1. pH, Acids and Bases

2. pH? What is that??
pH: a mathematical measure of hydrogen ions and hydroxide groups in a solution

3. Measuring pH A solution is “acidic” if the pH is less than 7
A solution is “basic” if the pH is more than 7

4. Measuring pH
pH scale- measures how acidic, basic, or neutral a substance is
Ranges from 0-14
pH of 7= neutral
pH of less than 7= acidic
pH of more than 7= basic

5. Basic

6. What does this have to do with water?
Pure distilled water is neutral (pH=7)
When chemicals are mixed with water, the mixture can be acidic or basic
The pH of a sample of water determines its quality

7. Acids Sour taste Conduct Electricity Red on pH paper Burn skin
Contain Hydrogen Ions H+
Always willing to give a Hydrogen ion
Characteristics of Acids:
Sour taste
Conduct Electricity
Red on pH paper
Burn skin

8. Bases Contain OH- groups / Hydroxides
Always willing to accept a hydrogen ion
Characteristics
Slippery Feeling
Conduct Electricity
Blue on pH paper
Burn skin

9. Neutralization H+ + OH- H20
When an acid and a base react, this is called a neutralization.
The acid and the base balance each other out and move towards neutral (think average).
The byproduct of neutralization is always water and any type of salt.
H+ + OH- H20

10. Neutralization Examples:
Strong Acid + Weak Base = Water and Acidic Salt
Weak Acid + Strong Base = Water and Basic Salt
Strong Acid + Strong Base = Water and Neutral Salt

11. Lab activity Ammonia Milk Vinegar Lemon juice Milk of Magnesia
Hydrochloric Acid
Rubbing Alcohol
Bleach
Tap Water

12. Common Items and their pH