1. Quiz 3 Chapters 9, 10, 11

2. 1. Tolerance and withdrawal are the hallmarks of substance
dependence.
consumption.
abuse.
use.
a. dependence.

3. 2. Avery has been snorting cocaine for over a year
2. Avery has been snorting cocaine for over a year. In his attempts to achieve a high that is as euphoric as his first (which he will never be able to do), he now needs increasingly greater amounts of the drug. This demonstrates:
physical dependence.
withdrawl.
tolerance.
addiction.
c. tolerance.

4. 3. Dwayne has been using heroin for two years
3. Dwayne has been using heroin for two years. While visiting his mother, he decides to stop. When he stops using the drug, Dwayne experience shaking, irritability, and an inability to concentrate because he is going through
psychological dependence.
tolerance.
addiction.
withdrawal.
d. withdrawal

5. 4. Which of the following is not one of the categories of substances that cause substance-related disorders?
Depressants
Stimulants
Hormones
Hallucinogens
c. Hormones

6. 5. Sally is dependent on a drug that energizes her central nervous system and produces euphoria. It is likely that the drug is a
depressant.
stimulant.
hallucinogen.
painkiller.
b. stimulant.

7. 6. Codeine, heroin, and morphine are all _____ derived from the _____.
stimulants; cannabis plant
stimulants; coca plant
narcotics; opium plant
hallucinogens; marijuana plant
c. narcotics; opium plant

8. 7. Dr. Wold cautions his class about amphetamine use
7. Dr. Wold cautions his class about amphetamine use. He says, “They speed up central nervous system activity, which can account for users’ increased alertness, energy, and feelings of euphoria. They also increase appetite and sleep. However, they may be physically addictive and quickly produce tolerance.” Which part of Dr. Wold’s statement is not accurate?
They speed up central nervous system activity.
Their use increases alertness, energy, and feelings of euphoria.
Their use increases appetite and sleep.
They may be physically addictive and quickly produce tolerance.
c. Their use increases appetite and sleep.

9. 8. Which statement concerning crack cocaine is accurate?
It is snorted through the nose.
It produces a slower but more pleasant euphoria than regular cocaine.
It is a form of cocaine that does not produce tolerance or withdrawal.
It is a more potent form of cocaine that is smoked.
d. It is a more potent form of cocaine that is smoked.

10. 9. Mrs. Kowalski has cancer and glaucoma
9. Mrs. Kowalski has cancer and glaucoma. To reliever her symptoms, she uses an illegal drug that she gets from her 18-year-old grandson. The drug is most likely
phencyclidine.
heroin.
crack cocaine.
marijuana.
d. marijuana.

11. 10. Stephanie met Sam at a rave
10. Stephanie met Sam at a rave. As they were talking, Sam put a drug into Stephanie’s drink when she turned her head to talk to a friend. When she woke up the next morning, she found herself in bed with Sam and learned he had raped her the night before, although she had no memory of the assault. It is most likely that the drug Sam put into Stephanie’s drink was
Ecstasy.
MDMA.
Rohypnol.
LSD.
c. Rohypnol.

12. 11. The most recent and complex approach to substance-related disorders
Separates the psychological factors that begin the dependency process from the biological factors that maintain it.
Recognizes that biological factors play a much less important role than sociocultural factors.
Emphasizes the fact that they involve biological dependence.
Assumes that physical and psychological factors interact throughout the development and maintenance of problems.
d. Assumes that physical and psychological factors interact throughout the development and maintenance of problems.

13. 12. Nathan (1988) concluded that only two personality characteristics are associated with alcohol problems:
depression and antisocial behavior.
anxiety and inhibition.
sexuality and aggression.
extraversion and hostility.
a. Depression and antisocial behavior.

14. 13. Marlon is physically dependent on heroin
13. Marlon is physically dependent on heroin. If he stops using the drug, he may
Experience withdrawal like a bad case of the flu.
Go right back to using again because of the bodily need for the drug.
Have a potentially deadly withdrawal unless supervised by a doctor.
Find that Antabuse makes the withdrawal symptoms much easier to take.
a. Experience withdrawal like a bad case of the flu.

15. 14. Which statement accurately reflects our knowledge of the causes of drug use?
One personality style – the antisocial personality – is the basis for all drug use.
Physical addiction and the need to avoid withdrawal are insufficient explanations for continued narcotics use.
All drug users have one thing in common: a genetic predisposition to use drugs.
People start using drugs because they are forbidden; if drugs were legal, people would stop using them.
b. Physical addiction and the need to avoid withdrawal are insufficient explanations for continued narcotics use.

16. 15. Stanley has entered a rehabilitation facility for treatment of his addiction to barbiturates. He is immediately prevented from using the drugs and experiences agitation, restlessness, increased respiration, and insomnia. This phase of treatment is called
detoxification.
opponent processing.
arousal.
primary rehabilitation.
a. detoxification.

17. 16. Research on the Alcoholics Anonymous program suggests that it is
Superior to individual psychotherapy.
Associated with increased feelings of self-efficacy, active coping, and the motivation to stop drinking, which are all predictors of a positive outcome.
Superior to hospitalization.
Effective for 95 percent of members who remain in the program for a period of two years.
b. Associated with increased feelings of self-efficacy, active coping, and the motivation to stop drinking, which are all predictors of a positive outcome.

18. 17. These disorders involve a conflict between one’s actual sex and one’s psychological sense of being male or female. They are called
Gender identity disorders.
Dissociative identity disorders.
Sexual desire disorders.
Paraphilias.
a. Gender identity disorders.

19. 18. The definition of sexual disorders is
Unique because it does not include subjective distress.
Among the clearest of all forms of psychological disorders to identify.
Based primarily on the statistical rarity criterion.
Difficult because it is influenced by moral and legal judgments.
a. Unique because it does not include subjective distress.

20. 19. Which of the following best describers the central problem in determining whether or not a sexual practice is abnormal?
The abnormal behavior usually does not threaten society, impair social or occupational functioning, or cause distress to the individual.
While the laws are usually clear about what is illegal, people are often unaware of the laws.
Acceptable sexual practices differ between cultures and historical times.
The DSM-IV-TR only lists sexual disorders that are illegal, not ones that are merely unusual or abnormal.
c. Acceptable sexual practices differ between cultures and historical times.

21. 20. Each of the following are stages in the human sexual response cycle except
resolution.
dyspaurenia.
appetitive.
excitement.
b. dyspaurenia.

22. 21. According to the current psychological and scientific perspective, homosexuality is considered
A normal variation in sexual behavior.
A problem that needs to be fixed.
Nature’s way of controlling overpopulation.
The result of poor parenting.
a. A normal variation in sexual behavior.

23. 22. Which of the following men has secondary erectile disorder?
Bill, whose inability is caused by a physiological problem he was born with
Charlie, whose inability has psychological causes
Emmett, who has never had an erection sufficient for intercourse
Del, who used to have adequate erections but is unable to do so now
d. Del, who used to have adequate erections but is unable to do so now

24. 23. Which statement about the cause of sexual dysfunctions is accurate?
Recent studies indicate that biological factors may play a major role in some sexual disorders.
Masters and Johnson tended to deemphasize the importance of psychological factors.
Almost all of them are primary forms of the disorders.
Recent studies show that biological factors only explain secondary forms of the disorders.
a. Recent studies indicate that biological factors may play a major role in some sexual disorders.

25. d. Erectile dysfunction
24. Giovani has been treated with vascular surgery to increase blood flow to his genitals. When that did not cure his sexual dysfunction, he was given extra hormones. Now he is a candidate for implant surgery. What disorder is he most likely to suffer from?
Premature ejaculation
Hypoactive desire disorder
Male orgasmic disorder
Erectile dysfunction
d. Erectile dysfunction

26. a. Premature ejaculation
25. A therapist instructs Mrs. Weaver: “Stimulate your husband’s penis until he feels ejaculation is about to happen, then stop all stimulation for a while. Continue with stimulation and then stop, repeating until he can tolerate longer periods of stimulation without ejaculation.” What sexual dysfunction is being treated?
Premature ejaculation
Secondary erectile dysfunction
Sexual aversion disorder
Vaginismus
a. Premature ejaculation

27. b. hypoactive sexual desire.
26. George and Laura are seeing a sex therapist because of problems in their sex life. The therapist tells them that they are suffering from the most common complaint of couples seeking sex therapy. We could conclude from this statement that George and Laura are having problems with
sexual arousal.
hypoactive sexual desire.
orgasm.
refraction.
b. hypoactive sexual desire.

28. c. Do not develop gender identity disorder as adults.
27. Jimmy is a little boy who engages in exclusively feminine play and claims he wants to grow up to be a woman. He is disgusted by his penis. Most children with gender identity conflicts such as Jimmy’s
Become transvestites.
Develop gender identity disorder as adults.
Do not develop gender identity disorder as adults.
Engage in paraphilias as adults.
c. Do not develop gender identity disorder as adults.

29. 28. The biological cause of gender identity disorders probably involves
Abnormal levels of sex hormones.
Excessive amounts of certain neurotransmitters.
Lack of development in certain brain structures.
Stress-related organ dysfunction.
a. Abnormal levels of sex hormones.

30. b. standard treatment for gender identity disorders.
29. To treat a gender identity disorder, Carl and his parents are involved in therapy. Carl is “educated” by the therapist about appropriate sex-role behavior, while his parents are taught behavioral principles to reinforce gender appropriate behavior and to extinguish inappropriate behavior. Carl’s therapy is
based on psychodynamic principles.
standard treatment for gender identity disorders.
unlikely to be helpful in treating Carl.
based on a biological viewpoint of gender identity.
b. standard treatment for gender identity disorders.

31. 30. The sexual disorders that involve intense sexual urges regarding nonhuman objects, real or simulated suffering, or non-consenting others are called
gender identity disorders.
paraphilias.
dyspareunia.
psychosexual disorders.
c. dyspareunia.

32. 31. Which of the following individuals does NOT exhibit a paraphilia?
Joe, who can only become sexually aroused in the presence of women’s shoes.
John, who rubs against strangers to become sexually aroused.
Jake, who can only become sexually aroused when he is tied up and spanked by his partner.
Jules, who becomes sexually aroused when he sees his wife in a sexy negligee.
d. Jules, who becomes sexually aroused when he sees his wife in a sexy negligee.

33. 32. Which statement about pedophilia is accurate?
Most pedophiles are under 16 ages of age and molest children nearly their same age.
In most cases, one relative or friend of the family molests one child.
Most pedophiles remain unaroused when they see hard-core porno graphic films.
Most pedophiles are highly intelligent and socially skilled.
b. In most cases, one relative or friend of the family molests one child.

34. 33. Dr. Julius says to his exhibitionist patient, “Your dreams tell us that, for you, fear of castration requires that you prove to others that you still have ap enis by exposing yourself. Once your acknowledge and overcome that fear, your need to exhibit will disappear.” Dr. Julius holds which viewpoint on the disorder?
Psychodynamic
Cognitive-behavioral
Operant conditioning
Humanistic-existential
a. Psychodynamic

35. 34. These disorders are disturbances in emotions that cause subjective discomfort, hinder a person’s ability to function, or both. They are
personality disorders.
emotional disorders.
mood disorders.
anxiety disorders.
c. mood disorders.

36. 35. Central to mood disorders is _____, which is characterized by intense sadness, and _____, which is characterized by elevated mood and often results in hyperactivity.
mania; anxiety
mania; depression
depression; anxiety
depression; mania
d. depression; mania

37. 36. Shelly is pessimistic about her future
36. Shelly is pessimistic about her future. Her disinterest in everything around her, together with her loss of energy and motivation, make it difficult for her to cope with even the most minor of daily events. These symptoms demonstrate which domain of depression?
Cognitive
Affective
Behavioral
Physiological
a. Cognitive

38. 37. Professor Wong tells her class that there are four psychological domains that are used to describe depression. These include all of the following except
affect.
behavior.
cognition.
dominance.
d. dominance.

39. 38. The cognitive symptoms of depression include
crying spells that do not relate to a particular event
feeling worthless.
slowed movements.
self-accusations of being incompetent.
d. self-accusations of being incompetent.

40. 39. All of the following are behavioral symptoms of depression except:
Decreased activity level
Difficulties in concentration and decision making
Social withdrawal
Psychomotor retardation
b. Difficulties in concentration and decision making

41. 40. Which of the following is not a physiological symptom of depression?
Disruption of normal menstrual cycle
Lack of interest in eating and weight loss
Difficulty getting to sleep or waking up early
Psychomotor retardation
d. Psychomotor retardation

42. 41. Which individual best illustrates the symptoms of mania?
Jim, who has suddenly developed an aversion to sexual activity
Paul, who has boundless energy and becomes angered when frustrated
Alice, who is highly anxious about future events
Esther, whose energy level is so low that she has become withdrawn from other people
b. Paul, who has boundless energy and becomes angered when frustrated

43. 42. Winnie exhibits the essential feature of bipolar disorder, which is
depressed mood.
chronic fatigue.
changing moods from happy to serious.
one or more manic or hypomanic episodes.
d. One or more manic or hypomanic episodes.

44. 43. In the DSM-IV-TR, the mood disorders are divided into two major subcategories:
depressive disorder and bipolar disorder.
bipolar I and bipolar II.
mild and severe.
major depression and dysthymic disorder.
a. depressive disorder and bipolar disorder.

45. 44. Ronnie has recurrent major depressive episodes that alternate with hypomania. According to the DSM-IV-TR, Ronnie should be diagnosed with
bipolar I
bipolar II
cyclothymia.
major depressive disorder not otherwise specified.
b. bipolar II

46. 45. Which event is least likely to happen?
Major depressive episodes that do not alternate with any manic episodes
Manic episodes that do not alternate with depressive episodes
Major depression that alternates with manic episodes
Major depressive episodes that alternate with hyupomania
b. Manic episodes that do not alternate with depressive episodes

47. 46. Which of the following are key concepts in the behavioral explanation of depression?
incomplete mourning and unexpressed anger
irrational thinking and poor logic
few reinforcers and poor social skills
lack of imagination and self-absorption
c. few reinforcers and poor social skills

48. 47. Negative thoughts, low self-esteem, and errors in thinking are all concepts central to which theory of depression?
Biological
Cognitive
Operant
Psychodynamic
b. Cognitive

49. 48. Which quote best illustrates what Seligman means by learned helplessness?
“Nothing I do will ever improve my situation.”
“Everyone can dance well except me.”
“I can’t remember anything good ever happening to me.”
“Many of the stresses in my life I brought on myself.”
a. “Nothing I do will ever improve my situation.”

50. 49. Individuals from which culture are especially likely to present bodily complaints when they are depressed?
Chinese American
Irish American
American Indian
Italian American
a. Chinese American

51. 50. Researchers who believe that genetic factors are responsible for mood disorders are likely to be interested in which substances in the brain?
Proteins
Hormones
Catecholamines
Glial cells
c. Catecholamines