1. Chemical Reactions and Enzymes

2. I. What are enzymes? Your body has lots of reactions!
Enzymes: special protein catalysts that speed
up specific reactions
End in ASE
Ex. Lactase digest lactose

3. The energy needed to get a reaction started
Activation Energy:
The energy needed to get a reaction started

4. III. Lower the Activation Energy
Activation energy is the “start up” energy of a reaction
They do not raise the temp!
Increase the frequency that the reactants come together to react!

5. Enzymes Without Enzyme With Enzyme Free Energy
Progress of the reaction
Reactants
Products
Free energy of activation

6. IV. Enzymes are Specific
The shape of each enzyme fits the
shape of what its acting on
SUBSTRATE:
the reactant that connects with
enzyme
ACTIVE SITE:
area where the substrate and
enzyme meet up

8. V. Lock and key model Lock is the enzyme Key is the substrate
The lock hole is the
active site

9. Enzymes can only catalyze 1 reaction because they only allow substrates with one particular shape to bond
oes not fit!

10. Factors that Affect the Enzyme Performance
Temperature pH
Salinity
Concentration of enzyme or substrate

11. Temperature
Enzymes are PROTEIN
Heat too high they can denature

12. pH Enzymes work best at an ‘optimal’ pH Proteins they can denature
Trypsin

13. Salinity Too much salt will cause the enzyme
(protein) to denature, changing its shape
so it will not function

14. Other factors Concentration of enzyme and concentration of
substrate will affect how many reactions can
occur.
Reactions depend on the limiting factor!

15. Enzymes are Reusable Enzymes will speed the reaction for a substrate
It will release the
product and will work on
another substrate

16. Examples Life is not possible without enzymes! !!!!!!! Lipase Protease
Lactase
Sucrase
Amylase
Life is not possible without enzymes! !!!!!!!