1. Chapter 7 - Quiz
Howard Gardner developed the theory of Multiple Intelligences and defines 8 different Intelligence Types. Name and define the type you think best describes you and why.
The text defines 3 different types of learning styles. Name the Learning Style you think best describes how you learn and why.
BONUS! Victor is not very structured, doesn’t like timelines, delays decisions, and plays before his work is done. Victor is a:
Thinker
Judger
Perceiver
Introvert
Feeler

2. Modest Proposal “Wordle”

3. Cornerstone: First Year Experience
Chapter Seven:
Learn

4. Four Types of People Don’t know, and don’t know they don’t know
Don’t know, and know they don’t know
Know, and know they know
Know, but don’t know they know

5. Learning how to learn
Dominant Intelligence + Preferred Learning Style +Personality Type = Active Learner

6. The Pig Personality Profile!

7. What is Learning? A cognitive mental action
Can be conscious and/or unconscious
Examples?
Can be formal (book smarts) or informal (street smarts)
Can be done in many ways

8. Historical Learning Theories
Case study (Confucius – 5th Centry BC):
Storytelling and discussion
Active learning (Lao-Tse – 4th Century BC):
Experience-based learning
Socratic method (Socrates – 300 BC):
Learning by asking questions to stimulate critical thinking
Dialectic method (Plato):
Learning by dialog – “The Searcher” and “The Expert”
Sensory learning (John Locke ):
Born a “blank slate” – we learn what our senses bring us

9. Historical Learning Theories
Learning styles (Rousseau ):
People learn best by experiencing rather than being told how to do things.
Learning should follow our basic instincts
Behaviorism (Watson – early 1900s):
Learning through conditioned response (Pavlov’s dog)
We act and learn in certain ways because we’ve been conditioned to do so.
Holistic learning (Piaget – mid 1900s):
Learning through experiencing a wide variety of stimuli – Reading, listening, experimenting, etc.
Mastery learning (Bloom ):
transforming simple information to new, complex ideas

10. The Learning Process in 6 Steps
Motivation to learn the Material – you must WANT to learn the material first.
Understand the material – you should be able to describe/discuss it – put it in your own words.
Internalize the material by asking – how does it affect me? Why is it important?
Apply the material by asking – How can I improve myself with this information? How do I practice what I’m learning?
Evaluate the material – determine it’s value? Is the research/source reliable?
Use the material – to grow and change.

11. Theory of Multiple Intelligences
Professor Howard Gardner (1983)
Eight intelligences everyone possesses
Not equal to traditional I.Q. measurement
Dominant intelligences are more well- developed
Other intelligences less-developed – but can be improved with practice and hard work.

12. Eight Areas of Intelligence
Visual/spatial – “picture smart”
Verbal/linguistic – “word smart”
Musical/rhythmatic – “music smart”
Logical/mathematical – “number smart”
Body/kinesthetic – “body smart”
Interpersonal – “people smart”
Intrapersonal – “self smart”
Naturalistic – “environment smart”

13. Learning Styles Theory
How do you best process information?
Three styles:
Visual – “eye smart”
Auditory – “ear smart”
Tactile/kinestetic – “action smart”
Taking the lead

14. Leveraging Learning Styles
Visual Learners
Start with the big picture, then examine the smaller details
Review a piece of information, close your eyes and try to visualize it
Draw pictures to help you visualize information
Color-code with highlighters
Auditory Learners
Where acceptable, record class and listen to the lecture again later.
Remember details by trying to “hear” previous discussions in your mind.
Participate in class discussion.
Tactile Learners
Master material/skill via imitation and practice
Study in 20 minute intervals, then take a 5 min break
Sit up front and take notes to stay focused

15. Keeping it all Straight
Learning style = how you best process information
Learning strategy = how you choose to study
Dominant intelligence = well-developed aspect of intelligence
Personality type = your preferences and patterns

16. Personality Typing
Carl Jung (1921) and Isabell Briggs-Myers and Kathernine Briggs (1942)
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
Human behavior is not random and patterns are caused by individual motivation and energies
Four major categories of personality
Where you draw your energy
How you learn and deal with information
How you make decisions
Lifestyle

17. How Do You Draw Your Energy?
Extroverts (E)– draw strength others and prefer to live in the outside world. Outgoing and love interaction and being the center of attention
Introverts (I) – draw strength from their inner world. Need alone time to energize. Often quiet and reflective. Make decisions by themselves and are private

18. How Do You Best Learn Information?
Sensers (S) – gather information through five senses. Like concrete facts and details. Have common sense. Focused on “what is”
Intuitives (N) – not as detail-oriented. Rely on gut feelings. Innovative and see possibilities. Focused on “what could be”.

19. How Do You Make Decisions?
Thinkers (T) – logical people. Analytical and do not make decisions based on emotion. Can sometimes be seen as insensitive and lacking compassion. Make decisions with head v. heart
Feelers (F) – like harmony and consider others’ opinions and feelings. Usually tactful and warm. Make decisions with heart v. head

20. How Do You Prefer to Live Your Life?
Judgers (J) – orderly people who prefer structure in their lives. Good at setting goals and sticking to them. Work before play.
Perceivers (P) – less structured and more spontaneous. Overextend themselves and do not like timelines. Play before work.

21. Sixteen Personality Types
ESTP – “the thinker”
ESFP – “the performer”
ENFP – “The inspirer”
ENTP – “the visionary”
ESTJ – “the guardian”
ESFJ – “the caregiver”
ENFJ – “the giver”
ENTJ – “the executive”
ISTJ – “the dutiful”
ISFJ – “the nurturer”
INFJ – “the protector”
INTJ – “the scientist”
ISTP – “the mechanic”
ISFP – “the artist”
INFP – “the idealist”
INTP – “the thinker”

22. Chapter Reflections
Get involved in a variety of learning and social situations
Use your less dominant areas in order to strengthen them
Read more about personality typing and learning styles
Surround yourself with others who learn differently than you
Try new ways of learning and studying
By understanding how you process information, you can dramatically your ability to learn.