends on intonation, stress, facial expression, body language, speed of delivery

6. Objectives:
To be able to speak in various situations by learning and practicing necessary
Expressions,
Structures of sentences etc.
To achieve the ability to respond quickly and accurately in speech situations 
To learn sufficient vocabulary to use with grammar patterns. 

7. Accuracy in both pronunciation and grammar
Objectives :
A practical command of the four skills of the language with special emphasis on ORAL skill. 
Accuracy in both pronunciation and grammar 
Automatic control of basic structures and sentence patterns.   

8. Learning Techniques and Activities
Dialogues
Role plays 
A situational presentation of new sentence patterns. 
Drills to practice the patterns. 

9. 3 Things a Speaker needs to keep in mind
1. Why am I speaking? (Purpose)
For Ex: Am I requesting?
Am I complaining?
2. Who am I speaking to?
For Ex: A stranger, a friend, a superior
2. The setting
For Ex: Is it a formal or informal setting?
Office or at home

10. For Interactional Function, a Speaker needs…
Use of correct sounds (pronunciation, intonation & stress)
Use of correct structures (syntax)
Acceptable degree of fluency (vocabulary & grammar)
Transactional & interpersonal skills
Taking short & long turns while speaking
Management of interaction
Negotiating Meaning
Listening skills
Using formulaic language (stock sentences)
Wow, that’s a great outfit you are wearing,
Oh! Really….
That’s too bad. / Sad….

11. Things that matter while conversing
Clarity
Voice modulation
Facial Expression
Body language
Positioning
Speed of delivery

12. Conversational Skills
In a conversation, a speaker needs to know
When to initiate a conversation,
How to maintain a conversation,
How to close the conversation

13. Initiating a conversation
What do we do for Initiating a conversation?
Greetings
Introductions
Attention getting
Acknowledging presence

14. Example Anusha: Hello Nalini, How are you?
Nalini: Am good, how are you?
Anusha: Fine
Nalini: And how’s you project coming along?
Anusha: It’s progressing well, thanks. Hey look, there’s Deepak. Deepak, hi, how are things?
Deepak: Things are just great, oh hello, Anusha. Haven’t seen you for ages, where have you been?
Anusha: Was out of station the whole of last week. Went to attend my cousins wedding,
Deepak: I see.

15. What do we do to maintain a conversation?
Asking questions?
Responding
Giving Information
Explaining
Encouraging

16. Maintaining a Conversation
An Example:
Kishore: Ramesh! How nice to hear from you. Have you had a good holiday?
Ramesh: Had a wonderful time. I went away actually
Kishore: Oh, did you? Where?
Ramesh: Guntur
Kishore: How nice!
Ramesh: We went to see my parents
Kishore: Really, where do they live in Guntur?
Ramesh: In a small village near Guntur actually, it’s a place called Vadlamudi.

17. What do we do to close a Conversation?
Announcing departure
Reason
Thanking
Apologies
Saying goodbye

18. Closing a Conversation
An Example:
Anusha: Gosh! It’s almost eleven, I really must go.
Nalini: Are you sure, you don’t want to join me for lunch?
Anusha: I have a meeting with my team at 12.
Nalini: Well, it has been nice talking to you, that too after such along time. We hardly meet these days. Anyways keep in touch
Anusha: I sure will. Sorry to rush off like this. Bye
Nalini : Bye

19. Stock Expressions Expressions of politeness: If it is not inconvenient
If you don’t mind
I don’t know if you will agree with me
I would be happy.
Some polite question forms:
Would you mind…?
Would you mind helping…?
Would you like to have…?
Could I speak to …please?

20. Stock Expressions
Suggestion : Would you like me to get you the newspaper?
Request : Could you open the window please?
Offering Help : Would you like me to carry your bag?
Inviting : Would you like to join us for tea this evening?
Permission : May I use your phone?
Excuse me sir, would you mind if I came an hour late…
Apologizing : I am extremely sorry for my assistant’s behavior
Complaining : I am sorry to bring to your notice…
I am afraid the machine is faulty…
Agreeing : Yes, I can see your point of view…
Disagreeing : Well, I don’t quite see it that way…
Taking the initiative : May I suggest…
                              How about…

21. Introducing People What's your name? Who are you? My name is ...
I am ...
My friends call me ...
You can call me ...
Haven't we met (before)?
Yes, I think we have.
No, I don't think we have. I think we've already met.
I don't think we've met (before).
This is ...
Meet ...
Have you met ...?
Yes, I have.
No, I haven't.
Yes, I think I have.
No, I don't think I have.
Hello, ... (name)
Nice to meet you. (informal)
Pleased to meet you.
How do you do? (formal)
Nice to see you.
Nice to see you again.

22. Say Goodbye Good bye. Bye. / See you. See you later. See you soon.
See you tomorrow.
See you next week.
Good night.

23. Health How are you? How are you today? Fine, thank you/thanks.
Not too bad.
Very well.
I'm okay / all right.
Not too well, actually.
What's wrong with you?
What's the matter with you?
Are you all right?
I'm tired .
I'm exhausted .
I've got a cold.  

24. Stating your Opinion It seems to me that ... In my opinion, ...
I am of the opinion that .../ I take the view that ..
My personal view is that ...
In my experience ...
As far as I understand / can see, ...
As I see it, ... / From my point of view ...
As far as I know ... / From what I know ...
I might be wrong but ...
If I am not mistaken ...
I believe one can (safely) say ...
It is claimed that ...
I must admit that ...
I cannot deny that ...
I can imagine that ...
I think/believe/suppose ...
Personally, I think ...
That is why I think ...
I am sure/certain/convinced that ...
I am not sure/certain, but ...
I am not sure, because I don't know the situation exactly.
I am not convinced that ...
I have read that ...
I am of mixed opinions (about / on) ...
I am of mixed opinions about / on this.
I have no opinion in this matter.

25. Outlining Facts The fact is that The (main) point is that ...
This proves that ...
What it comes down to is that ...
It is obvious that ...
It is certain that ...
One can say that ...
It is clear that ...
There is no doubt that ...

26. Expression of Agreement
There are many reasons for ...
There is no doubt about it that ...
I simply must agree to that.
I am of the same opinion.
I am of the same opinion as the author.
I completely/absolutely agree with the author.

27. Qualified Disagreement
It is only partly true that...
I can agree to that only with reservations.
That seems obvious, but ...
That is not necessarily so.
It is not as simple as it seems.
Under certain circumstances ...

28. Disagreement There is more to it than that. The problem is that ...
I (very much) doubt whether ...
This is in complete contradiction to ...
What is even worse, ...
I am of a different opinion because ...
I cannot share this / that / the view.
I cannot to with this idea.
What I object to is ...
Unlike the author I think ...

29. Linking Arguments That is why ... First of all, I think ...
After all, ...
The reason is that ...
In that respect ...
The result of this is that ...
Another aspect/point is that ...
It is because ...
Although it is true that ... it would be wrong to claim that ...
That may sometimes be true, but ...
One could argue that ..., but ...
On the one hand, ... On the other hand, ...
First of all, I think ...
Not only that, but I also think that ...
Not only are they ..., they are also ...
They are not ..., nor are they ...
There are various/several/many reasons for this.
First, ... / Firstly, ...
Second, ... / Secondly, ...
Moreover, ... / Furthermore, ... / In addition, ...
Another significant point is that ...
Finally, ...

30. Providing Examples Take for example (the case of) ... Look at ...
For instance ... / For example ...
Let me give you an example.

31. Additions and Conclusion
Most probably ...
It appears to be ...
It is important to mention that...
As I already indicated ...
In other words, ...
I am most concerned about ...
I should like to repeat once again that ...
I should like to emphasise that ...
I would (just) like to add ...
So all in all I believe that...
(In) summing up it can be said that ...
Weighing the pros and cons, I come to the conclusion that ...  

32. Conjunctions but / still / however especially / mainly / particularly
before
as / because / since
so that
then / after that
that's why / so
either ... or
after all
after
of course
though / although / even though or
as soon as
as long as
finally / eventually
in spite of / even so / all the same
perhaps ...
above all
neither ... nor
because
first of all
for example / for instance

33. Weather What's the weather like today?
What will the weather be like tomorrow?
Nice day today, isn't it?
What awful weather!
What a lovely day!
It's raining.
It's snowing.
It's …
Tomorrow it will be …
sunny
cloudy
overcast
foggy
stormy
windy
cold
warm
hot
Yesterday it was …

34. Learning Outcomes
Should be able to initiate, sustain & effectively terminate a conversation
Should be able to persuade & convince other’s with your point of view
Should narrate & make a factual oral report of an incident
Should be able to conceptualize & speak of hypothetical scenarios.

35. Class Assignment on Dialogue Writing/Role Play To be done in the class after Faculty Presentation on Functional English

36. Exercise -1
You are Suresh. You are going to a new town to appear for an interview. You have never been there but you have a friend Ram who lives there. Use the information given below to construct a dialogue between your friend and you. Make three more sets of exchanges.
The first one has been done as an example. best way to reach the place — where to stay — any interesting places to visit
Suresh : Hello, am I speaking to Ram ? This is Suresh calling.
Ram : What a pleasant surprise ! After such a long time !

37. Exercise -2
You have been given an opportunity of interviewing Sachin Tendulkar, the cricket
icon of today. You are impressed with his progress from a middle class background to a status of high renown. You want to know about his childhood struggles, how he took to cricket, his parental support, his inspiration, his plans for the future etc. Frame eight questions that you would like to ask him.

38. Thank Q