1. Globalization at the Turn of the Millennium Chapter 33

2. Global Politics and Economies

3. The Spread of Democracy
democracy- peaceful resolution of differences
Since 1991, spread to: Russia, E. Europe, and Latin America
Not in Middle East
Asia, Indonesia, China
More open political process
Sub-Saharan Africa
Dictators use elections to
est. political and military dominance
In post-Cold War and global economic forces contributed to growth/decline of democracy.

4. Global Politics United Nations Some success in keeping peace
Human rights
Difficult to agree on methods
Difficult to agree on when to:
Stop civil war
Stop human rights abuses
Example: slow response of U.S.
and Europe to help in Yugoslavia and Rwanda

5. Arms Control and Terrorism
U.S. began new nuclear programs
Concern of WMD’s
Osama bin Laden
President Bush’s “War on Terrorism” in Iraq and Afghanistan raised fears that U.S. is above international law.

6. The Global Economy
Free-market capitalism expanded as economies in Soviet Union and East Europe failed
World wide recession in 2000/2001
Economic growth slowed from 13 to 1 percent
China becoming a country of free trade and investment made it a global economic power.
Technology created liquidity

7. Managing the Global Economy
To promote economic growth many countries formed free trade zones and regional trade associations
European Union
NAFTA
World Trade Organization (WTO)
Promotes international trade agreements
International Monetary Fund and World Bank
Provide help to economically troubled countries

8. Trends and Visions

9. A New Age? According to analyst and reporter, Thomas Friedman
1990s ushered a new economic and political age
Events of 9/11 and global economic slowdown have caused many to question Friedman’s optimism

10. Christian Millenarianism
Jesus is coming soon
Apocalypse is soon

11. Militant Islam
Some Muslims have viewed globalization as a threat to Islam.
Cause of militant Islam:
Economic/political
Israel
Good v. Evil
Economic and political problems, conflict with Israel (American support), good v. evil

12. Universal Rights and Values
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1948
Based on American and European History
One perspective
NGOs (non-governmental organizations)
Agreed on: torture, imprisonment without trial, death squads, famine relief, refugee assistance
U.S. contradiction
International courts
Withdrawal from Kyoto agreement

13. Women’s Rights Dichotomy
Western industrialized nations v. Africa, Asia, Latin America
Equal education, jobs, voting rights, ending of sexual exploitation, and gender discrimination v. deterioration of morality and family life in the West
Deep cultural disagreement

14. Global Culture

15. The Media and the Message
After WW2 the U.S. became the world’s main exporter of movies.
India, Egypt, and Hong Kong
By 1960s, TV was used to unify in non-Western countries
Technology was responsible for spreading Western cultures worldwide

16. The Spread of Pop Culture
At the beginning of the 20th century, European composers, choreographers, writers, and artists drew on popular cultures to inspire their work.
Phonograph, advertising
Spread popular culture worldwide

17. Emerging Global Culture
Globalization at the elite level
Collaboration of space program
Graduate students coming to American schools
West- model for higher education
English as global language
literature

18. Enduring Cultural Diversity
Diverse cultural traditions persisted at the end of the 20th century.
Economic success of Japan and other Asian countries called into question western assumption that all of world advanced in Western political freedom, secularism, and industrialization.