1. ICD-10-CM Boot Camp Presented by: Karen Kvarfordt, RHIA, CCS-P, CCDS
President, DiagnosisPlus, Inc.
2014

2. ICD-10 Changes Everything!
It’s on our doorstep! The biggest change to happen in Health Information Management and the Revenue Cycle in more than 30 years! Preparation is the key. Will you be ready?

3. What makes us so different?
ICD-10
WHO (World Health Organization) owns & publishes ‘ICD’ (International Classification of Diseases).
WHO endorsed ICD-10 in 1990; members began using ICD-10 or modifications in 1994.
United States is the only industrialized country not using ICD-10 for our coding & reporting of diseases, illnesses, and injuries. Why?
What makes us so different?

4. Countries Using ICD-10 For Case Mix
United Kingdom (1995)
Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden (1994 – 1997)
France (1997)
Australia (1998)
Belgium (1999)
Germany (2000)
Canada (2001)
U.S. (2015) (Reimbursement + Case Mix)

5. But What’s Wrong With ICD-9?
If it’s not broken, why fix it?

6. What’s Wrong With ICD-9?
Bottom line…We have run out of space and cannot capture any new diseases and/or procedures.
Does not capture ‘specificity’ as ICD-10 does.
In 1979, the year ICD-9 was implemented, the Nobel Prize was awarded for the CT scanner.
Just think about how far we have come in
healthcare since then, while our codes have
remained in ICD-9!

7. Who Will Be Impacted By ICD-10?
We all know that ICD-10 will impact the coder, but who else?

8. Non-HIM Impact Areas Scheduling – Pre-certs, eligibility
Don’t forget Medicaid!
Medical Necessity CPT Codes – software, manual processes, cheat sheets
Recurring Accounts – Will need new pre-certs & re-coded after October 1, 2015
Payer Acceptance of new ICD-10 codes PLUS ICD-9 codes – 2 batches
Payer Contract Language – Dx codes
Payer Remark Codes/Denial Codes
CDM – Hardcoded RT/LT needs to match with the soft coded RT/LT ICD-10 diagnosis code
Trauma Registry – Translation of codes
All IT Systems Within The Organization
Decision Support & Utilization Patterns – Will need to be translated
Revise Forms To Include New ICD-10 Codes
Lab Requisitions
Physician encounter forms
EMR
CPOE

9. Payer Readiness - Letters With Timelines To Get Started, Test, Dialogue
UB submissions with ICD-9 and ICD conversion dates
Denials with new reasons – as ICD-10 is far more specific
Contract language that addresses ICD-10 inclusions/exclusions
Claim scrubbers/payer scrubbers – ABN issues (LCD/NDC dx codes), ‘if’ rules, edits
Pre-authorization process/coverage
WC and Liability are not subject to HIPAA standard transactions. Will they convert? What does this really mean?

10. Exploring New Partnerships With Provider Offices
Physician dictates ► hospital coders code ► UB is created.
New! Why not share the codes with the providers who are attached to the account? Why repeat the same coding process in the physician office?
New! Brown bag coding luncheons with the provider offices. Office brings samples to code, hospital coders code while teaching ICD-10 concepts.
New! Hospital becomes the outsourcing company to assist small practices with coding.

11. So…what is ICD-10?

12. What is ICD-10-CM/PCS?
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) mandated that HIPAA covered entities must update medical coding sets, effective October 1, 2015 (1 year delay).
Diagnosis code set changes from ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM.
Hospital inpatient procedure code set changes from
ICD-9-CM (Volume 3) to ICD-10-PCS.
No impact on CPT and/or HCPCS codes. Yeah!
We will still report CPT codes for all outpatient procedures/services & physician hospital visits to Observation and Inpatients (E&Ms).

13. ICD-10 Impact ICD-10-CM (Diagnoses) ICD-10-PCS (Procedures)
Will be used by all hospitals, providers, clinics, lab, radiology, psych, rehab, nursing homes, etc.
ICD-10-PCS (Procedures)
Will be used only for hospital claims for inpatient hospital procedures
CPT/HCPCS – No change!
Procedures for Hospital Outpatients, Physician Visits, Lab and Radiology Outpatients, etc.

14. When is Implementation?
October 1, 2015 – Compliance date for implementation of ICD-10-CM (diagnoses) and ICD-10-PCS (inpatient procedures).
CMS initially stated that there would be no grace period. Then why the 1 year delay? And now another year?

15. ICD-10 Implementation Span Date
CMS clarified policy for processing split claims for hospital encounters that span the ICD-10 implementation date.
MLN (Medical Learning Network) Matters Number: SE1325
Split Claims
Require providers split the claim so all ICD-9 codes remain on one claim with Date of Service (DOS) through September 30, 2015, and all ICD-10 codes placed on the other claim with DOS beginning October 1, 2015 and later.
Same guidance for Inpatient and Outpatient encounters!

16. Diagnosis Coding (ICD-10-CM)

17. ICD-9-CM vs. ICD-10-CM ICD-9-CM ICD-10-CM 14,000 diagnosis codes
3 - 5 digits or characters
1st character is numeric or alpha (E or V codes)
2nd – 5th characters are numeric
Decimal placed after the first 3 characters
17 Chapters and “V” & “E” codes are ‘supplemental’
14,000 diagnosis codes
ICD-10-CM
3 - 7 digits or characters
1st character is alpha (all letters used except “U”)
2nd – 7th characters can be alpha and/or numeric
Decimal placed after the first 3 characters (the same!)
21 Chapters and “V” & “E” codes are ‘not’ supplemental
69,000+ diagnosis codes

18. ICD-10-CM Format X X X  X X X X Category
Etiology, anatomic site, severity
Extension

19. What Does ICD-10-CM Have To Offer?
Provides many, many more categories for diseases and other health-related conditions
Higher level of “specificity”
Combined etiology and manifestations, poisoning and external causes, or diagnosis and symptoms into a single code
Did you know that ICD-11 is already
in draft format?

20. Why Are There So Many Diagnosis Codes?
Greater “specificity and detail” in all diagnosis codes!
But…is there supporting physician documentation in the medical record?
34,250 (50%) of all ICD-10-CM codes are related to the musculoskeletal system
17,045 (25%) of all ICD-10-CM codes are related to fractures
10,582 fracture codes will distinguish ‘right’ vs. ‘left’
25,000 (36%) of all ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes will now distinguish right vs. left

21. Level of Detail Example
ICD-9-CM (Irregular Astigmatism) (367.22)
Only 1 code in ICD-9-CM
ICD-10-CM (Irregular Astigmatism)
Will have 4 code choices:
H (Irregular astigmatism, right eye)
H (Irregular astigmatism, left eye)
H (Irregular astigmatism, bilateral)
H (Irregular astigmatism, unspecified eye)
Physicians are likely documenting “laterality” now, but coders aren’t looking for it.
One easy place to look for documentation improvement!

22. New Features to ICD-10-CM
Combination codes for conditions and common symptoms or manifestations
E Type 1 diabetes mellitus with diabetic nephropathy
Added laterality (left vs. right)
M Chrondromalacia, right shoulder
Added 7th character extensions for episode of care
S06.01xA Concussion with loss of consciousness of 30 minutes or less, initial encounter
Expanded codes (injuries, diabetes, alcohol & substance abuse, postoperative complications)
F Cocaine dependence with intoxication delirium

23. More New Stuff!
Injuries are grouped by anatomical site rather than by the type of injury
Diseases of the sense organs (eyes & ears) have their own chapters, no longer part of the Nervous System chapter
Inclusion of trimesters in obstetric codes and elimination of 5th digits for episode of care
O Anemia complicating pregnancy, third trimester
Change in timeframes specified in certain codes
Acute myocardial infarction – time period changed from 8 weeks to 4 weeks
Full code titles for all codes (no reference back to common fourth and fifth digits)
Post-op complications have been moved to procedure- specific body system chapters

24. Not Everything Will Change In ICD-10-CM!
We tend to focus on the ways ICD-10-CM is different, such as:
Number of codes (69,000+)
Length of the codes
The “look” of the codes
Level of specificity
Increased documentation requirements
But wait! The indexes will be structured very much the same as in ICD-9-CM.

25. Format of ICD-10-CM Alphabetic Index
Two main parts: Alphabetic Index & Tabular List
Alphabetic Index
Alphabetical list of terms and their corresponding codes
Index to Diseases and Injury
Neoplasm Table
Table of Drugs and Chemicals
Index to External Causes of Injury
Coding Tip: The “-” at the end of an index entry indicates that additional characters are required – need to look further!

26. Tabular List
Chronological list of codes divided into chapters (21) based on body system and/or condition. Further divided into categories and subcategories which may be either letters or numbers.
For some chapters, the body or organ system is the axis of the classification.
Diseases/conditions of the sense organs (eyes and ears) have been separated from the Nervous System diseases/conditions and have their own chapters in ICD- 10-CM.
Certain diseases have been reclassified (or reassigned) to a more appropriate chapter in ICD-10-CM.

27. More on Tabular List…
The final character in a code may be either a letter or a number.
Utilizes dummy place holders, always letter “x”.
Is not case-sensitive (upper/lower case)
A dummy “x” is used as a 5th character place holder for certain 6 character codes to allow for future expansion.
Certain categories have 7th character extensions (fractures/injuries/obstetrics). The extension is required for all codes within the category, or as the notes in the tabular instruct.

28. Episode of Care (7th Character Extensions)
Found predominately in 2 chapters:
Chapter 19 (Injury, Poisoning and Certain Other Consequences of External Causes)
Chapter 15 (Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperium)
Injuries/Poisonings:
Episode of Care: Designates the episode of care as initial, subsequent or sequela
Pregnancy/Childbirth/Puerperium:
Provides additional information about the fetus:
Used to identify certain complications of pregnancy with multiple gestation to identify which fetus(es) is(are) affected by the condition indicated by the code.

29. Injuries & Poisonings
ALL diagnoses within this category will require a 7th character (episode of care).
Tabular list will identify which diagnosis codes will need this final character in the code.
Provides a shaded box to let you know the applicable 7th characters for the code.
Have to “build” the characters to get to the final spot in the code (7th character).

30. ICD-10-CM (Injury and External Cause Extensions)
A Initial encounter
D Subsequent encounter
S Sequela (disease progression/late effect)
Coders will need to look for the episode of care. Is this the patient’s 1st visit for treatment or is it for routine follow-up? Is it clearly documented in the medical record?

31. “Initial” Encounter (A)
Period when a patient is receiving ‘active’ treatment for an injury, poisoning or other consequences of an external cause.
“A” may be assigned on more than 1 claim.
Patient is seen in the ER for a head injury that first is evaluated by the ER physician. If the ER physician requests a CT scan that is subsequently read by a radiologist and/or neurologist, the 7th character “A” for initial is used by all 3 physicians and also reported on the ER claim by the hospital.

32. “Subsequent” Encounter (D)
Occurs after the active phase of treatment, when patient is receiving routine care during a period of healing or recovery.
Examples of “subsequent” care:
Cast change or removal
External or internal fixation removal
Medication adjustment
Follow-up visits following fracture treatment

33. Coding Change!
Today we code the ‘after care’ code as the principal diagnosis, i.e., V57.1 (physical therapy), etc.
In ICD-10-CM we will have to report the acute injury code with the correct 7th character, i.e., “D”, etc. to identify that it is a ‘subsequent’ encounter.
What is on your order today? Injury diagnosis or just order for PT?

34. “Sequela” Encounter (S)
Assigned for complications or conditions that arise as a direct result of an injury.
Example: Scar resulting from a burn
When using extension “S”, you will code both the injury that precipitated the sequela and the sequela itself.
There is no time limit on when a sequela code can be used.
Coding Tip! Sequence the specific type of sequela, i.e., scar first, followed by the injury code, i.e., burn as the secondary diagnosis.

35. Fracture Coding

36. What Do We Need?
Coders will need the following to code a fracture in ICD-10-CM:
Displaced or non-displaced
Open or closed
Laterality (left vs. right vs. bilateral)
Specific bone and location of the bone
Distal, proximal, mid-shaft, etc.
Encounter
Initial, subsequent, sequela

37. Fracture Diagnosis Codes Have Their Own 7th Characters
Identifies if the fracture is open or closed for an initial encounter, or if a subsequent encounter is
for routine healing, delayed healing, nonunion,
malunion, and/or sequela.
Fracture extensions:
A (Initial encounter for closed fracture)
B (Initial encounter for open fracture)
D (Subsequent encounter for fx with routine healing)
G (Subsequent encounter for fx with delayed healing)
K (Subsequent encounter for fx with nonunion)
P (Subsequent encounter for fx with malunion)
S (Sequela)

38. Fracture 7th Character Extensions
Initial encounter for closed and open fractures
Use while the patient is receiving “active” treatment for the fracture
7th Character Extensions:
A ► Closed fracture
B ► Open fracture type I (one) or II (two) or unspecified
C ► Open fracture type III (three)
Examples of “active” treatment:
Surgical treatment
Emergency Department encounter
Evaluation & treatment by a new physician

39. “Fracture” Subsequent Encounter
Subsequent encounter for open and closed fractures:
Used for encounters after active fracture treatment has been completed and the patient is receiving routine care during the healing or recovery period.
Closed Fracture 7th Character Extensions:
D ► Routine healing or aftercare
G ► Delayed healing
K ► Nonunion
P ► Malunion

40. What is Gustilo-Anderson Scale?
Gustilo-Anderson classification identifies the energy, soft-tissue damage, and the degree of contamination in “open” fractures – may be new to coders and orthopedic physicians.
Type I: Wound is smaller than 1 cm, clean, and generally caused by a fracture fragment that pierces the skin (low energy injury)
Type II: Wound is longer than 1 cm, not contaminated, and w/o major soft tissue damage or defect (low energy injury)
Type III: Wound is longer than 1 cm, with significant soft tissue disruption. The mechanism often involves high- energy trauma, resulting in a severely unstable fracture with varying degrees of fragmentation.

41. More Information…
Purpose of the fracture classification system in the clinical setting is to allow communication that infers fracture morphology and treatment parameters.
Important to educate providers on the use of this scale for the specific documentation necessary in ICD-10-CM.
Make sure to look at each 7th character box in the fracture section, as not all categories utilize the Gustilo classification because it is not for all bones or all types of fractures.

42. Additional Fracture Note!
There are no combination codes for fractures involving both the radius and ulna in ICD-10-CM.
Each fracture will be coded separately.

43. Clavicle Fracture
24 choices for fracture of clavicle (only 1 in ICD-9-CM)
Documentation must include:
Laterality
Displaced (anterior or posterior displacements)
Nondisplaced
Location: sternal end, shaft, lateral end, unspecified
7th character extension
Example: S42.011B (Anterior displaced fracture of sternal end of right clavicle initial encounter open fracture)

44. Examples of ICD-10-CM Emergency Room
I Essential (primary) hypertension
S01.02xA Laceration with foreign body of scalp, initial encounter
S01.02xD Laceration with foreign body of scalp, subsequent encounter
S02.2xxA Fracture of nasal bones, initial encounter for closed fracture
H Acute serous otitis media, right ear
H Acute serous otitis media, left ear
H Acute serous otitis media, bilateral

45. Quirky ICD-10-CM Codes On any given day, anything can happen!
W17.82xA Fall from (out of) grocery cart, initial encounter
V94.4xxA Injury to barefoot water-skier, initial encounter
W61.43xA Pecked by turkey, initial encounter
Y93.C Activity, handheld interactive electronic device, i.e., cellular phone

46. Cross Walking - GEMs
CMS has created GEMs (General Equivalence Mappings) to assist hospitals with cross walking ICD-9-CM ►ICD-10-CM/PCS “forward mapping” & ICD-10-CM/PCS ◄ ICD-9-CM “backward mapping”. The correlation between the 2 code sets for some codes is fairly close, but not a straight correlation for others, i.e. OB, etc.
Not always 1 to 1 crosswalk from ICD-9-CM to
ICD-10-CM (
Available on CMS’s website

47. GEMs ICD-9-CM Code Diagnosis ICD-10-CM Code V20.2
Routine infant or child examination
Z (Encounter for routine child exam without abnormal findings). Z (Encounter for routine child exam with abnormal findings). “Use additional code(s) to identify abnormal findings”.
250.00
DM w/o complications, type II or unspecified
E11.9 (Type II DM without complications)
V04.81
Need for prophylactic vaccination and inoculation
Z23 (Encounter for immunization). “At this time in ICD-10-CM there is only one code for immunizations”.
401.1
Hypertension, benign
I10 (Essential [primary] hypertension). “ICD-10-CM does not differentiate between hypertension that is controlled or uncontrolled, benign or malignant and there is only one code”.
427.31
Atrial fibrillation
I48.0 (Atrial fibrillation)
I48.1 (Atrial flutter)
786.50
Chest pain, unspecified
R07.0 (Chest pain, unspecified). “ICD-10-CM expands upon chest pain symptoms and unspecified code may no longer be necessary”.
465.9
URI
J06.9 (Acute upper respiratory infection, unspecified)
724.2
Lumbago
M54.5 (Low back pain)
466.0
Bronchitis, acute
J20.0 (Acute bronchitis, unspecified). “ICD-10-CM includes 10 choices for acute bronchitis”.
729.5
Limb pain
M (Pain in right leg)

48. ICD-10-CM Code Structure

49. ICD-10-CM Code Structure
1st character is always an alphabetic letter. All the letters of the alphabet are used except for the letter “U” which has been reserved for the provisional assignment of new diseases & uncertain etiology (U00-U49) & for bacterial agents resistant to antibiotics (U80-U89).
ICD-10-CM codes may consist of up to seven characters, with the 7th character extensions representing ‘visit’ encounter or sequela for injuries and external causes.

50. ICD-10-CM Format X X X  X X X X Category
Etiology, anatomic site, severity
Extension

51. Biggest Change in ICD-10-CM
Laterality: left vs. right vs. bilateral
For bilateral sites, the final character of the codes in ICD-10-CM indicate laterality.
Right side is always character 1 (RT)
Left side is always character 2 (LT)
Bilateral code is always character 3 (RT & LT)
But wait! Not all codes will have a ‘bilateral’ distinction, i.e., carpal tunnel, etc.
“Unspecified” side code is also provided should the side not be documented in the medical record.
Did we just lose our specificity?

52. More on Laterality…
Providers will need to document which side, left or right, that the injury or diagnosis has occurred for over 25,000 + codes.
H – Swimmer’s ear, left ear
M – Chrondromalacia, right shoulder
Coders should always assign the detailed codes, not the ‘unspecified’ codes that are also in
ICD-10-CM, but to do that, the physician has to
document it in the medical record.
What do they document today?

53. Diagnoses/Conditions That Will Require Laterality
Joint pain
Joint effusion
Injury
Fractures Start working with your physicians
Dislocations now to get them in the habit of
Arthritis documenting laterality!
Cerebral infarction
Extremity atherosclerosis
Pressure ulcers
Cancers, neoplasms (breast, lung, bones, etc.)

54. Note! Changes for Obstetric Diagnosis Codes
Rather than reporting codes according to the episode of care, coders will report pregnancy codes by trimester in ICD-10-CM.
ICD-9-CM: Pregnancy codes are defined by
the ‘episode of care’
Unspecified
Delivered
Antepartum

55. Additional Notes on OB…
Under ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes will be based on the “stage” of pregnancy:
1st trimester
2nd trimester
3rd trimester
Trimesters are counted from the first day of the last menstrual period, and defined as:
First trimester: Fewer than 14 weeks
Second trimester: Fourteen weeks
Third trimester: Twenty-eight weeks

56. More on Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperium
Time frame for differentiating the abortion and fetal death codes has changed from 22 ►20 weeks
Time frame for differentiating early and late vomiting in pregnancy will now change from 22 ►20 weeks
Pre-term labor is defined as before 37 weeks of gestation (more defined definition)
And…7th character extension to identify the fetus in multiple gestation:
0 – Not applicable or unspecified
1 – Fetus 1
2 – Fetus 2
3 – Fetus 3
4 – Fetus 4
5 – Fetus 5
9 – Other fetus

57. Changes to Newborns
Terms “fetus” and “newborn” used in many of the ICD-9-CM code titles have been removed in many of the ICD-10-CM code descriptors.
Single liveborn infant (Z38.00)
Additionally, newborns affected by maternal factors and by complications of pregnancy, labor & delivery, the phrase “suspected to be” is included in the code title.
P00.4 Newborn (suspected to be) affected by maternal nutritional disorders
P00.5 Newborn (suspected to be) affected by maternal injury

58. Asthma Documentation
Need to specify when intermittent attacks vs. persistent manifestations
Document the Severity (3 levels):
Mild (more than two times per week)
Moderate (daily and may restrict physical activity)
Severe (throughout the day with frequent severe attacks limiting the ability to breathe)
Clarification as to whether intrinsic or extrinsic
Exercise-induced or other forms
Specify when chronic state asthmatic bronchitis exists and when “acute exacerbation” occurs
Differentiate from bronchiolitis (RSV?) and aspiration
Document tobacco exposure or history of

59. Diabetes Mellitus – Huge Expansion!
Diabetes mellitus codes are expanded to include the classification of the diabetes and the manifestation by using 4th or 5th characters.
Moving from 1 category of “250” ► 5 categories in ICD-10!
ICD-9-CM = 59 diagnosis codes
ICD-10-CM = 200+ diagnosis codes!
Whether or not diabetes is stated as ‘controlled’ or ‘uncontrolled’ is not a factor in ICD-10.
E Type 1 diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis with coma
E Type 2 diabetes with diabetic mononeuropathy
E Drug or chemical induced diabetes mellitus with
diabetic peripheral angiopathy with gangrene

60. Obesity
Documentation needs to distinguish when due to intake of excessive calories vs. other causes
Identify when morbid obesity exists
Identify when obesity hypoventilation syndrome exists
Identify when patient is overweight if it impacts patient care
Diagnosis of obesity or overweight MUST be documented by the physician
Coding of the patient’s BMI, however, can be taken from nurses or dietician’s notes

61. Obesity Coding Exercise
Assign the code(s) for the following diagnosis:
Morbid obesity with a BMI of 42 in an adult
E Morbid (severe) obesity due to excess calories
Z Body mass index (BMI) 40.0 – adult
Tip! In the Tabular, the subcategory is Obesity due to excess calories. This is the correct code even though it is not documented that excess calories caused the obesity. This is the “default” code.
Note at category E66 indicates that an additional code
should be assigned for the BMI when known.

62. Further Expansion of Codes…
ICD-10-CM provides 50 different codes for “complications of foreign body accidently left in body following a procedure”, compared to only one code in ICD-9-CM.
T – Perforation due to foreign body accidently left in body following heart catheterization
T – Obstruction due to foreign body accidently left in body following endoscopic examination
T – Adhesions due to foreign body accidently left in body following aspiration, puncture or other catheterization

63. Changes to Hypertension
ICD-10-CM in the Tabular List states:
I10 Essential (primary) hypertension
Includes: High blood pressure
Hypertension (arterial) (benign) (essential) (malignant) (primary) (systemic)
Excludes1: Hypertensive disease complicating pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium
Excludes2: Essential (primary) hypertension involving vessels of brain, essential (primary) hypertension involving vessels of eye
No longer matters whether hypertension is malignant
or benign in ICD-10-CM!

64. Nicotine Dependence
ICD-10-CM contains a separate category (F17) for nicotine dependence with further subcategories to identify the specific tobacco product and nicotine induced disorder. Some examples:
Cigarettes
Chewing tobacco
Cigar, etc.
ICD-9 has only one diagnosis code 305.1!

65. Hemorrhage vs. Bleeding
In Chapter 11 (Diseases of the Digestive System - K00-K94) some terminology changes have occurred.
The term “hemorrhage” is used when referring to ulcers, and the term “bleeding” is used when classifying gastritis, duodenitis, diverticulosis and diverticulitis.
K Acute gastric ulcer with hemorrhage
K Acute gastritis with bleeding
K Diverticulosis of large intestine without perforation or abscess with bleeding

66. Pressure Ulcers
While ICD-9-CM did add a subcategory for pressure ulcer stages in 2008, two codes are required to code this specificity today but…
ICD-10-CM provides the site (including laterality) and the stage all in one code (combination code)!
Let’s code one! Find the diagnosis code for a pressure ulcer, Stage 2, left ankle
L89.5-
What diagnosis code did you come up with?

67. Burns and Corrosions
Code category T20-T32 classifies burns and corrosions in ICD-10-CM.
Burn codes identify:
Thermal burns, except for sunburns, that come from a heat source.
Also burns resulting from electricity and/or radiation.
Addition of the term “corrosion” is new in
ICD-10-CM.
Corrosions are burns due to chemicals.

68. Another New ICD-10-CM Term!
“Underdosing” will be a new term to us in ICD-10-CM and is defined as taking less of a medication that is prescribed by a physician and/or manufacturer’s instructions with a resulting negative health consequence.
Financial Reasons (#1)
Patient Non-Compliance

69. ICD-10-CM Conventions

70. ICD-10-CM Conventions
Many, but not all, of the ICD-10-CM conventions are similar to the ICD-9-CM conventions.
Similar to ICD-9-CM, abbreviations, punctuation, symbols and notes are used as conventions and have special meanings that affect the code assignment.
NEC (Not Elsewhere Classified) – “other” types of conditions
H26.8 Other specified cataract
NOS (Not Otherwise Specified) – used when the documentation of the condition by the provider is insufficient to assign a more specific code
J12.9 Viral pneumonia, unspecified
Notice anything familiar?

71. New Twist on Excludes Notes
ICD-9-CM uses “Includes” and “Excludes” notes
Includes: Good indication your in the right place
Excludes: Better keep looking because you’re in the wrong place
ICD-10-CM will use:
Excludes1
Excludes2

72. What Does This Mean?
Excludes1 note (pure Exclude) indicates ‘not coded here’. The code being excluded is never used with the first listed code. The two conditions cannot occur together.
Example: B06 Rubella [German Measles] has an Excludes1 of congenital rubella, P35.0
Exlcudes2 note indicates ‘not included here’. The excluded condition is not in this section of codes, so you will have to look elsewhere in the book to code that specific condition.

73. Instructional Notations
Includes
Excludes Notes
Excludes1
Excludes2
Code First/Use Additional Code
Code Also
7th characters (extensions) *new*
Placeholder “x” *new*

74. Placeholder Character
Dummy placeholder which is always the letter “x” and is not ‘case sensitive’
When “x” is in the 5th or 6th character, the “x” is called a placeholder
When “X” (upper case) is at the beginning of a code, it represents a specific “chapter”
Coders will need to add a placeholder so the 7th character ends up in the correct position, otherwise, the code will be invalid
S01.02xA Laceration with foreign body of scalp, initial encounter

75. ICD-10-CM Coding Guidelines

76. ICD-10-CM Coding Guidelines
General coding guidelines for ICD-10-CM are similar to ICD-9-CM counterparts with one additional “new” guideline – laterality
The laterality guideline states “For bilateral sites, the final character of the codes in ICD-10 indicates laterality”
An “unspecified” side code is also provided should the side not be identified in the record
If no bilateral code is provided and the condition is bilateral, assign separate codes for both the left & right side

77. Chapter Specific Guidelines
Chapter 6: Diseases of Nervous System and Sense Organs (G00-G99)
Dominant vs. Non-Dominant side
Medical record documentation must identify whether the dominant or non-dominant side is affected.
Should the affected side be documented, but not specified as dominant or non-dominant, code selection should be:
If the left side is affected, the “default” is
non-dominant.
If the right side is affected, the “default” is dominant.

78. Chapter Specific Guidelines
Chapter 16: Certain Conditions Originating in the Perinatal Period (P00-P96)
“New” notes that help clarify how codes are to be used.
Following note appears under P07:
When both birth weight and gestational age of the newborn are available, both should be coded with birth weight sequenced before gestational age.
Additional note: Codes from this chapter are only for use on the newborn or infant record, never on the mother’s record.

79. Coding Guideline Change Regarding Anemia Secondary to Malignancy
Currently in ICD-9-CM, if a patient is admitted for complications due to the malignancy, the complication, i.e., anemia, is the principal diagnosis.
In ICD-10-CM, if the patient is admitted for anemia associated with malignancy and the treatment is only for the anemia, the appropriate code for the malignancy is sequenced as the principal diagnosis followed by code D63.0 (anemia in neoplastic disease) as a secondary diagnosis.
Note! Docs will need to document whether the anemia is associated with the neoplasm or an adverse effect of the treatment associated with the malignancy.

80. Let’s Take a Sneak Peek At Procedure Coding In ICD-10! (ICD-10-PCS)

81. ICD-10 Procedures Only reported on “inpatient” hospital procedures.
Every procedure will be 7 characters (alphanumeric) with no decimal point.
Letters “I” and “O” are never used in
the actual procedure code.
3,000 ►71,920 procedure codes!

82. ICD-10-PCS Characters (Medical and Surgical Section)
Root
Section Operation Approach Qualifier
Body Body Device
System Part

83. (Via natural or artificial opening endoscopic)
Dissect ICD-10-PCS Code
Endoscopic Esophageal Excision
via Natural or Artificial Opening
ICD-9: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with Closed Biopsy D B 5 8 Z X
Section
(Medical/Surgical)
Body System
(Gastro-intestinal)
Root Operation
(Excision)
Body Part
(Esophagus)
Approach
(Via natural or artificial opening endoscopic)
Device
(No Device)
Qualifier
(Diagnostic)

84. Physician Documentation

85. New ICD-10 Documentation Requirements
ICD-10 impacts physician documentation in both the office and hospital settings.
Many physicians consider additional documentation requirements to be an unnecessary burden imposed by the mandated federal requirement of
transitioning to ICD-10.
But what will they really need to further document?

86. Document By “Specialty”
Documentation requirements will vary greatly by specialty.
For example, ICD-10-CM codes related to ophthalmology have changed little in scope whereas diagnosis codes related to the musculoskeletal system have increased dramatically.
Only focus on those diagnosis codes that your hospital and/or physician practice utilizes.
Note: The sheer # of codes in ICD-10-CM results in the code book that is over 1,100 pages with very small print!

87. Top 10 Documentation Tips!
Laterality (left vs. right) 25,000+ codes!
Stage/Episode of Care (initial, subsequent & sequela)
Stage of Disease (acute vs. chronic, severity of pressure ulcer)
Specific Anatomy (specific bone in the hand)
Associated and/or Related Conditions (diabetes with manifestation)
Cause of Injury (hit by baseball, fall)
Additional Symptoms or Conditions
Dominant vs. Non-Dominant Side
Tobacco Exposure or Use
Gustilo-Anderson Scale

88. How Will ICD-10-CM Impact The CC And MCC Lists?
“CC” = Complication and/or comorbidity
“MCC” = Major complication and/or comorbidity
CC List:
3,427 codes in the ICD-9-CM based version
Replaced by 13,594 codes in the ICD-10-CM based version
MCC List:
1,592 codes in the ICD-9-CM based version
Replaced by 3,152 codes in the ICD-10-CM based version
But does our medical record documentation support the coding of these diagnoses?

89. Physician Practices
ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes will impact every physician office. Large or small!
Look at all areas that will impact your practice and identify each one that will be affected:
Practice Management System
Electronic Medical Record (EMR)
Paper record
Lab requisitions
Superbill/encounter form – Does it have diagnosis codes on it?

90. More on the Superbill…
The use of the superbill as a way to capture or collect data for coding purposes probably will not be practical under ICD-10-CM.
Example: Although there are 33 codes for fractures of the radius in ICD-9-CM, most orthopedic practices superbill generally include only 6 codes or less. Coding often ‘defaults’ to one of these codes, even though another of the other 33 codes might have been more accurate.
Under ICD-10-CM there are 392 codes for fractures of the radius and there is simply not enough room to include these codes, + the thousands of other diagnosis codes on the superbill.

91. The Task Is Not As Huge As It Appears!
Although the coding book is “huge”, many physician practices use only a small set of diagnosis codes.
Work with physicians to develop crosswalks between
ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM codes they frequently use.
Begin discussions now with office staff and physicians to reduce anxiety (hospital & physician offices = TEAM)
In-depth training should occur at least 6 months prior
to the ‘go-live’ date.
Training should have both a general focus and then a practice-specific focus:
● Cardiology ● Orthopedic ● Internal Medicine
● Oncology ● General Surgery

92. ICD-10 Education
AHIMA estimates approximately 16 hours of coding training is needed for outpatient coders and 50 hours for inpatient coders.
Additional time may be needed to refresh anatomy & physiology fundamentals.
Need to allow time for practice, practice, practice!

93. Shortage Projections AHA & AHIMA
Type
ICD 9/minutes
ICD 10/minutes
Inpt acute care
8.99
15.99
Outpt acute care
4.18
9.03
Physician practice
3.04
6.70
Free standing ASC
2.27
4.82
Nursing/SNF
6.71
12.98
Rehab facility
4.97
10.94
Additional time projected by CMS
2 minutes additional for each encounter
30% estimated loss in productivity

94. Accreditation for Coders
AAPC (American Academy of Professional Coders)
Certified coders will have opportunity to take the ICD-10 proficiency exam beginning October 1, 2012 and must successfully complete the exam by September 30, 2015.
** Currently being re-evaluated due to the 1 year delay**
Must take and pass proficiency exam to maintain AAPC certification
► Online, timed, 75 questions, open book
► May use any resource available to complete
► $60 exam fee – includes ability to take the exam twice
AHIMA (American Health Information Management Association)
Continuing education hours with ICD-10-CM/PCS content will be required based on the specific AHIMA credential(s).
RHIA/RHIT - Required to least 6 CEUs
CCS-P credential – 12 CEUs
CCS credential – 18 CEUs
And many others…

95. That’s ICD-10-CM!

96. Day Egusquiza, President daylee1@mindspring. com www
Day Egusquiza, President Karen Kvarfordt, RHIA, CCS-P, CCDS AHIMA Certified ICD-10 Trainer President, DiagnosisPlus, Inc.