1. From Versailles to Pearl Harbor: The Road to War and the US Response

2. The Great American debate over Interventionism or Isolation-1936-40
1.Interventionism argument- believed the US should support the Allies against Hitler in any way except actually entering the war.

3. The Great American debate over Interventionism or Isolation-1936-40
2. Isolationism/neutrality argument- believed the US should completely stay out of the war

4. TRADITIONAL U.S. FOREIGN POLICY WAS TO AVOID FOREIGN ENTANGLEMENTS
“It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world”
FOREIGN ENTANGLEMENTS: GEORGE WASHINGTON IN 1796 CAUTIONED THE NATION TO STAY OUT OF WORLD (EUROPEAN) AFFAIRS AND NOT GET INVOLVED IN THEIR WARS. IT WAS U.S. FOREIGN POLICY TO AVOID THESE ENTANGLEMENTS AFTER WW I.
PRESIDENT WASHINGTON, 1796

5. Event 1: Germany faces economic collapse
Germany severely punished for WWI in Versailles Treaty
land in Europe and colonies in Africa taken away
War Guilt Clause
No air force or navy allowed
Only allowed 100,000 troops
Had to pay $32 Billion to the countries it fought in WW I

6. Event 1: Germany faces economic collapse
Germans like Adolf Hitler began to blame others for the economic problems- Jews

7.   US Response
US leaders favored isolationism again in 1920s-1930’s
US insisted Germany repay war debts to the European nations
Dawes Plan: USA loaned money to Germany to pay back war reparations
Germany went deeper into debt and never repaid

8. MEIN KAMPF: BOOK BY HITLER ON HIS POLITICAL VIEWS
MEIN KAMPF: BOOK BY HITLER ON HIS POLITICAL VIEWS. IN THE BOOK HE BLAMED JEWS AND COMMUNISTS FOR ALL OF GERMANY'S PROBLEMS. THE BOOK LAID OUT HIS PLANS FOR WORLD CONQUEST.
COVER PAGE OF GERMAN EDITIONS OF MEIN KAMPF WRITTEN IN WHILE HITLER WAS IMPRISONED FOR STAGING A REVOLT

9. Event 2: The Rise of Adolph Hitler
MEIN KAMPF: book by Hitler blaming Jews and communists for all of Germany's problems.
plans for world conquest.
Formed the Nazi Party to promote his views
wanted to create a “master race” of Aryans: white western and northern Europeans with blue or green eyes and blonde hair.
Hitler did not have blonde hair or blue eyes.

10. Hitler as a baby and young boy

11. Hitler at the height of his power 1938
                                                                         

12. Hitler
                     
                                                                      

13. EXAMPLES OF NAZI ANTISEMITISM
ANTI-SEMITISM: HATRED AND PREJUDICE AGAINST JEWS. HITLER AND THE NAZI'S WERE VICIOUSLY ANTI-SEMITIC BLAMING JEWS FOR ALL THE PROBLEMS IN THE WORLD. WHEN THEY GAINED POWER THEY MURDERED 6 MILLION JEWS. FIRST PICTURE SHOWS JEWS AND AFRICANS TOGETHER.
Hitler believed that US society was weak by nature
Hitler believed American military was polluted by too many blacks and Jews
Break to video
FINAL SOLUTION TO THE JEWISH PROBLEM

14. Which German city hosted the 1936 Olympics?
Berlin

15. How many gold medals did African American Jesse Owens win during the 1936 Olympics

16. US Response to the Rise of Hitler
FDR, like Hitler, elected in the same year (1932)
FDR focused more on solving the America’s economic depression-who cares about Germany!?
Military spending not a priority- USA military 15th largest in the world in 1935

17. FDR (Franklin Delano Roosevelt)

18. What did FDR use to help Americans face the conditions of Great Depression together?______________
Fireside chats, newsreels, photos

19. What 2 things did Hitler use in Germany to get out his message?
Radios/messages played over loud speakers
Propaganda Films

20. What was the title of Hitler’s book
Mein Kampf

21. Event 3: The Rise of Fascism in Italy
Benito Mussolini “Il Duce” (The Leader)
Totalitarian dictator of Italy
Led the Fascists -the nation and the Italian race more important than the individual
October Italy invaded Ethiopia

22. Mussolini and Hitler-allies-Hitler admired Mussolini

23. US Response
The Neutrality Acts: , US Congress passed a series of isolationist laws- forbid the sale of arms to militarily aggressive nations, like Italy and Ethiopia

24. Event 4: The Rise of Militarism in Japan
Japan had a desire expand- to acquire raw materials,
Japanese militarists: Emperor is a god
wanted Japan to remove the US and all European colonial powers from the Pacific realm and rule Asia themselves
Militarists: a strong military (army, navy, air force) should be the most important goal for Japan (Nipon)
foreign conquest- a badge of honor for military leaders

25. Event 4: The Rise of Japanese Militarism
1905-took over Manchuria, China and all of Korea
1930s Chinese cities of Shanghai and Beijing attacked and people massacred
1937- Japan invaded china- the “Rape of Nanking” (400,000 murdered; 20,000 women raped)

26. Hirohito was the last Japanese emperor to uphold the idea that Japan’s imperial rulers were gods

27. A Japanese Soldier prepares to behead a man in Nanking, China (left)’ soldier holds a severed head (right)

28. THE JAPANESE USED BOMBING TO TERRORIZE CHINA’s CIVILIAN POPULATION
THE JAPANESE USED BOMBING TO TERRORIZE CHINA’s CIVILIAN POPULATION. THEY WERE NEVER SUCCESSFUL IN CONQUERING THE WHOLE COUNTRY
CHINESE BABY BURNED AFTER JAPANESE BOMBERS STRIKE SHANGHAI IN 1937
THE JAPANESE USED INDISCRIMINATE BOMBING TO TERRORIZE CHINA. THEY WERE NEVER SUCCESSFUL IN CONQUERING THE WHOLE COUNTRY.

29. Chinese Rape Victims of the Japanese

30. US Response to the Rise of Japanese Militarism
FDR protested the invasions
sent $25 million to Chiang Kai Shek to fight Japs
A US volunteer flying squadron arrived of “Flying Tigers” and fought the Japs
Cancelled 1911 Peace Treaty w/ Japan
Still no official military intervention- isolationism/neutral

31. Event 5: Hitler annexed The Rhineland, the Sudetenland and Austria to become a part of Germany ( )

32. EUROPEAN LEADERS AT THE MUNICH CONFERENCE THAT GAVE THE SUDETENLAND TO HITLER. A PRIME EXAMPLE OF APPEASEMENT. NO REPRESENTATIVE FROM CZECHOSLOVAKIA WAS INVITED TO ATTEND.
SPEECH BY HITLER
NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN
EDOUARD DALADIER
NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN: BRITISH PRIME MINISTER WHO WAS AN ADVOCATE OF APPEASEMENT AND ENGINEERED THE MUNICH CONFERENCE. SOUND CLIP IS HITLER’S SPEECH (WITH TRANSLATION) AFTER THE MUNICH CONFERENCE. CLICK TO HEAR THE SPEECH.
EDOUARD DALADIER: FRENCH PREMIER WHO WENT ALONG WITH CHAMBERLAIN ON APPEASEMENT

33. The Nazis then Overran all of Czechoslovakia

34. FDR: “the US government has no political involvements in Europe”
US Response
FDR: “the US government has no political involvements in Europe”
US continued to stay neutral- stayed out of the negotiations

35. MARCH 1939: HITLER TOOK OVER THE REST OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA IN VIOLATION OF THE MUNICH CONFERENCE AGREEMENT. THIS SHOWED HITLER WAS A LIAR AND COULD NOT BE TRUSTED. BRITAIN AND FRANCE REALIZED THAT HITLER WAS A LIAR AND THEY HAD TO PREPARE FOR WAR.
WHAT NATION WOULD BE HITLER’S NEXT TARGET FOR INVASION?

36. Event 6: The Invasion of Poland/Nazi-Soviet Pact
Next, Hitler wanted parts of Poland
Nazi-Soviet Pact of Hitler and Soviet leader Josef Stalin agreed to divide up Poland and not attack each other

37. Hitler and Stalin-Many Wondered How Long the Honeymoon would last-it didn’t

38. US Neutrality continued
US RESPONSE
US tried to get President Moscicki of Poland and Hitler to negotiate, work out a peaceful settlement
US Neutrality continued

39. Event 7: World War 2 Begins
September 1, 1939: Germany and the USSR invaded Poland
Luftwaffe- German airforce
Blitzkrieg- lightening warfare, intensive attack involving land and airforces

40. ON SEPTEMBER 17 THE USSR, IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE NONAGGRESSION PACT, INVADED POLAND FROM THE EAST.

41. TOOLS OF THE BLITZKRIEG
BLITZKRIEG: NEW GERMAN ATTACK STRATEGY THAT USED DIVE-BOMBERS, MECHANIZED (RIDING IN TRUCKS OR HALF-TRACKS) INFANTRY AND MOBILE ARTILLERY TO SURROUND AND DESTROY ENEMY FORMATIONS

42. Event 8: World War 2 Begins
Polish armies defeated in less than 3 weeks
Britain and France declared war on Germany

43. HITLER Next CONQUERed DENMARK, NORWAY, NETHERLANDS, BELGIUM, AND LUXEMBOURG-HITLER SURPRISED THE ALLIES BY HAVING HIS MAIN INVASION THROUGH LUXEMBOURG AND THE ARGONNE FOREST, AFTER FEINTING AN ATTACK THROUGH BELGIUM WHICH DREW THE ALLIED FORCES NORTH.
HITLER SURPRISED THE ALLIES BY HAVING HIS MAIN INVASION THROUGH LUXEMBOURG AND THE ARGONNE FOREST, AFTER FEINTING AN ATTACK THROUGH BELGIUM WHICH DREW THE ALLIED FORCES NORTH.

44. HITLER’S INVASION OF NORTHWESTERN EUROPE
ONE
THREE
THIS MAP ILLUSTRATES HITLER’S PLAN FOR WINNING THE WAR IN NW EUROPE. ARROW ONE: HITLER’S FIRST ATTACK DESIGNED TO DRAW ALLIED FORCES INTO BELGIUM; ARROW TWO ALLIED TROOPS MOVE INTO BELGIUM TO FIGHT HITLER’S TROOPS; ARROW THREE HITLER’S MAIN ATTACK COMES THROUGH THE ARDENNES FOREST, CONSIDERED IMPASSABLE BY THE ALLIES AND DRIVES TO THE COAST THREATENING TO TRAP BRITISH AND FRENCH ARMIES IN BELGIUM.
TWO

45. FRENCH AND BRITISH TROOPS TRAPPED AT DUNKIRK THE ALLIES WERE TRAPPED AND HAD TO EVACUATE THROUGH THE PORT OF DUNKIRK. “Wars are not won by evacuations”-Winston Churchill
THIS MAP SHOWS THAT THE GERMAN STRATEGY WORKED. THE ALLIES WERE TRAPPED AND HAD TO EVACUATE THROUGH THE PORT OF DUNKIRK.

46. AFTER THE GERMANS LEFT DUNKIRK, THEY TURNED SOUTH AND DEFEATED THE REMAINING FRENCH ARMIES
JUNE 22, 1940, FRANCE SURRENDERED TO GERMANY. GERMANY WAS MASTER OF ALL EUROPEAN CONTINENT, ITS FACTORIES AND RESOURCES, WITH EXCEPTION OF THE USSR. Only England remained Free.
JUNE 22, 1940, FRANCE SURRENDERED TO GERMANY. GERMANY WAS MASTER OF ALL EUROPE, ITS FACTORIES AND RESOURCES, WITH EXCEPTION OF THE USSR.

47. GERMAN TROOPS ENTER PARIS

48. FRENCH WEEP AS THE GERMANS MARCH INTO PARIS
FRENCH MOURN AS THE GERMANS MARCH INTO PARIS.

49. HITLER VISITS PARIS FOR THE FIRST AND LAST TIME

50. AUGUST 1940: WHICH NATION WILL BE HITLER’S NEXT TARGET FOR CONQUEST?
ASK STUDENTS TO ANALYZE THE MAP. WHAT COUNTRY WILL BE HITLER’S NEXT TARGET?

51. US Response to Start of WW 2 in Europe
US Pledged Support for France and Britain-money and weapons
Put a trade Embargo on Soviet Union
Got rid of the Neutrality Acts
80% of Americans opposed entry to the war, but most said it was important do what we can to defeat Hitler than stay out of the war

52. GREAT BRITAIN GETS A NEW PRIME MINISTER: WINSTON CHURCHILL
“We shall never, ever surrender”
WINSTORN CHURCHILL: HE BECAME PRIME MINISTER OF THE UK IN 1940 AND VOWED NEVER TO SURRENDER TO HITLER BUT FIGHT ON TO VICTORY. SOUND IS CHURCHILL’S FAMOUS “FIGHT ON THE BEACHES” SPEECH.

53. Event 9: The Battle of Britain
Britain bombarded by the Luftwaffe
Winston Churchill: “I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat”
The Blitz: ( ) 76 straight nights of German bombing raids on British cities
Hitler’s Goal: cripple Britain to its knees by bombing and then invade by land

54. AIR RAID WARDEN WATCHED FOR GERMAN BOMBERS ATOP LONDON BUILDING
Britain still survived
The Blitz failed
Churchill still felt there was a chance to beat Hitler if only America would enter the war
AIR RAID WARDEN WATCHED FOR GERMAN BOMBERS ATOP LONDON BUILDING

55. LONDON DOCKS BURN AFTER GERMAN RAID

56. LONDONERS SLEEP UNDERGROUND IN SUBWAY STATIONS TO AVOID THE BOMBS

57. CHILDREN IN FRONT OF THEIR DESTROYED HOME. WHERE ARE THEIR PARENTS?

58. US Response
* Lend-Lease Act (“The Declaration Interdependence)- literally gave military aid to Britain for free- “garden hose analogy” -$50 billion in aid sent to Britain
Germans attacked American destroyers taking supplies to Britain

59. THE UNITED STATES BECOMES INVOLVED BY SUPPLING WAR MATERIALS FOR THE ALLIES
DESTROYER DEAL: SEPT FDR TRADED 50 US WW I DESTROYERS (SHIPS GEARED TO DESTROY SUBMARINES) FOR BRITISH BASES IN CANADA AND THE CARIBBEAN
LEND LEASE ACT: MARCH 1941, ALLOWED THE PRESIDENT TO SELL, LEND OR LEASE WAR MATERIALS TO ANY NATION WHOSE DEFENSE WAS VITAL TO US SECURITY. IN REALITY THE US GAVE WEAPONS ONLY TO THE UK AND ABANDONED NEUTRALITY.
Break for “Over the Edge” video segment

60. America in WW 2 AP US History
The Homefront
America in WW 2
AP US History
Break for the Homefront video

61. 1. What event occurred on December 7, 1941?
Pearl Harbor was attacked by the Japanese

62. Event 9: The Bombing of Pearl Harbor
Japan continued to expand in the Pacific Region, threatening our supplies of raw materials
Rome-Tokyo-Berlin Axis formed in 1940
General Tojo became prime minister of Japan- wanted to expand Japan’s empire even more

63. JAPAN CONQUESTS: JAPAN BEGAN TAKING OVER PARTS OF ASIA AFTER WWII STARTED AND THE USA TRIED TO GET THEM TO STOP.
JAPAN CONQUESTS: JAPAN BEGAN TAKING OVER PARTS OF ASIA AFTER WWII STARTED AND THE USA TRIED TO GET THEM TO STOP.
RAW MATERIALS: COAL, RUBBER, TIN, WOOD, IRON ORE, OIL, FOOD, CHEMICALS, JAPAN HAD VERY FEW RAW MATERIALS AND NEEDED TO IMPORT THEM TO KEEP HER ECONOMY GOING. JAPAN DECIDED TO CONQUER OTHER ASIAN NATIONS TO GET THESE NEEDED RAW MATERIALS.

64. Event 10: The Bombing of Pearl Harbor
FDR ended all trade with Japan, froze Japanese assets in the US
December 7, 1941: Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii- goal was to destroy the US Navy Pacific fleet
2,300 Americans killed, 8 battleships, 188 planes and 10 other ships destroyed

65. PEARL HARBOR: ON DECEMBER 7TH 1941 THE JAPANESE LAUNCHED A SNEAK ATTACK ON US MILITARY FACILITIES IN THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. THE US WAS CAUGHT UNPREPARED AND MUCH DAMAGE WAS DONE. SOUND IS THE ACTUAL CBS ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE ATTACK.
PEARL HARBOR: ON DECEMBER 7TH 1941 THE JAPANESE LAUNCHED A SNEAK ATTACK ON US MILITARY FACILITIES IN THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. THE US WAS CAUGHT UNPREPARED AND MUCH DAMAGE WAS DONE. SOUND IS THE ACTUAL CBS ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE ATTACK. CLICK TO HEAR THE SOUND.

66. · FDR’s govt was under negotiation with the Japanese before the attack
  US Response
· FDR’s govt was under negotiation with the Japanese before the attack
· “ A date that will live in infamy”- Dec 7, 1941

69. The Sinking of the USS Arizona

70. Pearl Harbor

71. FDR Asks Congress For a Declaration of War

72. US Response
Congress declared war on Japan, Germany and Italy (Dec. 8th)
The end of Isolationism- The attack on Pearl Harbor aroused and united America as nothing else could have done.

73. 2. How many Americans perished at Pearl Harbor?

74. 3. Besides the Japanese, who also declared war on the United States?
Germany
Italy

75. 4. Who won most of the early battles in the Pacific-Japan or the US?

76. THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC FROM PEARL HARBOR TO MIDWAY
JAPANESE ADVANCES
JAPAN INVADES DUTCH BORNEO, TIMOR, CELEBES, JAN. 11
SINGAPORE FALLS, 36,000 JAPANESE CAPTURE 85,000 ALLIED SOLDIERS, FEB. 15TH
RANGOON AND BURMA CAPTURED ON MAR. 10TH
US SURRENDERS THE PHILIPPINES ON MAY 6TH
JAPANESE PORT MORESBY INVASION FLEET TURNED BACK AT NAVAL BATTLE OF CORAL SEA ON MAY 7TH

77. 5. Describe how women helped the war effort by 1942-43.
Women went to work in large numbers in the factories building ships and weapons for the war

78. 6. How many women were working during the war?
19 million
The Rosie the Riveter poster “We Can Do It” became the iconic representation of the patriotic American woman working in the factories during WW 2

79. 7. How many days during the war did it take to build a ship?

80. 8. What things did Americans have to ration?
1. gas
2. tires
3. Scrap metal
4. Rubber toys

81. 9. How were the “Japs” portrayed on American newsreels?
As villains, demonized, they tossed babies on bayonets
American Wartime propaganda
Analyze a wartime propaganda cartoon- “Bugs Nips the Nips” and Popeye

82. THESE POSTERS WERE PUT UP IN LOS ANGELES, INSTRUCTING PEOPLE OF JAPANESE DESCENT, CITIZENS AND NON-CITIZENS ALIKE, TO REPORT TO THE CIVIL CONTROL STATION TO BE DEPORTED TO THE CAMPS
THE GOVERNMENT INTERNED MORE THAN 110,000 PEOPLE OF JAPANESE DESCENT, BOTH CITIZENS AND NON-CITIZENS. THIS WAS DONE TO PREVENT SABOTAGE AND ESPIONAGE BY THE JAPANESE AMERICANS LIVING ON THE WEST COAST. THE MILITARY INVESTIGATED REPORTS OF SUBVERSIVE ACTIVITIES BY JAPANESE AMERICANS AND NONE WAS EVER FOUND TO BE TRUE. .

83. Why Intern Japanese Americans?
the government interned more than 120,000 people of Japanese descent, both citizens and non-citizens.
this was done to prevent sabotage and espionage by the Japanese Americans living on the west coast.
the military investigated reports of traitorous activities by Japanese Americans and none was ever found to be true.
1988-US government paid reparations of $20,000 to all surviving Japanese-Americans still alive

84. JAPANESE AMERICAN GIRL WAITS WITH ALL OF HER FAMILY’S BELONGINGS TO BE EVACUATED TO AN INTERNMENT CAMP

85. JAPANESE INTERNMENT CAMPS THE DOTS REPRESENT THE LOCATION OF THE CAMPS

86. CANAL CAMP, AZ
MANZANAR, CA
CRYSTAL CREEK, TX
GILA, AZ

87. Korematsu v. The United States
Sued the US government over the internment in 1944
Court 6-3 ruled the internment was constitutional
Civil Liberties in time of war can be restricted

88. President Ronald Reagan signs the official reparation order 1988

89. There was fear that they would give aid to a Japanese invasion force
10. Why were Japanese Americans under Executive Order 9066 mandated to be removed from the West Coast?
There was fear that they would give aid to a Japanese invasion force

90. 11. How many Japanese Americans were relocated to internment camps?
120,000

91. 12. What male singer became a major idol/heartthrob to many American women during the war?
Frank Sinatra

92. 13. Why were families back home not given the full truth of the realities of the war from letters?
The government didn’t want people back home to get the impression we were losing; wanted to keep everyone in support of the war

93. 14. How many continents did American soldiers fight on?
3 (Three)

94. The Last Days of WW

95. 15. What was the date the Allies invaded the German-held French beaches of Normandy (the largest military operation in US military history)?
June 6, 1944

96. 16. What was the day called?
D-Day

97. 17. What French city was liberated 2 months after the great invasion day
Paris

98. D-DAY INVASION BEACHES

99. D-DAY: THE ALLIED INVASION OF NAZI OCCUPIED WESTERN EUROPE
D-Day Statistics
General Dwight D. Eisenhower Allied supreme commander
Nine allied divisions invaded on D-Day, 3 airborne and 6 infantry, 150,000 soldiers
12,000 planes
5,000 ships escorted the invasion force
20,000 troops were landed by air either parachute or gliders (101st Airborne division) to protect the flanks of the invasion force from German counterattacks
Shoulder sleeve insignia are of the American units, division and above, that were involved in the Normandy invasion on June 6, 1944.

100. A HEAVY PRICE WAS PAID FOR BY US SOLDIERS IN THE SUCCESSFUL INVASION OF FRANCE

101. THOUSANDS OF TROOPS ARRIVED IN FRANCE ON TOWED GLIDERS
THOUSANDS OF TROOPS ARRIVED IN FRANCE ON TOWED GLIDERS. MANY CRASHED, KILLING THEIR PILOTS AND PASSENGERS.

102. A HEAVY PRICE WAS PAID FOR THE SUCCESSFUL INVASION OF FRANCE

103. MAP OF ALLIED BREAK OUT FROM NORMANDY: OPERATION COBRA

104. ALLIES ADVANCE RAPIDLY ACROSS FRANCE AFTER BREAKING OUT OF NORMANDY IN OPERATION COBRA.

105. US TROOPS MARCH IN A VICTORY PARADE AFTER THE LIBERATION OF PARIS IN LATE AUGUST 1944

106. Hitler's Last Days/ End of WW II in Europe
Hitler’s 2nd in command Heinrich Himmler committed suicide after capture
Several attempts were made on Hitler's life during the war, but each plot was foiled
The war for Germany appeared to be inevitably lost as the US and its allies surrounded and then invaded Germany after the last German Offensive (The Battle of the Bulge)
Hitler’s hand-picked lieutenants, seeing the futility, defied his orders or committed suicide

107. The Battle of the Bulge
Unternehmen Wacht am Rhein (in English: "Operation Watch on the Rhine")
19,000 Americans killed in action
was the single largest and bloodiest battle that American forces experienced in World War II and in all US Military history (89,000 casualties)

108. Hitler ends his own life
Hitler and his beloved dog Blondi
* With allied forces surrounding Berlin, Hitler and his longtime mistress Eva Braun turned wife committed suicide in their underground bunker in Berlin on April 30, 1945

109. Eva Braun Hitler (wife of the Fuhrer)

110. The Nazis Surrender
Roosevelt (USA), Churchill (Britain), and Stalin (Russia) made arrangements for post-war Europe at the Yalta Conference in February 1945
American, British, French and Russian forces eventually surrounded Berlin in late April of 1945
On May 7th, the Nazis surrendered; VE-Day (Victory in Europe Day)

111. PRESIDENT FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT DIED ON APRIL 12 1945

112. Harry S. Truman becomes President

113. Finishing off Japan May-August 1945

114. KAMIKAZE ATTACKS
Kamikazes were the suicide attacks the Japanese began late in the war when they realized they could not defeat conventional US forces.
there were other types of kamikaze vehicles as well. These included small boats, flying human missiles or ohkas, human torpedoes and even the great battleship Yamato.

115. PICTURES OF KAMIKAZES, AND US SHIPS HIT BY SUICIDE PLANES SPRING-SUMMER 1945

116. US losses at both battles
BATTLE OF OKINAWA: the horrendous losses the us suffered at Iwo Jima and Okinawa combined with the devastating kamikaze attacks would only be a prelude to the slaughter that would happen when the US invaded Japanese home islands
All combined kamikaze operations combined sunk thirty-four ships, and damaged 288 ships
The most damage done by kamikaze’s was at Okinawa where suicide planes sank 30 ships and damages 130 more
The huge losses and the estimated one million US casualities in the planned invasion of Japan led President Harry Truman to decide on the use of the atomic bomb to end the war quickly.
US losses at both battles

117. OKINAWA ALEUTIAN ISLANDS
OKINAWA WAS CONSIDERED ONE OF THE JAPANESE HOME ISLANDS AND WOULD BE DEFENDED FANATICALLY. THE CAPTURE OF OKINAWA WOULD GIVE THE US AN ADVANCED BASE FOR THE INVASION OF JAPAN.

118. The Surrender and Defeat of Japan
Japan –refused to surrender despite nightly firebombing of its cities such as Tokyo and Yokohama
The Allies were planning a massive 2-part invasion of Japan code-named Operation Downfall to begin on X-Day, November 1, 1945 and end with Y-Day on March 1, 1946
The invasion would have included troops from the USA, Canada, Britain and Australia

120. Why did Truman decide to drop the Atomic Bombs on Japan?
To bring the war to a swifter end.
The battle for Okinawa had shown that an D-Day type of invasion of the Japanese mainland (planned for November) would result in large numbers of American casualties. The official estimate given to the Secretary of War was 1 million Allied casualties, though some historians dispute whether this would have been the case.
Invasion would also have meant the death of tens of millions of Japanese soldiers and civilians, who were being trained as militia.
The Japanese were refusing to surrender (to surrender is a dishonor)-break for Pacific scene from Okinawa

121. The Atomic Bombs
Manhattan Project-secret project assisted by the minds of Tesla and Einstein
Potsdam Ultimatum: Truman to Japan-surrender now or face ultimate destruction
Two bombs were used-Little Boy (dropped on Hiroshima) and Fat Man (dropped on Nagasaki)

122. MODEL OF “LITTLE BOY” ATOMIC BOMB
ENOLA GAY, PLANE THAT DROPPED THE BOMB
CREW OF THE ENOLA GAY THE PLANE THAT DROPPED THE FIRST ATOMIC BOMB ON JAPAN

123. What 2 Japanese cities were the Atom bombs dropped on?
Hiroshima (August 6)
Nagasaki (August 9)
5 days after the 2nd bomb was dropped, the Japanese surrendered on August 14, 1945, or V-J day, signing the Japanese Instrument of Surrender on September 2nd

124. 18. How many terms did President Roosevelt win
4 (Four)

125. 20. Who became the new president?
Harry S. Truman

126. 21. What showed Americans that the Japanese would fight to the bitter end?
Japanese suicidal kamikaze attacks

127. Unconditional surrender or face destruction
22. During the Potsdam Conference of July 1945, what ultimatum did Truman and the Allies give Japan?
Unconditional surrender or face destruction

128. 23. Why did President Truman decide to drop the atom bomb on the Japanese?
TO SAVE LIVES AND END THE WAR QUICKLY PRESIDENT TRUMAN GAVE THE ORDER TO USE THE ATOMIC BOMB ON JAPAN

129. 24. What 2 Japanese cities were the Atom bombs dropped on?

130. THE FIRST ATOMIC BOMB WAS DROPPED ON THE CITY OF 1.HIROSHIMA
AUGUST 6TH, 1945, 70,000 KILLED AND EVEN MORE WOUNDED

131. A SECOND ATOMIC BOMB WAS DROPPED ON 2
A SECOND ATOMIC BOMB WAS DROPPED ON 2. NAGASAKI AND THE JAPANESE SURRENDERED
AUGUST 9TH, 40,000 KILLED

132. 25. Why was the date August 15, 1945 a cause of celebration for Americans?
V J DAY, AUGUST 14, WORLD WAR II ENDS-The Japanese finally surrendered

133. V J DAY, AUGUST 14, 1945 WORLD WAR II ENDS

134. 26. How many Americans lost their lives during WW II?
The video says 395,000 or so, but if you include MIAs (Missing in Action) and POWs (Prisoners of War that were never returned) we lost closer to 500,000 Americans to the War

135. WW II DEATHS PER COUNTRY

136. The Results of the War
1. The Holocaust: US and Allied soldiers discovered gruesome sites when liberating Nazi Occupied Europe: the victims where Jews and other of Hitler’s ”enemies”were being systematically massacred by the Nazis
2. The Russian Soviet communists took over all of Eastern Europe- the Cold War followed as a competitive arms race between the United States and The Soviet Union (Russia)

137. The Results of the War
3. Germany was rebuilt and split into East (controlled by the Russians) and West (controlled by Britain, France and the USA)
4. The formation of the United Nations (UN) an international organization made up of all nations to prevent further wars
5. The Jewish people were finally given their own country by the UN- Israel

138. After WW 2 Germany was occupied by 4 countries

139. West and East Germany

140. The Results of the War
6. Japan (who fought the Allies on Germany’s side) along w/ Germany was occupied and rebuilt by the USA.
7. The USA becomes the most powerful nation in the world

142. The Results of the War
9. Women gain even more rights by working in the factories building weapons to help the war effort. (Rosie the Riveter)
10. US Isolation/neutrality ended
11. Due to massive war production in the factories, the United States’ recovered completely from the Great Depression.