1. GROWING TENSIONS
Texas History, Ch. 8

2. 1820s TEXAS SETTLEMENTS Resulted in major changes in trade
Texas’ economy was closely tied to the economy of the United States, since most immigrants to Texas came from there.

3. HADEN EDWARDS
Haden Edwards was awarded contract in East Texas, near Nacogdoches
Edwards found that settlers were already living on his lands.

4. HADEN EDWARDS
Mexican political chief Jose Antonio Saucedo sympathized with the settlers
He told Edwards that he could not charge the settlers for new land titles

5. REPUBLIC OF FREDONIA
Edwards’ brother, Benjamin, and a small group of settlers took over the Old Stone Fort in Nacogdoches
They proclaimed themselves an independent country from Mexico.

6. REPUBLIC OF FREDONIA
Mexican soldiers were sent to put down the revolt. Most Fredonians fled into the United States.

7. OLD STONE FORT
Nacogdoches was the site of the 1st clash between colonists and Mexican authorities.

8. Investigation into Revolt
Mier y Teran and 200 Mexican soldiers were sent to Nacogdoches to prevent new uprisings.
He observed that the U.S. influence was strong, Anglo American settlers outnumbered Mexican settlers

9. NEW LAWS
In 1829, the president of Mexico issued a decree, or order, abolishing slavery in Mexico and Texas.
Texans wanted to be exempt, or excused, from this decree.
Law never put into effect, but raised fears among Anglo-American slaveholders.

10. LAW OF APRIL 6, 1830 New forts created
Custom duties were placed on American goods
Empresario contracts were suspended
Immigration from Mexico continued into Texas

11. LAW OF APRIL 6, 1830
Ended all immigration from the United States

12. ANAHUAC Port and Mexican garrison that controlled commerce into Mexico
Commanded by John Davis Bradburn

13. ANAHUAC
Bradburn was unpopular with the settlers; he arrested Travis and Jack for interfering with tax collection.
Settlers fought back
Jose’ Piedras, commander of Nacogdoches garrison, sided with settlers and removed Bradburn from command.

14. BATTLE OF VELASCO
John Austin traveled to get a cannon to fight against Bradburn at Anahuac
Mexican troops under Col. Ugartechea would not let Austin and his men pass at Velasco because he thought Austin was a rebel.
The two groups fought; Ugartechea and his troops surrendered

15. TURTLE BAYOU RESOLUTIONS
While waiting for John Austin’s return, colonists adopted a resolution declaring their loyalty to Mexico.

16. MEXICAN REVOLUTION
Santa Anna was popular with the colonists because he supported the Constitution of 1824, favored by the Texans.
Santa Anna declared he was a Federalist.

17. CONVENTIONS OF 1832, 1833
Delegates met at San Felipe; resolved that Texas become a separate Mexican state
Prepared a constitution for the proposed state

18. CONVENTIONS OF 1832, 1833
Austin traveled to Mexico City to meet with Santa Anna.
Santa Anna agreed to repeal the law restricting immigration from the United States

19. AUSTIN IS ARRESTED
Austin spent a year in jail in Mexico City
Cos claimed Santa Anna now rejected the Constitution of 1824.
On his return to Texas, Austin was arrested in Saltillo for a letter he had written

20. MARTIN DE COS Commander of Mexican forces in Coahuila
Brother-in-law of Santa Anna
Angry with Texas colonists over new fighting at Anahuac.
Would not accept apology from colonists; wanted to arrest Texas leaders

21. CONSULTATION OF 1835
Texas colonists concerned about the situation and called for a convention at Washington-On-The-Brazos.

22. WASHINGTON-ON-THE-BRAZOS

23. Peace Party vs. War Party
Stephen F. Austin returned from Mexico and told delegates to prepare for war.
“War is our only resource.”

24. TEXAS in 1835
He approved the Consultation because he thought Santa Anna was becoming a dictator.
Dictator: ruler with absolute power

25. REVIEW QUESTION Where was the Consultation of 1835 held? Mexico City
Washington-on-the-Brazos
San Felipe

26. Washington-On-The-Brazos
answer
Washington-On-The-Brazos

27. REVIEW QUESTION Who said, “War is our only resource!”?
William B. Travis
Stephen F. Austin
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

28. answer
Stephen F. Austin

29. REVIEW QUESTION Why did Stephen F. Austin approve the Consultation?
He thought he would be imprisoned
War would not solve any problems
Santa Anna was becoming a dictator

30. He thought Santa Anna was becoming a dictator.
answer
He thought Santa Anna was becoming a dictator.

31. REVIEW QUESTION
The opening of Texas to settlement in 1820s Texas resulted in what?
Major changes in trade
War with Spain
War with Mexico

32. answer
Major changes in trade

33. REVIEW QUESTION
With which country’s economy was Texas most closely tied?
United States
France
Spain

34. answer
The United States

35. REVIEW QUESTION
All were some of the changes made from the April 6, 1830 law, EXCEPT?
New forts were built
Immigration from Mexico ended
Empressario contracts were suspended

36. Immigration from Mexico ended
answer
Immigration from Mexico ended

37. REVIEW QUESTION Who was Martin de Cos?
Representative to the Coahuila y Tejas legislature
Commander of Mexican forces in Coahuila
Governor of Mexico

38. Commander of Mexican forces in Coahuila
answer
Commander of Mexican forces in Coahuila

39. REVIEW QUESTION
Why was Santa Anna initially popular with the Texas colonists?
He declared himself a Centralist
He declared himself a Republican
He declared himself a Federalist

40. answer Santa Anna declared he was a Federalist.
And, he supported the Mexican Constitution of 1824, favored by the Texans.

41. REVIEW QUESTION What did the 1829 decree do?
Ended immigration to Texas
Ended slavery in Mexico, but not in Texas
Ended slavery in both Mexico and Texas

42. It abolished slavery in Mexico, but not in Texas
answer
It abolished slavery in Mexico, but not in Texas

43. REVIEW QUESTION
What did Empressario Haden Edwards find upon his arrival in Nacogdoches in East Texas?
A Native American village
A fertile wilderness
People already living on the land

44. People were already living on the land.
answer
People were already living on the land.

45. REVIEW QUESTION
Where was the site of the 1st clash between Texas colonists and Mexican troops?
Nacogdoches
Republic of Fredonia
Washington-on-the-Brazos

46. The Old Stone Fort at Nacogdoches.
answer
The Old Stone Fort at Nacogdoches.

47. REVIEW QUESTION
What was the name of the independent country proclaimed by Benjamin Edwards?
San Felipe
Nacogdoches
Republic of Fredonia

48. The Republic of Fredonia
answer
The Republic of Fredonia

49. REVIEW QUESTION What were the Turtle Bay Resolutions?
Document that Santa Anna promised to support
Constitution for the proposed Mexican state of Texas
Statements in which colonists declared loyalty to Mexico

50. Statements in which colonists declared loyalty to Mexico
answer
Statements in which colonists declared loyalty to Mexico

51. REVIEW QUESTION
After Mier y Teran and 200 Mexican soldiers put down the revolt at Fredonia, what did he observe?
Anglo American influence was strong
Settlers were mostly Catholic
Settlers owned no slaves

52. Teran observed that the Anglo-America influence was strong.
answer
Teran observed that the Anglo-America influence was strong.

53. REVIEW QUESTION
Why did Ugartechea try to arrest John Austin at the Battle of Velasco?
Austin refused to pay customs duties
Ugartechea thought Austin was a rebel
There was a warrant for Austin’s arrest

54. Ugartechea thought Austin was a rebel.
answer
Ugartechea thought Austin was a rebel.

55. REVIEW QUESTION
Where were the conventions of 1832 and 1833 held? What was resolved in 1833?
San Felipe; to declare Texas a separate Mexican state
Washington-on-the-Brazos; to end Mexican rule in Texas
Nacogdoches; to accept the Mexican constitution

56. San Felipe; to declare Texas a separate Mexican state
answer
San Felipe; to declare Texas a separate Mexican state

57. REVIEW QUESTION What is an order that has the force of law? Rule
Constitution
Decree

58. answer
Decree

59. REVIEW QUESTION Where was Stephen F. Austin imprisoned? Mexico City
Coahuila
Saltillo

60. answer
Mexico City

61. REVIEW QUESTION What document did Santa Anna promise to support?
Law of April 6, 1830
Turtle Bayou Resolutions
Mexican Constitution of 1824

62. Mexican Constitution of 1824
answer
Mexican Constitution of 1824

63. TEXAS HISTORY CHAPTER 8:
Good luck on the test!