1. Basic Computer Operations
Technology 101
Basic Computer Operations
“There are 10 kinds of people in this world, those who understand binary and those who don’t.”

2. What is a Computer? dictionary:
Computer - A device that computes, especially a programmable electronic machine that performs high-speed mathematical or logical operations or that assembles, stores, correlates, or otherwise processes information.

3. What is a Computer? translation:
Computer - A device that returns different information than what was put into it.
Antikythera mechanism

4. Choose Your Adventure Hardware Input/Output Ports Internal Hardware
External Devices
Windows
Using the Mouse
The Desktop
Display Properties
Windows Explorer
Files and Folders

5. The CPU and You What We Will Cover
Become familiar with Input/Output ports.
Learn the basic internal parts of a computer.
Monitor functions
Peripheral devices – printers, scanners, flash drives, etc.

6. Basic Input/Output Port Layout
Plugs, Wires, and Blinky Lights

7. Basic Input/Output Port Layout
Power Plug – Back of power supply

8. Basic Input/Output Port Layout
Audio Plugs -
Blue – Audio In
Green – Audio Out (Speakers, Headphones)
Pink - Microphone

9. Basic Input/Output Port Layout
Network Cable
Network port

10. Basic Input/Output Port Layout
When the network cable is plugged in you will see two lights on the network port, One solid (link light) and one blinking (transfer light). If you don’t see lights, you don’t have a connection.
Network LED lights

11. Basic Input/Output Port Layout
Universal Serial Bus (USB) Ports
Samples of USB Cables

12. Basic Input/Output Port Layout
PS/2 Ports -
Green – Mouse
Purple - Keyboard
PS/2 Plug

13. Basic Input/Output Port Layout
Parallel Port

14. Basic Input/Output Port Layout
Serial Port

15. Basic Input/Output Port Layout
VGA (Video) Ports
VGA (Video) Cables

16. Dissecting Your Computer
The GUTS

17. Motherboard
The main circuit board in a computer that connects all other devices.

18. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
A silicon chip that is responsible for all the computations in a computer. The “brain” of a computer.
Heat Sink w/ Fan
Speed measured in hertz, as in Megahertz (MHz) or Gigahertz (GHz)

19. Random Access Memory (RAM)
Increases computational speed by allowing data to be accessed in any order.

20. Hard Drive
A non-volatile (permanent) storage device that uses magnetic plates to store data.
Inside a Hard Drive

21. The Monitor
Adjust
Your
World

22. Printers, Scanners, and Other Things With Plugs

23. Choose Your Adventure Hardware Input/Output Ports Internal Hardware
External Devices
Network/Security
Logging In
Locking the Workstation
Windows
Using the Mouse
The Desktop
Display Properties
Windows Explorer
Files and Folders

24. Logging In In Action Server Workstation C:\Desktop Welcome H:\ HubaN
Username: HubaN
Password: ********
H:\
LeeJD
Workstation
H:\
HubaN
H:\
Welcome
HubaN
C:\Desktop
H:\
GarciaK
HarrisS
YoungR
HubaN

25. Choose Your Adventure Hardware Input/Output Ports Internal Hardware
External Devices
Windows
Using the Mouse
The Desktop
Display Properties
Windows Explorer
Files and Folders

26. Because “Welcome to Files” Didn’t Have the Right Ring to It.
Windows
Because “Welcome to Files” Didn’t Have the Right Ring to It.

27. A Brief Detour on Mousing
Left Click (Click) – refers to pressing and releasing the left mouse button. This command is used to select files and icons and move cursors. Since this is the most common button used, it is often referred to as just “Click” or “Clicking.”
Double Click (Click-Click) - refers to pressing and releasing the left mouse button twice in rapid succession. This command is often used to open folders and documents and to run programs.
Right Click - refers to pressing and releasing the right mouse button. This command is often used to bring up a list of frequently used commands within a given program or to display the properties of a selected item.

28. A Brief Detour on Mousing
Click and Drag - refers to pressing and holding the left mouse button and then moving the mouse. This command is most often used to move icons or files around or to help select multiple files or icons.
Scroll – the process of displaying more information in a window by moving the contents of the window up and down. This can be achieved by either using the scroll wheel on the mouse or using the “scroll bar” on the selected window.
Mouse Over – the process in which the mouse cursor is moved over an item, such as a button or icon, and held in place for a brief moment to display identifying information about the item.

29. A Brief Detour on Mousing
Things You Double Click:
Shortcuts
Folders
Documents
Things You Click Once:
Buttons
Hyperlinks
Menu Selections
Checkboxes
Radio Buttons

30. A Brief Detour on Mousing
Joining the Right Click
The Right Click menu is a very powerful and versatile tool. Right clicking displays several options of what you can do with whatever you Right Clicked on. The most common are:
Cut
Copy
Paste
Create Shortcut
Delete
Rename
Properties

31. Choose Your Adventure Hardware Input/Output Ports Internal Hardware
External Devices
Windows
Using the Mouse
The Desktop
Display Properties
Windows Explorer
Files and Folders

32. Your Vertical . . . Well, Desktop.
The Desktop
Your Vertical Well, Desktop.

33. You’re Vertical . . . Well, Desktop.
The Desktop
You’re Vertical Well, Desktop.
Desktop
Icons
Task Bar
Start Button
Quick Launch
System Tray

34. Icons, Shortcuts, and Buttons
The Desktop
Icons, Shortcuts, and Buttons
Icon – a graphical representation of a file
Button – a one click icon that performs a predefined function.

35. The Desktop Quick Launch Bar
The Quick Launch bar is simply a row of shortcuts that have been turned into buttons.
To create a Quick Launch button just drag a shortcut from the desktop to the Quick Launch bar.

36. The Desktop Quick Launch Bar
This icon is quite possibly the most useful button on the Quick Launch Bar. It’s the “Show Desktop” icon. It will minimize EVERYTHING open and display the desktop. Very useful when you have several windows open at once. (Windows Logo Key + “M” does the same thing.)

37. The Desktop System Tray
The System Tray (also called Sys Tray) is a row of icons that shows the “background” programs that are running on the computer. Often these programs startup automatically as soon as the computer is turned on. These programs include anti-virus and management programs.

38. The Desktop
Task Bar
The Task Bar displays all the open windows and programs started by the user. It is used to help switch between several programs easily.

39. The Desktop
Start Menu
Clicking on the Start button will bring up the Start Menu. The Start Menu has several options in it and many more can be added. However, we will only go over a few of those options.

40. The Desktop
Start Menu
Programs – This option will display a list of all the programs installed on the computer and gives the user the ability to run the program from that list.

41. The Desktop
Start Menu
Settings – This option contains a few options the most important being “Printers and Faxes” which helps you manage the printers installed on the computer.

42. The Desktop
Start Menu
Search – This allows the user to search through a single folder or the entire computer for a specific file or files.

43. The Desktop
Start Menu
Help and Support – This is a database of frequently asked questions that a user can search through if they want to know how to do something on the computer.

44. The Desktop Start Menu Shut Down – Displays these options:
Shutdown – Logs the User out and powers down the computer.
Restart – Logs the User out and reboots the computer.
Log off “username” – Logs the User out and returns the computer to the main log in window.

45. The Desktop
Important Icons

46. The Desktop Important Icons Internet Explorer –
Program used to connect to and browse the internet.

47. The Desktop Important Icons Recycle Bin –
When a file is “deleted” it goes to the Recycle Bin. The file can be retrieved later if the user has changed their minds. To permanently delete the files the user must “Empty” the Recycle Bin.
NOTE: This is true for LOCAL FILES ONLY! If the file is deleted from a network location it will NOT go to the Recycle Bin and, therefore, cannot be retrieved later.

48. The Desktop Important Icons My Documents –
A location unique to each user that uses the computer that stores all of that user’s documents and keeps them secure.

49. The Desktop Important Icons My Computer –
The gateway into the computer’s file system.

50. Choose Your Adventure Hardware Input/Output Ports Internal Hardware
External Devices
Windows
Using the Mouse
The Desktop
Display Properties
Windows Explorer
Files and Folders

51. When Squinting Just isn’t Good Enough
Display Properties
When Squinting Just isn’t Good Enough
Right Clicking on any empty desktop space will bring up the Right Click Menu and at the very bottom is the option, “Properties”. Clicking on this option brings up the Display Properties window which looks like . . .

52. When Squinting Just isn’t Good Enough
Display Properties
When Squinting Just isn’t Good Enough
. . . This.

53. When Squinting Just isn’t Good Enough
Display Properties
When Squinting Just isn’t Good Enough
The Screen Resolution slider bar is used to make the screen “bigger” and “smaller.”
Less pixels makes the screen “bigger.”
More pixels makes the screen “smaller.”

54. When Squinting Just isn’t Good Enough
Display Properties
When Squinting Just isn’t Good Enough
“Image Resolution” – wikipedia.org
Screen Resolution is the number of pixels used to create the image on the screen.
Pixel is short for Picture Element and is a single “dot” of an entire image.
The more “dots” the clearer the image.

55. Choose Your Adventure Hardware Input/Output Ports Internal Hardware
External Devices
Windows
Using the Mouse
The Desktop
Display Properties
Windows Explorer
Files and Folders

56. The Bottomless File Cabinet
Windows Explorer
The Bottomless File Cabinet

57. Windows Explorer
A drive is a mass storage medium such as a Hard Drive or a CD.
Drives are identified with letters from the alphabet.
A list of Drives on a computer.

58. Windows Explorer Local Disk (C:)*
The C:\ drive is always the main storage volume on the local computer. It is where system critical files are stored and where programs are installed to.

59. Windows Explorer CD-ROM/DVD/CD-RW
This drive allows the user to access or run a CD-ROM or DVD disk.

60. Windows Explorer (U:) Drive
The U:\ drive is the location of the logged in user’s personal files. This location is on a remote server and the “path” is given in the name. (Huban on BisdSAN005\elms\huban)
This drive is where to store important work-related and instructional materials you need backed up by TIMS.

61. The most common unit of storage is a byte.
Storage Space
The most common unit of storage is a byte.
Kilobyte (KB)
1,000 - thousand
1024
Megabyte (MB)
1,000,000 - million
1,048,576
Gigabyte (GB)
1,000,000,000 - billion
1,073,741,824
Terabyte (TB)
1,000,000,000,000 – trillion
1,099,511,627,776
An average Word document is about 20-25KB a page.
It takes approximately 8,388 Word documents to fill 200 megabytes.
It would take approximately 42,949 Word documents to fill one gigabyte.

62. Windows Explorer
Anatomy of a Window

63. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Title Bar
Displays the name of the window that is open. It also contains three buttons:

64. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Minimize Button
Reduces the window to the task bar. This can help with screen clutter when the user has several windows open.

65. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Maximize Button
Increases the window’s size to fill the entire screen. Useful for when a user wants to focus there full attention on a particular window or when a window is not displaying its full contents.
Clicking the button again will reduce the window back to a sizable window.

66. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Close Button
Also known as the “X” button. Closes the open window. Most often this button is used to close, or stop, a running program. Closing a program without first saving will result in data loss.

67. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Toolbar
This bar contains several selections that allow the user to perform any of a number of actions. Most programs in publication contain a toolbar and most will have similar layouts. The three most common selections are File, Edit, and Help.

68. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Navigation Bar
This bar works exactly like the navigation bar on a web browser.

69. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Navigation Buttons
The “Back” and “Forward” buttons move the window through the Folders that have been opened. A kind of “history” of Folder browsing.

70. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Search Button
Clicking this button will bring up the search feature that allows users to search for files. By default it will only search the active window.
Clicking Search again closes the search feature.

71. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Search Button
Clicking this button will bring up the search feature that allows users to search for files. By default it will only search the active window.
Clicking Search again closes the search feature.

72. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Views Button
This is simply a shortcut button that allows the user to change how they wish to view the files in that window:
Thumbnails – Tiles the icons and, if there are pictures, displays a small sample of what the file looks like.
Tiles – Not as big as Thumbnails and doesn’t display samples.
Icons – Smaller than Tiles and displays no extra data about the files.
List – Smaller than Icons and lists the files in vertical columns instead of horizontal rows.
Details – Same size as List but displays detailed information about the files in one long column. Also allows for the use of the Sort Bar.

73. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Sort Bar
The Sort Bar allows the user to sort files and folders in ascending or descending order by one of any number of file attributes. To do this just click on the attribute displayed in the bar.

74. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Show in Groups
For an even cleaner look you can turn on the “Show in Groups” option. This will display files in groups according to which file attribute you clicked in the Sort Bar.

75. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Folders Button
Clicking this button will open a Folder Tree.

76. Windows Explorer
Anatomy of a Window
Folder Tree

77. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Folder Tree
This displays a hierarchy of files and folders. Clicking the “+” next to an icon reveals all of the folders found in, or “underneath”, that folder. Clicking the “-” will collapse the folder back up.
To display files the user must click directly on the folder.

78. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Up Button
This button simply moves the window to the next level of folder (called a “parent folder”) up the folder tree.

79. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Address Bar
This contains the full location of where the files displayed are located. It is simply a list of folders separated by backslashes “\” where each “\” is one step down the Folder Tree.
This list of folders is also called a path.
A user may type in a path to browse for a specific file.

80. Windows Explorer Anatomy of a Window Address Bar
Example: The “Junk” folder is located in the “HowTo” folder, which is located in the “temp” folder, which is found on the H: drive.

81. Choose Your Adventure Hardware Input/Output Ports Internal Hardware
External Devices
Windows
Using the Mouse
The Desktop
Display Properties
Windows Explorer
Files and Folders

82. Files and Folders Creating a New Folder What is a Folder?
A Folder is a means of organizing files by creating a container that files can be placed into. Folders can contain other folders.

83. Files and Folders Creating a New Folder
Right Click in a blank area and select the option “New” and then “Folder.” or
Click on the “File” menu and select the option “New” and then “Folder.”
Type the name of the new folder. (France, Work, Not Work)

84. Files and Folders Anatomy of a File What is a File?
A file is something that contains specific information in a useable format. This information can be text, like a Word document, a picture, like a .JPEG image, or sound, like an .mp3 song.

85. Files and Folders Anatomy of a File
There are four parts of a file that every user should be aware of:
Date Modified
Name
Extension
Size

86. Files and Folders Anatomy of a File Name:
The name is the unique identifier for the file. NO two files IN THE SAME FOLDER can have the same name.
Name

87. Files and Folders Anatomy of a File Extension:
The extension refers to what KIND of data the file is. (i.e. a document vs. a picture vs. a music file)
Common extensions include:
.doc – Word document
.pdf – Adobe Reader
.xls – Excel spreadsheet
.wav – Sound file
.jpg – JPEG picture
.zip – Compressed file
.exe – Executable file
.html – Web file
Extension

88. Files and Folders Anatomy of a File Size:
This is the amount of space the file is using. This number is subtracted from the total space on the DRIVE. To get this space back the file must be deleted or moved to a different drive.
Size

89. Files and Folders Anatomy of a File Date Modified:
This is the date and time that the file was last modified. This usually means the last time the file was saved. This is NOT the creation date of the file.
Date Modified

90. Selecting Files and Folders
There are several ways to select multiple files:
Shift + “a” – Selects all files and folders
Click and Drag – Box Method
Shift + Arrow Keys – Selecting a Range, Slow
Shift + Click – Selecting a Range, Fast
Ctrl + Click – Selecting a Scattered Group
Edit > Invert Selection – Selects everything but what was selected

91. Files and Folders Cut, Copy and Paste
There are several ways to Cut, Copy and Paste files:
Edit Menu
Right Click Menu
Shortcut Keys – Cut: Ctrl + X
Copy: Ctrl + C
Paste: Ctrl + V

92. Files and Folders Cut vs. Copy
Cut removes the selected files or folders from one place and moves them to a new location. There is still only one set of files or folders.
Copy creates a duplicate of the selected files or folders in the new location but keeps a copy in the original location. There are now two sets of the same files in two different locations.

93. The Truth about Drag ‘n Drop
Files and Folders
The Truth about Drag ‘n Drop
You can manipulate files by clicking a dragging selected files from one folder to another.
So does Drag ‘n Drop Cut files or Copy them?
Answer: Both
If you Drag ‘n Drop files from one folder to another and BOTH folders are located on the same DRIVE, then the files will be Cut and Pasted.
If you Drag ‘n Drop files from one folder to another and one of the folders is located on a DIFFERENT DRIVE, then the files will be Copy and Pasted.

94. Renaming Files and Folders
There are several ways to rename files:
Select and Click
Right Click Menu
File Menu

95. Renaming Files and Folders
Things to watch for when renaming files:
Two files with the same name CANNOT exist in the same folder.
Pick a name that makes sense
DON’T change the file extension.

96. Deleting Files and Folders
There are several ways to delete files:
File Menu
Right Click Menu
Delete key
Drag ‘n Drop to the Recycle Bin

97. Files and Folders Creating Shortcuts
There are several ways to create a shortcut:
File Menu
Right Click Menu – Create Shortcut
Right Click Menu – Send to Desktop

98. Choose Your Adventure Hardware Input/Output Ports Internal Hardware
External Devices
Windows
Using the Mouse
The Desktop
Display Properties
Windows Explorer
Files and Folders