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Medication Therapy Management: If You Build It, They Will Come

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Presentation on theme: "Medication Therapy Management: If You Build It, They Will Come"— Presentation transcript:

1 Medication Therapy Management: If You Build It, They Will Come
Meghan K. Sullivan, Pharm.D. Assistant Professor University of New England College of Pharmacy July 27, 2012

2 Learning Objectives Discuss the history of Medication Therapy Management (MTM): where have we been, and where we are going. Describe the various core components of MTM, including: medication therapy review (MTR), personal medication record (PMR), medication action plan (MAP), intervention and/or referral, documentation, follow-up and billing.  Discuss the current marketplace for MTM services. Discuss the design, development, implementation, sustainability and measures for continuous quality improvement revolving around MTM services. Evaluate current, and discuss future, reimbursement strategies for MTM services.

3 Defining MTM “A service or group of services that optimize therapeutic outcomes for individual patients.” - Pharmacy Profession (2004) “A program of drug therapy management that may be furnished by a pharmacist and is designed to assure, with respect to targeted beneficiaries, that covered Part D drugs are appropriately used to optimize therapeutic outcomes through improved medication use, and to reduce risk of adverse events including adverse drug interactions.” – CMS (2005)

4 MTM 101

5 Core Elements of an MTM Service Model
Medication therapy review (MTR) Personal medication record (PMR) Medication-related action plan (MAP) Intervention and/or referral Documentation and follow-up American Pharmacists Association, National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation. Medication Therapy Management in Pharmacy Practice: Core Elements of an MTM Service Model. Version 2.0. March Available at: Accessed December 19, 2011.

6 Medication Related Problems
Unnecessary Drug Therapy Wrong Drug Incorrect Dose Adverse Drug Reaction Inappropriate Compliance Needs Additional Therapy American Pharmacists Association, National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation. Medication Therapy Management in Pharmacy Practice: Core Elements of an MTM Service Model. Version 2.0. March Available at: Accessed December 19, 2011

7 Testing Your Knowledge…
LB is a 72-year old female who presents to your pharmacy for a MTM consultation. During your visit, you discover that she only takes her hydrochlorothiazide “occasionally” when she notices swelling in her legs, as she experiences nocturia when taking it daily. When completing her MAP, how should this medication-related problem be classified? Appropriateness of dose/dosing regimen Therapeutic duplication Untreated disease/condition Adherence to therapy

8 MTM Services Business Model
American Pharmacists Association, National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation. Medication Therapy Management in Pharmacy Practice: Core Elements of an MTM Service Model. Version 2.0. March Available at: Accessed December 19, 2011.

9 Treatment Population “MTM services should be considered for any patient with actual or potential medication-related problems.” – MTM Core Elements 2.0

10 Medication Therapy Management Services
Medication Therapy Reviews Pharmacotherapy Consults Disease state management Pharmacogenomics Medication safety and surveillance Health and wellness Anticoagulation management Immunizations American Pharmacists Association, National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation. Medication Therapy Management in Pharmacy Practice: Core Elements of an MTM Service Model. Version 2.0. March Available at: Accessed December 19, 2011.

11 Medication Therapy Management Providers
American Pharmacists Association. Medication Therapy Management Digest. Tracking the Expansion of MTM in 2010: Exploring the Consumer Perspective. March Available at: Accessed: July 7, 2012.

12 MTM Patient Care Settings
American Pharmacists Association. Medication Therapy Management Digest. Tracking the Expansion of MTM in 2010: Exploring the Consumer Perspective. March Available at: Accessed: July 7, 2012.

13 MTM Payment: Not Just for Medicare Beneficiaries!
Medicare Advantage plans Medicare stand-alone prescription drug plans HMO/managed care plans Specific employer benefit group Commercial insurance PPO plans State Medicaid programs Self-insured health or prescription coverate Health savings accounts American Pharmacists Association. Medication Therapy Management Digest. Tracking the Expansion of MTM in 2010: Exploring the Consumer Perspective. March Available at: Accessed: July 7, 2012.

14 The MTM Movement

15 The MTM Movement 2006: Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA) Medicare Advantage-Prescription Drug Plans (MA-PD) Prescription Drug Plans (PDP) CMS mandated that MTM must “evolve and become the cornerstone of the Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit” Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit; Final Rule. Issued January 28, Available at: Accessed December 17, 2012.

16 The MTM Movement Medication-related problems Medicare population
Annual preventable medication ADRs: 1.5 million Annual health care system expenditures: $178 billion Medicare population Average of 5 or more medications Increased risk for medication-related problems

17 Initial MMA MTM Beneficiary Requirements
Multiple chronic disease states Medication therapy including multiple Part D covered drugs Patient likely to incur annual costs for Part D drugs that exceed a predetermined level: $4,000 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit; Final Rule. Issued January 28, Available at: Accessed December 17, 2012.

18 Enhancement of Medicare Part D MTM Programs
Affordable Care Act (2010) Improved access to MTM services Increased intensity of interventions Provision of summaries to beneficiaries Collection of robust data for outcomes analysis Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Medicare Part D Medication Therapy Management (MTM) Programs. Issued June 30, Available at: Accessed January 3, 2012

19 Medicare Part D MTM Programs on the Horizon
Changes for 2013: MTM services and strategies MUST include: Annual Comprehensive Medication Review Follow-up interventions Quarterly assessment of medication use Automatic enrollment of targeted beneficiaries Standardized format for comprehensive medication review, action plan and summary Centers for Medicaid and Medicare. CY 2013 Medication Therapy Management Program Guidance and Submission Instructions. Issued April 12, Available athttps:// Accessed July 7, 2012.

20 Health Care Reform and More!
Accountable Care Organizations Patient-centered Medical Home “Independence at Home” Transitions of Care Activities American Pharmacists Association; APhA Pharmacy Law Matters 2010: Focus on Selected Provisions of the Affordable Care Act. Pharmacy Today. December Available at: Accessed July 7, 2012.

21 Testing Your Knowledge…
As per the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003, how frequently are Medicare Part D plan sponsors required to offer a comprehensive medication review? Quarterly Bi-annually Annually Every 5 years

22 Building Your Service

23 Developing Your Business Plan
Mission statement, goals, objectives Target population(s) Desired MTM services Implementation strategy Evaluation strategy

24 MTM Implementation SWOT Analysis
Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Internal Factors External Factors

25 Setting Goals SMART Goals Specific Measurable Achievable Realistic
Time-Limited

26 Practice Site Operation Considerations
Space Layout Legal, regulatory and quality measures Workflow Assigned duties/tasks Personnel Time Budget Rent/Utility Costs Software Vendor contracts Marketing/Advertising Personnel

27 Pharmacy Personnel Manager, RPh, clinical pharmacy specialist Training
Pharmacists Pharmacy Technicians Manager, RPh, clinical pharmacy specialist Training APhA, ASHP, NCPA, ASCP, ACCP, CCGP, BPS MTM, clinical skills, assessment and evaluation MOTIVATION/Incentive Marketing Recruitment Scheduling Documentation/Data Entry Billing

28 Testing Your Knowledge…
Which of the following MTM consultation activities are appropriate for pharmacy technicians to participate in? Establishing appointments with patients Billing third-party payers for MTM consultations Faxing/mailing follow-up documentation forms to health care providers All of the above

29 Planning for MTM Consultations
Appointment Availability Personnel Pharmacist hours Pharmacy technician hours Admin/clerk hours Workload Daily script count Interaction Face-to-face Telephonic

30 Recruitment of MTM Patients
Local Initiative Identifying standards Sorting data Contact patients MTM Vendors Pharmacy network Contact patients 30-90 day turn-around

31 Documentation of MTM Consultations
Paper patient charts Internal documentation system Electronic medical record (EMR) MTM vendor software Available Electronic Documentation Systems: Community CCRx HealthMap Rx MedKeeper MirixaPro MTMPath Outcomes Pharmaceutical Health Care Patient Tracker PharmMD PhillHelpWorks RxPerise

32 Marketing for MTM Services
Media: TV, radio, newspaper Social Networking: Facebook, Twitter Fliers, bag-stuffers, buttons, vial caps, stickers Education!

33 Testing Your Knowledge
List four ways that you can promote MTM services:

34 MTM Consultations Pre-appointment: Appointment: Post-appointment:
Review patient materials Document initial findings Identify points of clarity Appointment: Completion of MTR, PMR, MAP Post-appointment: Follow-up: how often?

35 Billing for MTM Services
CPT Codes for MTM 99605: Initial patient consultation: Max. 15 minutes 99606: Follow-up patient consultation: Max. 15 minutes 99607: Can be used in combination with either or to bill for any additional time spent with the patient, in 15 minute increments. “Incident to” evaluation and management codes (E&M) codes 99211 Completing the process… National Provider Identifier Superbills

36 Testing Your Knowledge…
Which of the following CPT codes should be used to bill for additional 15 minute increments during an initial or follow-up MTM consultation 99604 99605 99606 99607

37 IS it worth all of your effort?!
Make it Work! IS it worth all of your effort?!

38 Return on Investment Sample Business Model: Is it worth it?!
Pharmacist: $130,000 Base salary: $100,000 Benefits: $30,000 Full time employment: 2000 hrs/annually Need to generate $65/hour if hired as MTM pharmacist Is it worth it?! McDonough R. Making an MTM business plan work. Pharmacy Today. 2011;17: 48

39 Institutional Pharmacy Study
Medication Therapy Management: 10 Years of Experience in a Large Integrated Health Care System Methods: retrospective review of 9,068 patients receiving MTM services from September 1998 to 2008 Patients 21 years of age and older were eligible Payment made out of pocket or via third party payer Cost-savings calculations based on estimated costs of office visits, laboratory services, urgent care and emergency room visits and missed days of work Ramalho de Oliveira D, Brummel A, Miller D. Medication Therapy Management: 10 Years of Experience in a Large Integrated Health Care System. Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy. 2010;16:

40 Institutional Pharmacy Study
Medication Therapy Management: 10 Years of Experience in a Large Integrated Health Care System Results: Patients: 9,068 Documented encounters: 33,706 Drug therapy problems identified: 38,631 Patients not a goal: 4,849 (12,851 conditions) Improved: 7,068, No Change: 2956, Worsened: 2,827 Cost Savings: $2,913,850 ($86/encounter) Cost of MTM $2,258,302 ($67/encounter) ROI: $1.29 per $1 spent Ramalho de Oliveira D, Brummel A, Miller D. Medication Therapy Management: 10 Years of Experience in a Large Integrated Health Care System. J Manag Care Pharm. 2010;16:

41 Community Pharmacy Study
Analysis of Pharmacist-Provided Medication Therapy Mangement (MTM) Services in Community Pharmacies Over 7 Years Methods: MTM claims data from a multistate MTM vendor was analyzed: Reason, Action, Result, Estimated Cost Avoidance (ECA) Barnett J, Frank J, Wehring H, et.al. Analysis of Pharmacist-Provided Medication Therapy Mangement (MTM) Services in Community Pharmacies Over 7 Years. J Manag Care Pharm. 2009;15:18-30

42 Community Pharmacy Study
Analysis of Pharmacist-Provided Medication Therapy Mangement (MTM) Services in Community Pharmacies Over 7 Years Results: Number of claims in database: 100,000 Claims analyzed: 76,148 (23,798 patient) Average pharmacy reimbursement: $8.44/MTM service Mean ECA: $93.78 Trends resulted in higher pharmacy reimbursements and greater ECA per claim over time (P<0.001) Barnett J, Frank J, Wehring H, et.al. Analysis of Pharmacist-Provided Medication Therapy Mangement (MTM) Services in Community Pharmacies Over 7 Years. J Manag Care Pharm. 2009;15:18-30

43 Questions?!

44 Medication Therapy Management: If You Build It, They Will Come
Meghan K. Sullivan, Pharm.D. Assistant Professor University of New England College of Pharmacy July 27, 2012

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