1. MARKETING
ENVIRONMENT

2. THE COMPANY’S MARKETING ENVIRONMENT
The Economy
Social Factors
Suppliers
Demography
Distributors & Dealers
Company
Public
Customers
Cultural Factors
Competitors
Political & Legal
Technology

3. THE COMPANY’S MARKETING ENVIRONMENT
All Companies operate within a marketing environment. This environment consists of all the factors and forces that affect the company’s ability to transact effectively with its target market.
This environment can be divided into :
(A) Micro-environment
(B) Macro-environment

4. (A) MICRO-ENVIRONMENT
The microenvironment consists of the forces close to the company that affects its ability to serve its customers. It consists of following components :
(i) Company’s internal environment (Company’s other departments)
(ii) Suppliers
(iii) Marketing Intermediaries
(iv) Customers
(v) Competitors
(vi) Publics

5. MICRO-ENVIRONMENT Company Marketing Intermediaries Suppliers
Customers
Competitors
Publics

6. (The Company’s Internal Environment)
(i) THE COMPANY
R & D
Purchasing
Finance
Manufacturing
Top Management
Mktg.
Accounting
(The Company’s Internal Environment)

7. (ii) SUPPLIERS
Suppliers are an important link in the company’s overall customer “value delivery system”.
They provide the resources needed by the company to provide its goods and services.
Supplier developments can easily affect marketing.
Marketing managers must watch supply availability and must also monitor the price trends of their key inputs.(Rising supply costs may force price increases that can harm the company’s sales volume).

8. (iii) MARKETING INTERMEDIARIES
Marketing intermediaries are firms that aid the company in promoting, selling, and distributing its goods to the final buyers.
They include middlemen, physical distribution firms, marketing service agencies and financial intermediaries.

9. MARKETING INTERMEDIARIES
Middlemen- are business firms that help the company in finding customers and/or close sales with them. Middlemen are of two types :
Agent Middlemen – find customers and negotiate contracts but do not take title to merchandize, e.g. brokers, representatives.
Merchant Middlemen – Buy, take title to the goods, and resell merchandize, e.g. wholesalers, retailers etc.

10. MARKETING INTERMEDIARIES
Physical Distribution Firms - Assist the co. in stocking and moving goods from their original locations to their destinations,e.g. ware housing firms, transportation firms.

11. MARKETING INTERMEDIARIES
Marketing Service Agencies – Assist the company in promoting its products to the right markets, e.g. marketing research firms, advertising agencies, marketing consultancy firms etc.

12. MARKETING INTERMEDIARIES
Financial Intermediaries – Help finance transactions or insure against the risks associated with the buying and selling of goods, e.g. banks, credit companies, insurance companies etc.

13. (iv) CUSTOMERS / MARKETS.
Reseller Market
Business Market
Govt. Market
Consumer Market
International Market
Company

14. (v) COMPETITORS
To be successful, a company must provide greater customer value and satisfaction than its competitors (Marketing Concept).
Marketers must do more than simply adapt to the needs of target customers. They also must gain strategic advantage by positioning their offerings strongly against competitors’ offerings in the minds of consumers.

15. COMPETITORS Four basic competitions faced by a company :
monopolisticCompetition
Oligo poly
Perfect competition
Company
monopolyCompetition

16. CHARECTERISTICS
PERFECT
MONOPOLISTIC
OLIOPOLISTIC
MONOPOLY
Number of competitors
MANY
FEW TO MANY
VERY FEW
NO DIRECT COMPETITER
Similarity of goods/services offered by competing firms
SAME
Seemingly different but may be quite similar
Similar or different
No directly competing products
Individual firm's control over price
None (set by the market)
Some
REGULATED BY GOVT
Examples
WATER PACKET
AGRI PRODUCT
SHAMPOO
OIL
AIROPLANE
AUTOMOBOIL
RAILWAY

17. (vi) PUBLICS
Any group that has an actual or potential interest in or impact on an organization’s ability to achieve its objectives.
Citizen Action Public
Govt. Public
Local Public
Media Public
General Public
Financial Public
Internal Public
Co.

18. PUBLICS Financial Publics (Banks, investment houses and stock holders)
Media Publics (Newspapers, magazines, and radio & T.V. stations)
Govt. Publics (Rules & regulations related to safety, truth in advertising and other matters)
Citizen-action Publics (Consumer organizations, environmental groups, minority groups etc.)

19. PUBLICS
Local Publics (Neighborhood residents and community organizations)
General Publics (General public’s overall attitude toward co.’s products and activities)
Internal Publics (Company’s workers, managers, volunteers and the board of directors)

20. (B) MACRO-ENVIRONMENT
Natural Forces
Technological Forces
Economic Forces
Political Forces
Demographic Forces
Company
Cultural Forces
“ It is useless to tell a river to stop running; the best thing is to learn how to swim in the direction it is flowing”

21. MACRO-ENVIRONMENT
An organization’s success depends on the ability of its executives to manage its marketing system in relation to its external environment. These forces (macro-environmental forces) are uncontrollable and pose opportunities and create threats for the company.
TODAY YOU HAVE TO RUN FASTER TO STAY IN THE SAME PLACE.

22. INDIAN MARKETING ENVIRONMENT
Few Examples…………
How some of the industry leaders lost their competitive advantage because they failed to perceive the environmental changes….?
The decade of 1980s saw many of the industry titans losing their competitive advantage to relatively new entrants……..
(Contd..)

23. Few Examples…………
Hindustan Motors and Premier Automobiles lost their pre-eminent position in the Indian market to Maruti Udyog’s Maruti 800.
Mahindra and Mahindra were shaken up by Maruti Udyog’s Gypsy.
Titan watches heralded a new era of watches and shook the giant HMT.
Hindustan Levers Surf was cornered by Nirma.

24. Few Examples…………
Television giants like NELCO,Crown, Weston, Salora,Bush etc. lost out to absolutely new firms and brands like Onida and Videocon.
Videocon launched its washing machine in1998 and suddenly thereafter, one saw an explosion in the market with about half-a-dozen brands.

25. HOW TO ANALYZE THE CASE STUDY ?
(1) Introduction : ( Write a brief introduction of the case study ).
(2) Situation Analysis : ( After understanding the case do the situation analysis ) SWOT / SWORT Analysis is one of the Universally practiced way of doing the situation analysis. If enough information is given n the case, then do the SWOT / SWORT Analysis.

26. HOW TO ANALYZE THE CASE STUDY ?
(3) Identify the problems ( Specify major problem area ).
(4) Suggest the Solutions ( Alternative solutions ). Recommend the best solution in your view.
(5) If at the end of the case ,questions are asked, then you can answer them directly just after the Situation Analysis (SWOT).
(6) Conclusion (if any)

27. HOW TO ANALYZE THE CASE STUDY ?
SWOT / SWORT ANALYSIS :
STRENGTHS
Leveraging
OPPORTUNITIES
Constraints
WEAKNESSES
Vulnerable
THREATS
Challenging
(Problem)
RISKS