1. Geography Review
Geography Handbook

2. Daily SPI 1)

3. OBJECTIVES: STANDARDS: Examine the 5 themes of geography.
Identify various maps and their usage.
Identify ways in which the geography of the United States has affected its development.
STANDARDS:
Standard: Understand how to use maps, globes, and other geographic representations, tool, and technologies to acquire process and report information from a spatial perspective.
Standard: 3.02 – Know the location of places and geographic features, both physical and human, in Tennessee and in the United States.
Standard: 3.03 – Recognize the interaction between human and physical systems.

4. plateau Prairie Cliff Flood Plain Desert Sea Level Oasis Swamp Mesa
You need to know the following landforms. Define each, use in a sentence, and draw a small picture.
plateau
Prairie
Desert
Oasis
Mesa
Mountain
Canyon
Glacier
Cliff
Flood Plain
Sea Level
Swamp
Delta
Marsh
Harbor
Cape
Valley

5. Geography is the study of people, their environment, and their resources.
The best place to begin a study of American History is by studying its geography.
Geographers help historians understand the past by showing how people and the land are related.

6. Five Themes of Geography
Location
Place
Regions
Movement
Human-Environment Interaction

7. Location
ABSOLUTE - Using latitude and longitude to give the coordinates of a place. The purpose of latitude and longitude is to find the exact location of a place.
RELATIVE - Describes where a certain area is in relation to another area.

8. North Pole
90 degrees North
Equator
0 degrees
Latitude N E W
South Pole S
90 degrees South

9. 10 degrees
West
10 degrees
East
There are
180 longitude
lines west
There are
180 longitude
lines east N E W
0 degrees longitude
Prime Meridian S

10. Lines Longitude lines run north and south.
Latitude lines run east and west.
The lines measure distances in degrees.
Latitude
Longitude

11. Where is 0 degree? Equator The equator is 0 degree latitude.
It is an imaginary belt that runs halfway point between the North Pole and the South Pole.
Equator

12. P R I M E D A N
Where is 0 degree?
The prime meridian is 0 degrees longitude. This imaginary line runs through the United Kingdom, France, Spain, western Africa, and Antarctica.

14. Latitude and Longitude
When finding latitude and longitude if the location is in North America it will always be North latitude and West Longitude.
Latitude first then longitude
Ex) 37’N / 144’ W

15. Time Zones
The Earth is divided into 24 time zones, corresponding to 24 hours in a day.
As the earth rotates, the sun shines in different areas, moving from east to west during the course of a day.
Places that have the same longitude will be in the same time zone.

17. Hemispheres
By using the equator and prime meridian, we can divide the world into four hemispheres, north, south, east, and west.

19. Relative Locations
When finding relative locations you write down North, South, East, West, Northwest, Northeast, Southeast, or Southwest.
Ex) Clarksville is northwest of Nashville.
Ex) Boston is _________ of New York City (northeast) or I live outside of Boston.

20. Map Basics
Physical Maps shows land or physical features. Examples mountains, rivers, plains, islands, valley, oasis, etc.
Political Maps shows countries, states, towns, etc.
Historical Maps illustrate things like economic actives, battles, migration, etc.

21. Map Basics
Compass Rose
Map Scales
Map key or legend.

22. Source: http://aerocompass.larc.nasa.gov
Compass Rose
The needle on a compass is magnetized to point to the earth's north magnetic pole. Thus with a compass, a person can roughly tell which direction they are headed.
There are four major or cardinal directions on a compass- north, south, east & west. In between are the directions northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest.
Source:

23. Directions The cardinal directions are north, south, east, and west.
The intermediate directions are northeast, southeast, southwest and northwest.
They help describe the location of places in relation to other places.

24. Scale
Maps are made to scale; that is, there is a direct connection between a unit of measurement on the map and the actual distance.
For example, each inch on the map represents one mile on Earth. So, a map of a town would show a mile-long strip of fast food joints and auto dealers in one inch.

25. Scale

26. Map Legends
The legend is the key to unlocking the secrets of a map. Objects or colors in the legend represent something on the map.
Religions Legend

27. Can you understand this legend?

28. Age Expectancy
Legend

29. Map Basics
Projection is a way of showing the curved surface of the earth on a flat map.
Types of projection - Mercator & Robinson
Mercator
Robinson

30. PLACE
Place refers to the physical and human factors that makes one area different from another.

31. Physical Characteristics
Natural features
Physical setting
Plants
Animals
Weather

32. Physical Features
Two physical features that separates the United States from the rest of the world are the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

34. HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS
Cultural diversity
Language
Arts
Architecture

36. REGIONS ARE Areas that share common characteristics.
Political division, climate, language, religion.
Regions can be as large as a continent or as small as your neighborhood.

37. MOVEMENT
The shifting of people, goods, and ideas from one place to another.

38. Movement
Reasons for human movement includes things like jobs, natural disasters, death, political unrest, climate.
Movement also deals with trading goods between countries, like the U.S. exporting goods to Mexico or trying to spread DEMOCRACY in Iraq.
Travel by plane, ship, railroad deals with the theme of MOVEMENT.

39. Human-Environment Interaction
Refers to ways people interact with their environment.

40. Human-Environment Interaction
The environment effects people by determining the type of clothes one wears because of the climate, the type of foods one eats, and your housing.
Humans also effect the environment by changing things like building a dam to provide electricity or water to an area. Humans also pollute water, air, and land. Humans also build things like railroads, streets, that change the environment.

41. Location worksheet due Tuesday
Homework
Finish vocabulary - define the word in your own words and come up with a clue to help you remember the term.
Location worksheet due Tuesday

42. Match the term with its definition
Dry area where few plants grow.
Flat land near rivers, formed by mud.
Wide, flat topped mountain.
Large, level grassland with few or no trees.
Fertile land in a desert.
Steep, almost vertical edge of hill, mountain, or plain.
Soft, wet, low-lying grassland.
Flat area of land higher than the land around it.
Pointed piece of land extending into water.
Narrow, deep valley with steep sides.
plateau
Prairie
Desert
Oasis
Mesa
Cape
Canyon
Marsh
Cliff
Flood Plain