1. Common Core for English Language Learners
Mid-Continent Comprehensive Center (MC3) Regional ELL/CCSS Task Force

2. Welcome & Introductions
Rosie García-Belina, Ed.D.
MC3 ELL & Migrant Education Technical Assistance Coordinator
Task Force Members
Diane August, Ph.D.
Mary Bridgforth, Ph.D.
Lori Hanna, M.Ed.
Amy Suzanne King, M.S.
Melanie Manares, M.A.
Melissa McGavock, M.S.
Jennifer Shackles, M.A.
Lucy Trautman, M.Ed.

3. Housekeeping Discussion/Interactive Format Guidelines Poll
Questions and answer breaks
Interactive exercises and discussion
Questions/comments
Those on the teleconference can questions to

4. Who is on the webinar?
Please type your name, title, and state into the chat box.
ESL/bilingual teachers? District staff? State staff? TA providers? Other?

5. Information in the Handout
Task Force Membership
Expected Outcomes
Rationale
The MC3 Professional Development Framework
Considerations for working with English Language Learners
Tri-State Quality Review Rubric for Lessons & Units (Version 4)

6. Information in the Handout
Activities
Annotated Resources
Additional Resources

7. Expected Outcomes At the end of the webinar, participants will
identify the structure of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) and its relation to English Language Learners (ELLs);
be aware of the considerations for guiding instruction for ELLs;
recognize the elements needed to ensure all students meet the CCSS in English language arts and the additional support ELLs must receive to meet the standards; and
improve the capacity of regional SEA administrators and staff as they understand what teachers will need to do to ensure ELLs meet the new standards and be prepared for higher education.

8. Any questions from the handout?

9. Poll
What do you consider to be the greatest challenge to overcome to support ELLs in performing at high standards?
Teacher preparation
Lack of appropriate materials
Heterogeneous levels of students’ English proficiency
Other _______________ (please describe using the chat box)
Can we turn this into a poll during the webinar?

10. Comments on Poll Results

11. Steps in the Process

12. The Process
Focus teaching and learning on a set of grade- appropriate standards.
Select grade-appropriate text that will assist students in meeting these standards.
Build students’ background knowledge.
Engage students in a close read of the text.

13. Exemplar: Gettysburg Address
August, et al. (2012). Washington, DC: Center for English Language Learners, American Institutes for Research

14.  We will be focusing primarily on the first paragraph for the purposes of this presentation, but the methods presented here have been extended to the entire text.
August, et al. (2012). Washington, DC: Center for English Language Learners, American Institutes for Research

15. Step 1. Target Grade-level Standards
Focus Teaching & Learning
on Grade-specific Standards

16. Target Grade-level Standards
For All Students, including ELLs
For ELLs
Consider standards across the content areas.
At the elementary level, classroom teachers and resource teachers collaborate to select standards.
In the elementary grades, 50% of text should be informational.
At the secondary level, ELA teachers collaborate with other content area teachers to select standards.
In secondary grades, 55-70% of text should be informational.
Incorporate English language proficiency standards that are aligned with the ELA standards
Framework for English Language Proficiency Development Standards
At all levels, classroom teachers and ELL teachers collaborate to select standards.
MC3 will change structure to use this format
Resource: ELPD Framework
The title of the document is hyperlinked. Here is the actual web address:

17. Target Grade-level Standards
Gettysburg Address Exemplar:
Reading Standards for Informational Text
RI.7.2 Key Ideas and Details: Determine two or more central ideas in a text and analyze their development over the course of the text; provide an objective summary of the text.
RI.7.4 Craft and Structure: Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative, connotative, and technical meanings; analyze the impact of a specific word choice on meaning and tone.
RI.7.10 Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity: Read and comprehend literary nonfiction in the grades 6–8 text complexity band proficiently, with scaffolding as needed at the high end of the range.
 These are illustrative of work on Paragraph 1 only.

18. Target Grade-level Standards
Gettysburg Address Exemplar:
Literacy Standards for History/Social Studies
RH Craft and Structure: Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to history/social studies.
RH Integration of Knowledge and Ideas: Integrate visual information (e.g., in charts, graphs, photographs, videos or maps) with other information in print and digital texts.

19. Target Grade-level Content Standards
Gettysburg Address Exemplar:
State Content Standards for Social Studies
Arkansas: Students shall examine the political philosophies and the documents that shaped United States Constitutional Government.
Kansas: The student understands the shared ideals and diversity of American society and political culture.
Missouri: Students will acquire knowledge of principles expressed in the documents shaping constitutional democracy in the United States
Oklahoma: Identify the contributions of political leaders, political activists, civil rights leaders. (OK.SS.3.F)

20. Target Grade-level English Proficiency Standards
Gettysburg Address Exemplar:
English Language Proficiency Standards appropriate for each level of proficiency
ELPA: Reading - Standard 5: Students shall read, examine, and respond to a wide range of texts for a variety of purposes.
Kansas: Domain 3: Reading. English learners will read English to acquire language and comprehend, analyze, interpret, and evaluate a variety of literary and informational texts.
WIDA: English language learners communicate information, ideas, and concepts necessary for academic success in the content area of social studies.

21. Any questions so far?

22. Step 2. Select Appropriate Texts
Include Clear and Explicit Purpose for Instruction

23. Select Appropriate Texts
For all students (including ELLs), consider
For ELLs, consider
Quantitative attributes of text
Qualitative attributes of text
Reader characteristics
Task characteristics
Text characteristics
Representative of divergent cultures, periods, and world views
Levels of English language proficiency in selecting supplementary texts
MC3 will change structure to use this format

24. Select Appropriate Texts
Qualitative: levels of meaning or purpose, structure, language conventionality and clarity, and knowledge demands
Quantitative: word length or frequency, sentence length, and text cohesion
Reader and Task: specific to particular readers (e.g., motivation, knowledge, and experiences) and to particular tasks (e.g., purpose and the complexity of the task)
National Governors Association Center for Best Practices, Council of Chief State School Officers. (2010). Common core state standards for English language arts & literacy in history/social studies, science, and technical subjects, Appendix A,. Washington D.C.: Authors. Retrieved from

25. Select Appropriate Texts
Quantitative Measures for Selecting Text
Lexile Find a Book (Lexile measure)
The AR BookFinder (ATOS book level)
Questar Degree of Reading Power - DRP Analyzer (Textbook readability score)
ook_readability.aspx
Lexile is one popular framework, but not the only framework.
The Lexile framework can be used to measure the quantitative difficulty of many narrative texts (but not as many informational texts).
Titles of Sites are hyperlinked above, here are the actual web addresses
AR Book Finder:
Questar:

26. Select Appropriate Texts
Quantitative Measures for Selecting Text
The Common Core Standards advocate a "staircase" of increasing text complexity so that students can develop their reading skills and apply them to more difficult texts. At the lowest grade in each band, students focus on reading texts within that text complexity band. In the subsequent grade or grades within a band, students must "stretch" to read a certain proportion of texts from the next higher text complexity band. This pattern repeats itself throughout the grades so that students can both build on earlier literacy gains and challenge themselves with texts at a higher complexity level. Lexile measures and the Lexile ranges help to determine what text is appropriate for each grade band and what should be considered "stretch" text.
The higher the Lexile number, the more quantitatively complex the text.
MetaMetrix. (2012). Text complexity grade bands and lexile bands. Durham, NC: Author. Retrieved from

27. Select Appropriate Texts
Quantitative Measures for Selecting Text
Figure 1: Updated Text Complexity Grade Bands and Associated Ranges from Multiple Measures
National Governors Association Center for Best Practices, Council of Chief State School Officers. (2012). Supplemental information for Appendix A of the common core state standards for English language arts and literacy: New research on text complexity. Washington D.C.: Authors. Retrieved from
We provided links to publically available databases of informational texts for ATOS and Degrees of Reading Power. Flesch-Kincaid readability tests are widely available, but require you to enter the text to be rated. A publically available Reading Maturity Metric Analysis will be available soon, but will also require you to enter the text to be rated. SourceRater is not publically available at present.
National Governors Association Center for Best Practices, Council of Chief State School Officers. (2012). Supplemental information for Appendix A of the common core state standards for English language arts and literacy: New research on text complexity. Washington D.C.: Authors. Retrieved from

28. Select Appropriate Texts
Gettysburg Address Exemplar: Lexile and Grade Band
Text
Lexile Level
Grade Band
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate—we can not consecrate —we can not hallow—this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
1500
11+
August, et al. (2012). Washington, DC: Center for English Language Learners, American Institutes for Research

29. Select Appropriate Texts
Qualitative Measures for Selecting Text
Text with multiple levels of meaning
Distortions in organization of text (e.g., time sequences)
Sophisticated figurative language
Significant use of variations to standard English
Specialized or technical content knowledge assumed/required
Limited use of text features and graphics to cue the reader
Extensive and unfamiliar general and domain-specific vocabulary
Use of language that is archaic
Fisher, D., Frey, N., & Lapp, D. (2012). Text Complexity Is the New Black. In Text Complexity (pp. 1-19). Newark, DE: International Reading Association. 29

30. Consider Text Features that Contribute to Complexity: Example
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Text with multiple levels of meaning
Distortions in organization of text (e.g., time sequences)
Sophisticated figurative language
Significant use of variations to standard English
“Four score and seven years ago” refers to the signing of the Declaration of Independence.
Present tense used in matrix past tense sentence.
“Our fathers” are not literally our male progenitors; “conceive” is used literally to mean something they thought up, but also figuratively to mean something they created.
Necessary to understand the history of the founding of the U.S. to understand this paragraph.
Very few text features (except, perhaps, “a new nation”) and no graphics to cue the reader.
Both “continent” and “proposition” are domain specific (geography and law)
Both “score” and “brought forth” are archaic terms.
Specialized or technical content knowledge assumed/required
Limited use of text features and graphics to cue the reader
Extensive and unfamiliar general and domain-specific vocabulary
Use of language that is archaic
August, et al. (2012). Washington, DC: Center for English Language Learners, American Institutes for Research

31. Select Appropriate Texts
Resources for culturally relevant materials
cation/Gettysburg_Tips_Interactive.pdf
ome
Diane will add a slide about supplemental reading based on research that indicates….
Melanie will add a slide that multi-cultural resources

32. Select Appropriate Texts
Supplemental materials for learning about other cultures
Diane will add a slide about supplemental reading based on research that indicates….
Melanie will add a slide that multi-cultural resources

33. Questions or comments?

34. Step 3. Build Background
Make Connections to Prior Experience and Develop Content Knowledge and Skills

35. Assess Gaps
Use the Learning Progressions to assess and address gaps in precursor skills.
The Learning Progressions show the development of knowledge and skills for each standard from Kindergarten through Grade 12.
Current standards documents show progressions across only three grade spans.
These progressions enable educators to address precursor knowledge and skills associated with each grade-level standard.
Many ELLs need additional instruction in precursor skills because of interrupted schooling.

36. Use Learning Progressions
Reading Standards for Informational Text, K-5
Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development, summarize the key supporting details and ideas
RI.K.2 — With prompting and support, identify the main topic and retell key details of a text.
RI.1.2 — Identify the main topic and retell key details of a text
RI.2.2 — Identify the main topic of a multiparagraph text as well as the focus of specific paragraphs within the text.
RI.3.2 — Determine the main idea of a text; recount the key details and explain how they support the main idea.
RI.4.2 — Determine the main idea of a text and explain how it is supported by key details; summarize the text.
RI.5.2 — Determine two or more main ideas of a text and explain how they are supported by key details; summarize the text.

37. Use Learning Progressions
Reading Standards for Informational Text, 6-8
Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development, summarize the key supporting details and ideas
RI.6.2 — Determine a central idea of a text and how it is conveyed through particular details; provide a summary of the text distinct from personal opinions or judgments.
RI.7.2 — Determine two or more central ideas in a text and analyze their development over the course of the text; provide an objective summary of the text.
RI.8.2 — Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary on the text.

38. Use Learning Progressions
Reading Standards for Informational Text, 9-12
Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development, summarize the key supporting details and ideas
RI.9/10.2 — Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including how it emerges and is shaped and refined by specific details; provide an objective summary of the text.
RI.11/12.2 — Determine two or more central ideas of a text and analyze their development over the course of the text, including how they interact and build on one another to provide a complex account; provide an objective summary of the text.

39. For all students (including ELLs), consider
Build Background
For all students (including ELLs), consider
For ELLs, consider
Content related to ELA
Content related to other disciplines
Vocabulary
Learning strategies (procedural knowledge)
Basic vocabulary
U.S. historical and cultural context
For some ELLs, draw on
Cognate knowledge
First language knowledge and experience
MC3 will change structure to use this format

40. Build Background
Read the text carefully and determine which background knowledge is required to understand it.
Provide background information drawn from a variety of resources.
In some cases, you will have to create or adapt existing resources.
Target the specific knowledge required.
Be as brief as possible.
Scaffold the content (in the background pieces) to make it comprehensible.

41. Build Background
Gettysburg Address Exemplar: Students engage in activities to build background knowledge about the Gettysburg Address prior to reading it.
Watch a video clip of an actor playing Abraham Lincoln deliver the Gettysburg Address.
Read about the Gettysburg Address.
Watch a video clip about Abraham Lincoln.
Do an interactive reading about the Civil War.
Do an interactive reading about the Declaration of Independence (a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal).
August, et al. (2012). Washington, DC: Center for English Language Learners, American Institutes for Research

42. Build Background
Gettysburg Address Exemplar: Students engage in interactive reading and have access to glossed vocabulary.
U.S. President Abraham Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address during the Civil War. The Gettysburg Address was a speech delivered on November 19, 1863 at the dedication of the Soldiers’ National Cemetery in Gettysburg Pennsylvania. This is the cemetery where soldiers who died during the battle of Gettysburg had been buried. It is one of the most well-known speeches in United States history.
delivered—gave a speech
dedication – setting apart for a special purpose
It is very important that students have opportunities to read academic text. Shared interactive reading in which the teacher or another student reads aloud is helpful for students in the class who cannot decode grade-level text or read with sufficient fluency. As with the video clips, the text that is used needs to be carefully selected so it provides relevant background information. We recommend that the text used is ‘authentic’.
August, et al. (2012). Washington, DC: Center for English Language Learners, American Institutes for Research

43. Build Background
Gettysburg Address Exemplar: Students answer questions related to background knowledge. Sentence frames are provided.
Who delivered the Gettysburg Address?
______________ delivered the Gettysburg Address.
What does “delivered” mean in this context?
“Delivered” means ______ a speech.
What else can “delivered” mean?
“Delivered” also means __________ something to someone.
Partner talk: What does “dedication” mean in this context? Why do you think Lincoln gave the speech?
Start your sentences with
“Dedication means ______.”
“I think Lincoln gave the speech to ______.”
Abraham Lincoln
gave
brought
August, et al. (2012). Washington, DC: Center for English Language Learners, American Institutes for Research

44. Assist Students with Difficult Vocabulary
From the Gettysburg Address Exemplar
Vocabulary for Direct Instruction
Glossed Vocabulary
conceive
devotion
resolve
task
civil
created
portion
final
dedicate*
independence*
liberty*
bring forth
detract
engage
fitting and proper
hallow
in vain
nobly
Note
perish
resting place
score
endure
proposition
 Every word that is for direct instruction occurs in GT address and was important for understanding content
Glossed words and phrases—appear in GT address; archaic or use in GT address is archaic (score, fitting and proper, not central to key concepts (used for imagery rather than a key concept)
August, et al. (2012). Washington, DC: Center for English Language Learners, American Institutes for Research

45. Activity: Identifying Vocabulary
Refer to the excerpt from “I Have a Dream” on page 13 of your handout. Read the paragraph and identify which words you would pre-teach.
For all students
For ELLS
Write one strategy you would use to teach these words.
Use the chat box to write your answer.
You will have three minutes to complete the activity.
Are we going to do this activity? Do we want to use a different excerpt from the GBA.

46. Excerpt from Martin Luther King “I Have a Dream”
“I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.
Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.”

47. Debriefing
What did you do differently for the ELL students?

48. Make Central Focus of Instruction
Step 4. Read Closely
Make Central Focus of Instruction

49. For all students (including ELLs)
Read Closely
For all students (including ELLs)
For ELLs
Ask text dependent questions
Some text dependent questions are lower the level
Require evidence
Revisit the standards
Include additional lower the level questions if necessary
Provide sentence frames
Gloss vocabulary
Use graphic organizers and visuals

50. Read Closely
Create text-dependent questions for close analytic reading.
Identify the core understandings and key ideas of the text.
Start small to build confidence.
Target vocabulary and text structure.
Tackle tough sections head-on.
Create coherent sequences of text-dependent questions.
Identify the standards that are being addressed.
Create the culminating assessment.
From A guide to creating text dependent questions for close analytic reading
Step One: Identify the Core Understandings and Key Ideas of the Text
As in any good reverse engineering or “backwards design” process, teachers should start by identifying the key insights they want students to understand from the text—keeping one eye on the major points being made is crucial for fashioning an overarching set of successful questions and critical for creating an appropriate culminating assignment.
Step Two: Start Small to Build Confidence
The opening questions should be ones that help orientate students to the text and be sufficiently specific enough for them to answer so that they gain confidence to tackle more difficult questions later on.
Step Three: Target Vocabulary and Text Structure
Locate key text structures and the most powerful academic words in the text that are connected to the key ideas and understandings, and craft questions that illuminate these connections.
Step Four: Tackle Tough Sections Head-on
Find the sections of the text that will present the greatest difficulty and craft questions that support students in mastering these sections (these could be sections with difficult syntax, particularly dense information, and tricky transitions or places that offer a variety of possible inferences).
Step Five: Create Coherent Sequences of Text Dependent Questions
The sequence of questions should not be random but should build toward more coherent understanding and analysis to ensure that students learn to stay focused on the text to bring them to a gradual understanding of its meaning.
Step Six: Identify the Standards That Are Being Addressed
Take stock of what standards are being addressed in the series of questions and decide if any other standards are suited to being a focus for this text (forming additional questions that exercise those standards).
Step Seven: Create the Culminating Assessment
Develop a culminating activity around the key ideas or understandings identified earlier that reflects (a) mastery of one or more of the standards, (b) involves writing, and (c) is structured to be completed by students independently.
Achievement Partners (2012). “A guide to creating text dependent questions for close analytic reading” achievethecore.org

51. Read Closely Example: Text-dependent questions Steps Examples
Identify key ideas
A new nation was conceived in liberty.
The nation was dedicated to equality.
Start small to build confidence
What does four score and twenty years ago mean?
What does Lincoln mean by “our fathers”?
Target vocabulary and text structure
Vocabulary: brought forth, continent, nation
Text structure: brought forth on this continent a new nation
Tackle tough sections
Entire first paragraph
Create coherent sequences
What is Lincoln saying is significant about America?
What does Lincoln tell us about the new nation?
Identify standards
See Section 1 (“Target Grade-Level Standards”).
Create culminating assessment
Require students to summarize the text in their own words.
Note that some of these questions are lower the level questions
August, et al. (2012). Washington, DC: Center for English Language Learners, American Institutes for Research

52. Read Closely Example: Text-dependent questions Steps Examples
Identify key ideas
What were the two main characteristics of the new nation?
Start small to build confidence
What does four score and twenty years ago mean?
What does Lincoln mean by our fathers? What was the new nation?
Target vocabulary and text structure
Our father brought forth on this continent a new nation. What does brought forth mean in this phrase? Restate this phrase in your own words.
Tackle tough sections
Entire first paragraph
Create coherent sequences
What does conceived mean? What does liberty mean?
What is one thing Lincoln tells us about the new nation? Restate this in your own words.
Identify standards
See Section 1 (“Target Grade-Level Standards”).
Create culminating assessment
Require students to summarize the text in their own words.
Note that some of these questions are lower the level questions
August, et al. (2012). Washington, DC: Center for English Language Learners, American Institutes for Research

53. Read Closely Text-based Evidence Type Explanation
Direct Citation v. Paraphrase
You may ask students to point to the exact line or phrase that supports an idea or conclusion, or you can ask them to summarize the supporting text. In both cases, students should clearly identify the evidence for their response.
Drawing v. Supporting Conclusions
You can provide students with a conclusion and ask them to support it with evidence from the text, or alternatively, you can state a line or phrase of text and ask them to draw a conclusion that is supported by that line or phrase.
Evidence for 1 v. Multiple Conclusions
In some cases, evidence from the text only supports a single conclusion. In other cases, the text seems to support multiple viable conclusions. Help students determine the difference by asking them to provide evidence for their conclusions.
Supporting Own or Others’ Conclusions
You may ask students to draw a conclusion and support it with evidence, or you may ask one student to draw a conclusion, and other students to find evidence for the conclusion. The conclusion is only supported if evidence can be found in the text.
Creating Lower the Level Questions From Uncommon Schools (

54. Read Closely Text-based Evidence
Type
Example
Direct Citation v. Paraphrase
C: Which phrases tell us what is special about the new nation?
P: In your own words, say what is special about America.
Drawing v. Supporting Conclusions
D: Lincoln says the nation was conceived in liberty. What does that tell you about America?
S: What does Lincoln say that let’s us know America is special?
Evidence for 1 v. Multiple Conclusions
1: We know that the nation is special because it was created with equality in mind. What does the text say to support this? Can we say anything else about the nation from the text?
Supporting Own or Others’ Conclusions
Self: You told us that America is special because it was created to be free. Can you tell us some evidence to support that?
Other: Julia says he thinks America is free. Who can find some evidence to support that conclusion?
As appropriate, have students identify evidence in the text for their response.
August, et al. (2012). Washington, DC: Center for English Language Learners, American Institutes for Research

55. Read Closely Scaffolds for ELLs Glossing of Vocabulary
Additional Lower-the-Level Questions
Graphic Organizers and visuals
Provide Sentence Frames
Research shows that while ELs benefit from instructional practices that are also effective for native English speakers, they benefit from additional support because they are learning language and content concurrently
Providing this support is a legal obligation (Lau v. Nichols). Examples of methods that provide additional support include using gestures, paraphrasing, and lower-level questions to increase comprehension of text and oral discourse, glossing key vocabulary; and instruction in word-learning strategies and comprehension strategies. August & Shanahan, 2010; Genesee, Lindholm-Leary, Saunders, & Christian, 2006

56. Read Closely
Example Scaffolds: Students engage in interactive reading of the Gettysburg Address and have access to glossed vocabulary; students answer questions with sentence frames that can be adapted for different levels of language proficiency.
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
score – twenty
bring forth – create
August, et al. (2012). Washington, DC: Center for English Language Learners, American Institutes for Research

57. Read Closely
Example Scaffolds: Additional Lower-the-Level questions and sentence frames
What does Lincoln mean by “four score and seven years ago?”
Four score and seven years ago means______ years ago.
What does Lincoln mean by “our fathers”?
By “our fathers” Lincoln means ____________________________.
What nation was brought forth or created four score and seven years before the Gettysburg address? _________________________was brought forth or created.
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
score – twenty
bring forth – create 87
the men who founded the U.S.
The United States
August, et al. (2012). Washington, DC: Center for English Language Learners, American Institutes for Research

58. Read Closely Example Scaffolds (cont.)
The new nation was conceived in liberty. What does the phrase “conceived in liberty” mean? Conceived in liberty” means that _____________________________.
The nation was “dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal” What does the proposition or idea “all men are created equal” mean? All men are created equal” means that ___________________________________.
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
score – twenty
bring forth – create
it was created to be free
everyone has the same rights and freedoms
August, et al. (2012). Washington, DC: Center for English Language Learners, American Institutes for Research

59. Shared Activity

60. Participant Activity
Refer to the Martin Luther King, Jr. passage (see next slide).
Prepare two text-dependent questions. Assume students have been given the background knowledge they need to understand the context of this passage.
Make sure
one question is a lower-the-level question, and
the questions are framed in a way that requires students to provide evidence for their responses.
For your two text-dependent questions, provide sentence frames for students.

61. Excerpt from Martin Luther King, Jr. “I Have a Dream”
“I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.
Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.”

62. Debriefing

63. Participant Activity
What does King state happened five score years ago?
King states that the ________________________ was signed five score years ago.
What did the Emancipation Proclamation end? What words in the text lead you to this answer?
The Emancipation Proclamation ended _______. The words that lead me to this answer are “end the _____ ______ of _______ _________.”
Emancipation Proclamation
(Lower-the-Level Question)
slavery
long
night
their
captivity

64. Comments?
Questions? Concerns?

65. Please refer to your handout for annotated references and additional resources. This webinar has been recorded and will be made available for replay online.

66. Before you leave, please click on the link below and complete the evaluation survey Thank you! 

67. For additional information, please contact MC3 REGIONAL ELL/CCSS TASK FORCE c/o the University of Oklahoma Rosie García Belina, Ed.D., Coordinator
Portions of this presentation may have been developed under a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Department of Education; however, the contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the Department of Education, and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Government. © 2012 The University of Oklahoma